Projektleder KU/SSI
Projektgruppe
Anette Boklund (KU)
Anne Sofie Hammer (KU), Anette Bøtner (KU/SSI), Thomas Bruun Rasmussen (SSI),
Graham John Belsham (KU), Tariq Halasa (KU), Søren Saxmose Nielsen (KU), Jens
Frederik Agger (KU), Anders Fomsgaard (SSI), Morten Rasmussen (SSI), Tyra Grove
Krause (SSI), Thomas Richter (SSI), Helle Daugaard Larsen (SSI), Tinna Ravnholt Urt
(SSI), Brian Kristensen (SSI), Jannik Fonager (SSI), Frederikke Kristensen Lomholt
(SSI)
Sten Mortensen, Karsten Aagaard, Stine Kjær-Andersen, Tenna Jensen, Francisco
Fernando Calvo Artavia
Dato for svarfrist
23-10-2020
FVST
2020-14-81-01705
Dato for afsendelse
23-10-2020
KU
061-0115/20-3680
Versionsnummer
3
SSI
20/06443
Fagfællebedømmer
Kontaktperson i FVST
Dato for henvendelse
19-06-2020
Journalnummer/sagsnummer
Besvarelse vedr.
Epidemiologisk udredning i SARS-COV-2 smittede minkfarme
Conclusion and perspectives
SARS-CoV-2 has not been detected in Danish mink farms until late in the within-farm epidemic in most
farms. This complicates and reduces the possibility for implementing biosecurity measures with the
purpose of reducing the risk of virus transmission from mink to humans. Phylogenetic analyses of viruses
from infected mink and from persons connected to mink farms who have been infected with SARS-CoV-
2, together with a comparison of the times of infection and the development of the infection in the mink
farms show that it is extremely likely (95-99% ) that both human-to-mink and mink-to-human
transmission occurs. Survival analysis shows that short distance to the nearest SARS-CoV-2 positive farm
and large farm size have significant association with the risk of infection. It has not been possible to
identify other risk factors. In mink, changes have been detected in several regions of the virus genome,
including within the sequence encoding the spike protein. This protein is important for stimulating
immunity during either infection or after potential vaccination. Such changes could reduce the efficiency
with which the virus is recognized in previously infected or vaccinated subjects, which potentially can
result in reduced herd immunity and reduced vaccine efficacy. In addition, it has been shown that the
mink-related virus variant subsequently forms chains of infection in humans.
Konklusion og perspektivering
SARS-CoV-2 i danske minkfarme påvises oftest sent i smitteforløbet, hvilket vanskeliggør en rettidig
indsats med henblik på at reducere risikoen for, at der sker smitte fra mink til mennesker. Fylogenetiske
analyser af virus fra smittede mink og fra personer, der har relation til minkfarme og har været smittet
med SARS-CoV-2, sammenholdt med tidspunkter for smitte og udviklingen af infektionen i minkfarmene
viser, at det er ekstremt sandsynligt (95-99%), at såvel smitte fra menneske til mink, såvel som fra mink
til menneske, forekommer. En overlevelsesanalyse viser, at kort afstand til smittede minkfarme og stor
besætningsstørrelse er sammenhængende med øget risiko for, at en minkfarm bliver smittet med SARS-
CoV-2. Det har ikke været muligt at påvise andre risikofaktorer.
I mink er der påvist ændringer i flere områder af virusgenomet, blandt andet det område, der koder for
spike-proteinet, som er essentielt for immunitet efter overstået infektion og/eller vaccination. Sådanne
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