SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

Sundheds- og Ældreudvalget 2019-20
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Digital Public Services

Digital Economy and Society Index Report 2019

Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

The Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI)

is a composite index that summarises relevant

indicators on Europe’s digital performance and tracks the progress of EU Member States in

digital competitiveness.

The five dimensions of the DESI

1 Connectivity

Fixed broadband, mobile broadband, fast and ultrafast

broadband and prices

Internet user skills and advanced skills

Citizens' use of internet services and online transactions

Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands and Denmark, have the most

advanced digital economies in the EU followed by the UK,

Luxembourg, Ireland and Estonia.

Bulgaria, Romania, Greece and Poland have the lowest scores

on the index.

2 Human capital

3 Use of internet

Business digitisation and e-commerce

4 Integration of

digital technology

5 Digital public

e-Government and e-health

services

Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) 2019

1 Connectivity

Source: DESI 2019, European Commission

2 Human capital

3 Use of internet services

4 Integration of digital technology

5 Digital public services

DESI Report 2019 – Connectivity

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

digital public services,

Finland has the highest score, followed by Estonia, the Netherlands and

Spain. Romania, Greece and Hungary and have the lowest scores.

The digital public services

dimension consists of eight indicators: the eGovernment users

measured as a percentage of those internet users who need to submit forms to the public

administration (the

e-government users

indicator); the extent to which data that is already

known to the public administration is pre-filled in forms presented to the user (the

pre-filled

forms

indicator); the extent to which the various steps in dealing with the public administration

can be carried out completely online (the

online service completion

indicator); the degree to

which public services for businesses are interoperable and cross-border (the

digital public

services for businesses

indicator); the government’s commitment to open data (the

open

data

indicator); the percentage of people who used online health and care services without

having to go to a hospital or doctors surgery (the

e-health

services indicator); the extent to

which general practitioners are using electronic networks to exchange medical data with other

healthcare providers and professionals (the

medical data exchange

indicator); and the

extent to which general practitioners are using electronic networks to transfer prescriptions to

pharmacists (the

e-prescription

indicator).

Digital Public Services indicators in DESI 2019

5a1 e-Government users

% internet users needing to submit forms

64%

2018

5a2 Pre-filled forms

Score (0 to 100)

2018

5a3 Online service completion

Score (0 to 100)

2018

5a4 Digital public services for businesses

Score (0 to 100) - including domestic and cross-border

2018

5a5 Open data

% of maximum score

64%

2018

5b1 e-Health services

% individuals

18%

2017

5b2 Medical data exchange

% of general practitioners

43%

2018

5b3 e-Prescription

% of general practitioners

50%

2018

Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) 2019, Digital Public Services

EE NL ES DK SE LV LT

Source: DESI 2019, European Commission

5a e-Government

5b e-Health

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

The

demand side of digital public services is progressing,

as 64 % of EU citizens used public

services online.

e-Services reduce the time spent in public administrations and this

encourages people to use them. Sweden, Estonia, Finland and

Denmark performed very well, with more than 90 % of internet users

(aged 16-74), who need to submit filled forms to the public

administration, choosing governmental portals. Only Italy and

Greece perform below 40 %.

24 countries performed better in 2018 than in 2017, with Portugal

and Czechia making the biggest improvement with 18 and 15

percentage points respectively. In 2018, the number of e-government

users increased by 10 %, which is the greatest recorded change

since the DESI started. Compared to recent years, the upward trend

from 2015 to 2017 stopped in 2017 with a fall of 1 percentage point.

e-Government users between 2013 and 2018

70%

Source: Eurostat

65%

60%

55%

50%

45%

40%

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

e-Government users, 2018 (% of internet users needed to submit filled forms to public authorities over the Internet in the last 12

months)

Source: Digital Scoreboard

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

The

provision of government services online

is progressing, with several Member States

recording big improvements.

100

Pre-filled forms, 2017-2018 (score 0 to 100)

2017

2018

The use of inter-connected registers is key to assure that

users do not have to resubmit data to the public

administration.

Although all the countries improved compared to 2017,

the amount of data available in public services’ online

forms (pre-filled forms) is still not satisfactory. Only four

countries (i.e. Romania, Cyprus, Denmark and Finland)

recorded lower scores compared to 2017. Ireland (+27.5

points), Italy (+15.75 points) and Latvia (+11.38 points)

made the most progress. The three best performing

countries were Malta, Estonia, and Latvia with scores

above 82 points. However, the worst performing

countries (i.e. Romania, the UK, Greece and Bulgaria)

scored below 30 points.

