URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

Udenrigsudvalget 2017-18
URU Alm.del Bilag 66
Offentligt

THE PricE of

a PandEmic

2017

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

This report was produced the Global TB Caucus, an international network of over 2,000 members of parliament from more

than 130 countries dedicated to accelerating progress against the global tuberculosis (TB) epidemic. It is an update from the

“Price of a Pandemic” report initially published by the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Global TB (APPG TB) in 2015.

The data was produced by KPMG and the World Health Organization’s Global TB Programme, and commissioned with the

support of RESULTS UK. It shows the human and economic impact of TB in the period from 2000-2015 (the era of the

Millennium Development Goals) and the period 2015-2030 (the era of the Sustainable Development Goals).

We would like to thank Philippe Glaziou, Katherine Floyd, and Mario Raviglione from the World Health Organization’s Global

TB Programme who produced the epidemiological estimates that underpin this research.

We would also like to thank Dennis Tartakov and Yael Selin from KPMG who produced the macroeconomic

estimates found in this report. The full data set can be found online at the

www.globaltbcaucus.org.

We would like to thank the team at Johnson & Johnson who contributed the funding to commission this research.

Lastly, we would like to thank all our funders and supporters for their continued backing.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

from 2000-2015:

33 million PEoPlE diEd

bEcausE of Tb – aT a

global Economic cosT

of $617bn

from 2015-2030,

if EfforTs To TacklE Tb conTinuE aT THE

samE raTE of ProgrEss

28 million PEoPlE

will diE bEcausE of Tb –

aT a global Economic

cosT of $983bn

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

a oncE in a gEnEraTion oPPorTuniTy

There are many intractable problems in the world. Many conlicts that cannot be resolved and

alictions for which there is no cure. TB kills more people than any other infectious disease but

it is not unstoppable.

Simply by diagnosing everyone who has TB and ensuring that they get the best treatment avail-

able with existing medicines, remarkable progress could be made against the disease. With new

drugs entering regimens, new diagnostics on the horizon, and a renewed investment in vaccine

research, the tools necessary to end TB could be only a few years away.

The moral imperative for action is undeniable. TB kills more people every year than any other

infectious disease. People who are afected by TB face months, and sometimes years, of often

diicult treatment and many sufer long-term physical and psychological consequences from

the disease and the drugs used to treat it.

Yet there is also a profound economic aspect to TB. The disease can impose profound costs on

families, communities and entire countries, and is both a consequence and a cause of poverty.

This report seeks to present the macroeconomic costs of the TB epidemic and show that, with a

concerted efort to tackle the disease, political leaders could beneit from a signiicant economic

dividend.

TB is a global disease and demands a global response. 2018 will see world leaders come together

for the irst United Nations High-Level Meeting on TB at what will be a once in a generation

opportunity to transform the ight against TB. The potential rewards are enormous: millions

of lives saved, one of humanity’s greatest health threats beaten, and a boost of

hundreds of bil-

lions of dollars to the world economy.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

abouT Tb

TB is a disease caused by a bacterial infection. It is transmitted aerially via droplets

expelled when a sick person coughs or sneezes. TB is both treatable and curable, yet the disease

kills 1.7 million people a year.

Nearly 5,000 people die every day as a result of TB.

Five key Facts:

1. Tb is the worlds’ leading infectious killer,

claiming 1.7 million lives a year.

it is also the leading

cause of death for people living with Hiv and the

biggest infectious killer in human history.

2. While over half of the world’s tB cases occur in G20

countries,

Tb is also a leading infectious killer in

low-income countries (lics),

where it caused over

340,000 deaths in 2016 – more than Hiv/aiDs.

3. Tb is the only major drug-resistant infection transmit-

ted through the air.

Last year there were 600,000

cases of drug-resistant tB (DR-tB), and it was respon-

sible for nearly one-third of deaths from anti-microbial

resistance (aMR).

4. Nearly 40 per cent of all people afected by tB –

more than 4 million people every year

– are

never oicially diagnosed whilst many more start

but never complete treatment.

5. Given the considerable challenges of diagnosing and

treating tB,

the eicacy of the response to Tb is con-

sidered a key indicator of a country’s progress towards

universal Health coverage (uHc).

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

THE millEnnium dEvEloPmEnT goal 6c:

Have HaLteD By 2015 aND BeGuN to ReveRse iNciDeNce

oF MaLaRia aND otHeR MajoR Diseases

maP sHowing dEaTHs from Tb in brics

counTriEs in THE PEriod 2000-2015

–

Data FRoM WHo GLoBaL tB PRoGRaMMe

russia:

433,000

cHina:

1,122,000

braZil:

139,000

souTH africa:

1,626,000

india:

9,890,000

ProgrEss

global figurEs

Efective diagnosis and treatment of TB

saved an estimated 43 million lives between

2000 and 2014

The MDG target to halt and reverse

TB incidence was achieved worldwide,

in each WHO region, and in 16 of the 22

high-burden countries.