Source: eGovernment Benchmark Report

Online service completion refers to the extent to which

the various steps needed in dealing with the public

administration can be done completely online.

Malta, Portugal, Estonia, Austria, and Lithuania

performed the best, retaining the same ranking they

achieved in 2017. Altogether 13 countries (Malta,

Portugal, Estonia, Austria, Lithuania, Finland,

Denmark, Spain, Latvia, the Netherlands, Sweden,

Italy, and France) scored above 90 points. Croatia,

Romania and Bulgaria had low scores, while only two

Member States (Spain and Ireland) had slightly

declined compared to 2017. Hungary is the country

with the greatest increase compared to 2017, followed

by Luxembourg and Greece.

100

Online service completion, 2017-2018 (score 0 to 100)

2017

2018

Source: eGovernment Benchmark Report

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

The

provision of digital public services for businesses

is improving, having increased by more

than 25 % in the last 5 years.

This indicator measures the degree to which basic public services for

businesses, when starting a business and conducting regular business

operations, are available online and cross borders to other EU Member

States. Services provided through a portal receive a higher score, while

services that only provide information online but the operations of which

have to be done offline receive a lower score.

Altogether 11 countries (Denmark, Ireland, the UK, Lithuania, Bulgaria,

Malta Spain, Estonia, Sweden, Latvia and Cyprus) scored more than 90

points (out of 100). Bulgaria and the UK recorded the greatest

improvement compared to 2017. On the other hand, Croatia, Romania

and Bulgaria scored below 75, while Germany recorded a drop of more

than 4 points.

e-Government services for businesses, 2013-2018

100

2013

2014

Source: eGovernment Benchmark Report

2015

2016

2017

2018

e-Government services for businesses, 2017-2018 (score 0 to 100)

100

Source: eGovernment Benchmark Report

2017

2018

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

Open data:

The overall results across the EU show the variety in the speed of transformation and

the priorities that countries have set.

As from 2018, the level of maturity of open data is based on the four following indicators:

Open data policy: the presence at national level of specific policies on open data, licensing norms, and the extent of coordination at national level to

provide guidelines to national, local and regional administrations, and set up coordinated approaches towards data publication.

II.

Open data portals: the development of national portals and their level of sophistication to feature available open data.

III.

Open data impact: the impact of open data at country level on four dimensions: political, social, environmental and economic.

IV.

Open data quality: the extent to which national portals have a systematic and automated approach to harvesting and the compliance level in terms of

the metadata standard DCAT-AP (specification for metadata records).

The less advanced open data countries choose to take what they deem to be the natural next step and invest in modernising their national portals so they

become the main gateways to open data available throughout the country. The more ‘mature’ open data countries have now shifted to boosting the quality of

data publication. The top performing countries are now prioritising the impact derived from open data and carry out activities to monitor and capture this

impact.

Ireland, Spain and France performed well, having scored more than 80 %. On the other hand, Malta, Denmark, Estonia and Lithuania underperformed, having

scored less than 50 %.

Open data, 2018 (% of the maximum open data score)

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

MT HU

N/A

Source; European Data Portal

* The methodology was updated to enforce the metadata quality and impact, therefore there is a break in the series compared to past years.

** Hungary did not participate in the exercise for 2018

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

Can businesses and the public quickly and easily access public information and services? Public

administrations

score 84 (out of 100) points in user centricity.

This indicator includes three key elements of online service provision:

Online availability: this illustrates how services are made available (automated; service available online through a portal or directly; information on the

service is available either through a portal or online; the service or any information about the service is not online available).

II.

Usability: this measures the availability of support channels and feedback mechanisms, such as online chats.

III.

Mobile friendliness: this captures the extent to which government services are available through mobile devices, providing seamless and convenient

mobile experience to the public and businesses.

Member States are improving, having an overall score of 84 (out of 100) which keeps growing. Over the last five years, online availability has risen by 15

points, broadening the online scope of public services. Moreover, an initial gap of 64 points between the top and bottom five performing countries of 64 points

has decreased by 12 points over the last five years. Encouragingly, public sector services are also increasingly mobile-friendly, allowing users to find

information and obtain services anytime and anywhere.

Malta, Finland and the Netherlands are leading in the EU, scoring more than 90 points, while Romania, Croatia and Hungary are lagging behind, scoring less

than 70 points.