33 million people died in the period

2000-2015 and 171 million people

fell ill.

Despite the progress made during

the MDG period, at the end of it, TB

was the world’s leading cause of death

from an infectious disease.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

THE susTainablE dEvEloPmEnT goals 3.3:

“By 2030, eND tHe ePiDeMics oF aiDs, tuBeRcuLosis, MaLaRia aND

NeGLecteD tRoPicaL Diseases…”

maP sHowing dEaTHs from Tb in global Tb

caucus rEgions in THE PEriod 2015-2030 if

currEnT ProgrEss is mainTainEd

–

Date FRoM WHo GLoBaL tB PRoGRaMMe

EuroPE and cEnTral asia:

473,000

amEricas:

386,000

asia-Pacific:

14.2m

africa:

12.7m

28 million people will die from

TB from 2015-2030 with 161

million falling ill.

11.8 million deaths and 80

million cases will be in G20

countries.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

maP sHowing cosTs of Tb from 2000-2015

in ToP TEn mosT affEcTEd counTriEs

–

aLL FiGuRes 2016 usD, Data PRoDuceD By kPMG

africa:

$119bn

amEricas:

$35bn

asia-Pacific:

$363bn

EuroPE and cEnTral asia:

$100bn

russia:

$52bn

souTH korEa:

$12bn

JaPan:

$31bn

nigEria:

$45bn

cHina:

$59bn

PakisTan:

$17bn

braZil

$13bn

souTH africa:

$33bn

india:

$123bn

indonEsia:

$60bn

in the period from 2000-2015, Tb

cost the global economy an estimated usd$617bn

in lost economic output.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

–

aLL FiGuRes 2016 usD, Data PRoDuceD By kPMG, costs PReseNteD iF

cuRReNt Rate oF PRoGRess aGaiNst tB coNtiNues to 2030

maP sHowing cosTs of Tb from 2015-2030 in

ToP TEn mosT affEcTEd counTriEs

africa:

$303bn

amEricas:

$42bn

asia-Pacific:

$573bn

EuroPE and cEnTral asia:

$64bn

russia:

$32bn

nigEria:

$79bn

JaPan:

$20bn

cHina:

$60bn

PakisTan:

$14bn

indonEsia:

$124bn

india:

$253bn

souTH africa:

$132bn

THailand:

$18bn

bangladEsH:

$22bn

in the period from 2015-2030, based on a

“business as usual” scenario where current trends

continue over the next 15 years, Tb will cost the

global economy usd$983bn over two-thirds of

that ($675bn) will be in g20 countries.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

THE uniTEd naTions HigH-lEvEl

mEETing on Tb

Poverty and health are inextricably linked – poor health reduces productivity and the ability to

participate in the workforce, and health care expenses can drive families into poverty. That is why

world leaders agreed Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3: “Ensure healthy lives and promote

well-being for all at all ages” as an essential step to ending poverty. Yet one of the core components

of SDG 3, the target to end TB by 2030, will be missed by 150 years at the current rate of progress.

The High-Level Meeting on TB, then, comes at a critical juncture in the epidemic. If global resolve

to deliver the SDGs is strong enough to drive a step-change in the response to TB, we could yet end

the disease by 2030. If that resolve falters, however, even the current slow progress against the dis-

ease is by no means guaranteed to continue. The continuing development of drug-resistance could

absorb increasing proportions of national budgets. Co-infection epidemics with HIV - already

widespread – could be exacerbated by joint epidemics of TB and non-communicable diseases like

diabetes. Air pollution, overcrowded urban environments, and poor nutrition could increase the

susceptibility of millions of people to a disease which has consistently shown itself ready to make

the most of any vulnerability.

To beat TB each nation must coordinate a response across a range of government departments ad-

dressing social protection, inancing, education, health, and science and driven at the highest level.

Yet because TB does not respect national boundaries, these national responses must be coordinat-

ed if progress in one country is not to be undone by a neighbouring epidemic.

To demonstrate their resolve to deliver the SDGs, in recognition of TB’s status as the

world’s leading infectious killer, and to seize on the opportunity to save millions of lives

and hundreds of billions of dollars, we call on all Heads of State or Government to com-

mit to attending the High-Level Meeting on TB in 2018 and launch a renewed global ef-

fort to end TB.

URU, Alm.del - 2017-18 - Bilag 66: Materiale fra the Global TB Caucus til foretræde den 5. december 2017

fivE sTEPs To End Tb

–1–

Successfully ind and treat at least 10 million people

for TB PER year by 2022.

–2–

Close the TB funding gap and ensure suicient and

sustainable domestic and donor inancing.

–3–

Renew global support for TB innovation, including

supporting mechanisms to fast-track the development

and uptake of new drugs, diagnostics, vaccines and

interventions for TB.

–4–

Ensure all countries adopt and implement WHO

standards and guidelines and adopt people-centred

models of care.

–5–

Commit to a robust, independent accountability

mechanism at the Head of State level to monitor

progress towards ending TB.