User centricity, 2018 (score 0-100)

100

Source: eGovernment Benchmark report

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

SUU, Alm.del - 2019-20 - Bilag 151: Materiale fra Cambio til foretræde den 14/1-20 om fremtidens sundheds-it og bedre anvendelse af sundhedsdata

In the last 5 years, Member States

increased the use of key enablers

by 10 %

The key enabler indicator includes the following four key elements of online service provision and availability:

Electronic Identification (eID) is a government-issued document for online identification and authentication.

II.

eDocuments: a document that has been authenticated by its issuer using any means recognised under applicable national law, specifically through the

use of electronic signatures, i.e. not a regular pdf or word doc.

III.

Authentic sources: base registries used by governments to automatically validate or fetch data related to individuals or businesses.

IV.

Digital post: assesses whether public authorities allow people to receive communications digitally only, and hence reducing paper mailings. Digital post

refers to the possibility for governments to communicate by electronic means only with people or entrepreneurs, such as through personal mailboxes.

Member States have ample room to improve the implementation of key enablers in their service provisions. For example, public administrations could

optimise the reuse of (personal) information already provided by users. In effect, the authentic source indicator stands at 56 (out of 100). However, countries

substantially differ; eID stands at 55, while digital post options are available in 65 out of 100 institutions. eDocuments stands at 65 (out of 100) as well.

Malta, Estonia, Lithuania, Austria, Latvia and Denmark are leading, scoring more than 80 points, while Romania, Croatia and Bulgaria and Greece are lagging

behind, scoring less than 30 points.

Key enablers 2018 (score 0-100)

100

Source: eGovernment Benchmark report

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

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Digital health and care:

more than half of the people in the EU want online access to their medical

records.

Only 18 % of people in the EU have used online health and care services without having to go to a hospital or a doctors surgery (for

example, by getting a prescription or a consultation online). 5% have used these "once", 6 % "twice" and 7 % "three times or more".

The majority (81 %) have "never" used these services.

According to Eurobarometer, 52 % of all people in the EU would like online access to their medical and health records. People in the

EU are much more willing to share data on their health and wellbeing with doctors and healthcare professionals (65 %) than with

companies (14 %) or with public authorities even if anonymised and for research purposes (21 %). One in twenty (5 %) would be willing

to give their anonymised data to private sector companies for commercial purposes. Less than one in five people in the EU have used

health and care services provided online (18 %). Overall, seven in ten (70 %) would be willing to give their health and personal

wellbeing data to others. Most likely they are willing to do this for their doctor or health care professional (65 %).

Almost 50 % of people in Finland and Estonia used e-health services, while in Denmark the percentage is slightly lower (42 %). On the

other hand, Malta Hungary, Germany and Cyprus underperformed, having scored less than 10 %.

Use of e-health Services, 2017 (% of individuals aged 16-74)

50%

45%

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

Source: Eurobarometer, Special Eurobarometer 460: Attitudes towards

the impact of digitisation and automation on daily life, 2017

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services

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Almost

half of general practitioners

used electronic means to exchange medical data and

prescribe medicines.

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

Use of medical data exchange, 2018 (% of general practitioners)

Source: Benchmarking

Deployment of eHealth among

General Practitioners Portal

N/A N/A

* The Netherlands did not participate in the exercise for 2018

** For Estonia the data was removed, because of low reliability

More than 40 % of general practitioners used electronic

networks to exchange medical data with other healthcare

providers and professionals.

One of the bottlenecks that prevents general

practitioners from exchanging patients’ data are the

compatibility problems that might be encountered with

the systems.

Denmark ranked first, having scored 98 %, with Sweden

following (81 %). Altogether 10 countries scored over

43 %. The rest had a much worse performance, with

Slovakia, Cyprus, Poland, Czechia and Romania having

scored below 20 %.

The use of electronic prescriptions has been

introduced to improve health care in the EU. So far,

half of general practitioners have used electronic

networks to transfer prescriptions to pharmacists.

Sweden scored 100 %, while Finland, Denmark,

Slovenia, Croatia Estonia and Latvia perform very

well (above 90 %). However, 7 countries (i.e. Malta,

Poland, Bulgaria, Ireland, Austria, Luxembourg and

Germany) have a lot of room for improvement. In

general, there is a big gap between the countries

that performed above the EU average and those that

performed below it.

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

Source: Benchmarking

Deployment of eHealth among

General Practitioners Portal

N/A N/A N/A N/A

* The Netherlands did not participate in the exercise for 2018

** For Greece, Portugal and Slovakia the data was removed,

because of low reliability

DESI Report 2019 – Digital Public Services