Det Udenrigspolitiske Nævn 2016-17
UPN Alm.del Bilag 233
Offentligt
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13 March/mars 2017
COMMUNIQUE
PR/CP(2017)045
Defence Expenditure of NATO Countries (2009-2016)
NATO collects defence expenditure data from Allies on a regular basis and presents
aggregates and subsets of this information. Each Allied country’s Ministry of Defence
reports current and estimated future defence expenditure according to an agreed definition
of defence expenditure. The amounts represent payments by a national government
actually made, or to be made, during the course of the fiscal year to meet the needs of its
armed forces or those of Allies. NATO also makes use of up-to-date economic and
demographic information available from the Directorate-General for Economic and
Financial Affairs of the European Commission, and the Organisation for Economic Co-
operation and Development.
In view of differences between the definition of NATO defence expenditure and national
definitions, the figures shown in this report may diverge considerably from those which
are quoted by media, published by national authorities or given in national budgets.
Equipment expenditure includes both spending on major equipment and on Research &
Development expenditure devoted to major equipment. Personnel expenditure includes
pensions paid to retirees.
The cut-off date for information used in this report is 15 February 2017. Figures for 2016
are estimates.
The figures presented are the same as those published in the Secretary General’s
Annual Report 2016.
News and information is routinely placed on the NATO website. This includes audio files, transcripts and high resolution
photographs, which are posted as soon as possible after events of media interest. Check the 'What's New' file.
Nouvelles et informations sont régulièrement affichées sur le site Web de l'OTAN, sous la forme de fichiers audio, de
transcriptions et de photographies destinées à la publication. Elles sont disponibles le plus rapidement possible après les
événements présentant un intérêt pour les médias. Cliquer sur "Quoi de neuf?"
North Atlantic Treaty Organisation – Organisation du Traité de l’Atlantique Nord
Press & Media – Presse & Médias
B-1110 Bruxelles Belgique
E-mail: [email protected] – Tel.: 32 2 707 50 41 – Fax: 32 2 707 13 99 – Internet: www.nato.int
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
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Graph 1 : NATO Europe and Canada - defence expenditure
(annual real change, based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
%
4
3
2
1
0
-1
-2
-2.1
-3
-4
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
-3.0
-2.4
-2.4
-1.6
3.8
0.5
-1.0
40
%
Graph 2 : Defence expenditure as a share of GDP versus equipment
expenditure as a share of defence expenditure
2016
Equipment expenditure as % of defence expenditure
35
30
LUX
Median 1.21%
NATO guideline 2%
LTU
FRA
NOR
ITA
ROU
LVA
NLD
BGR*
DNK
PRT
HRV
GRC
EST
TUR
POL
GBR
NATO guideline 20%
USA
25
20
15
10
CZE
CAN
ESP SVK
HUN
DEU
ALB
Median 15.23%
5
0
0.0
0.5
BEL
SVN
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Defence expenditure as % of GDP
3.0
3.5
%
4.0
Notes: Figures for 2016 are estimates.
* Defence expenditure does not include pensions.
-2-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0003.png
Graph 3 : Defence expenditure as a share of GDP (%)
%
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2.36
2.18
2.17
2.01
1.79 1.69
1.55 1.49 1.46 1.41 1.38
1.30 1.21 1.20 1.16 1.14 1.12
1.11 1.11 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.01
0.91 0.90
0.42
3.61
(based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
NATO guideline 2%
2009
2016e
Graph 4 : Equipment expenditure as a share of defence expenditure (%)
%
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
27.65 27.24
(based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
25.79 25.08
25.03 24.48
22.56
22.35
20.40 20.24
NATO guideline 20%
18.06 17.86
15.30
15.23 14.91
14.14
13.50
13.00 12.55
12.41 12.21
9.43
8.01 7.37 7.23
4.65
1.03
2009
Notes: Figures for 2016 are estimates.
* Defence expenditure does not include pensions.
2016e
-3-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
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Graph 5 : Defence expenditure as a share of GDP (%)
(based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
%
7
6
United States
5.29
5
4
NATO Total
3.29
3.61
3
NATO Europe
2.01
NATO guideline 2%
2.43
2
1.47
1
0
2016e
2016e
1989
1990
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2010
2012
2013
2013
2014
2014
2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2015
2015
2001
1991
2011
2011
Graph 6 : NATO Europe and Canada - defence expenditure
(billion US dollars, based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
350
325
NATO Europe and Canada
300
275
250
225
200
1991
2000
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
1989
1990
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2010
2012
2001
Notes: Includes enlargements which took place in: 1999 (3 Allies), 2004 (7 Allies) and 2009 (2 Allies). Figures for 2016 are estimates.
-4-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
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Graph 7 : Defence expenditure
(billion US dollars, based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
1,200
1,071
1,014
1,000
278
275
800
266
261
258
254
256
265
1,012
966
920
883
867
892
600
400
794
739
746
705
662
629
611
627
200
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
North America
2013
2014
2015
2016e
NATO Europe
Graph 8 : Defence expenditure as a share of GDP (%)
(based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
5.5
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1.69
1.64
1.55
4.91
4.46
4.42
4.09
3.77
3.50
3.32
3.36
1.53
1.50
1.46
1.44
1.47
2009
2010
2011
2012
North America
2013
2014
NATO Europe
2015
2016e
-5-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0006.png
Graph 9 : Volume indices of GDP and defence expenditure
(2009 = 100 - based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
North America - GDP
NATO Europe - GDP
North America - Defence expenditure
NATO Europe - Defence expenditure
Graph 10 : Equipment expenditure as a share of defence expenditure (%)
(based on 2010 prices and exchange rates)
30
26.5
25
23.8
19.8
23.7
20.5
18.4
18.6
18.5
18.0
18.6
26.4
25.4
25.6
25.1
24.8
20
19.3
15
10
5
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
North America
2013
2014
2015
2016e
NATO Europe
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 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
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Table 1 : Defence expenditure
National currency units, million
2009
Current prices
Albania (Leks)
Belgium (Euros)
Bulgaria* (Leva)
Canada (Canadian dollars)
Croatia (Kunas)
Czech Republic (Koruny)
Denmark (Kroner)
Estonia (Euros)
France (Euros)
Germany (Euros)
Greece (Euros)
Hungary (Forint)
Italy (Euros)
Latvia (Euros)
Lithuania (Euros)
Luxembourg (Euros)
Netherlands (Euros)
Norway (Kroner)
Poland (Zlotys)
Portugal (Euros)
Romania (New Lei)
Slovak Republic (Euros)
Slovenia (Euros)
Spain (Euros)
Turkey (Liras)
United Kingdom (Pounds)
United States (US dollars)
17,356
4,048
1,273
21,828
5,356
59,656
23,252
254
39,190
34,171
7,311
298,620
21,946
227
289
145
8,733
38,960
23,323
2,692
6,785
972
575
12,196
19,603
37,357
757,466
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
19,321
3,960
1,230
19,255
5,057
50,808
25,328
251
39,241
34,925
5,966
280,895
21,637
189
246
187
8,472
39,279
25,608
2,673
6,630
859
583
11,132
21,241
39,053
720,423
19,877
3,956
1,066
21,808
5,323
43,131
24,259
280
38,443
34,630
4,934
295,967
21,741
206
248
167
8,156
40,534
26,979
2,627
7,255
766
479
10,059
22,807
39,204
740,744
19,820
4,023
1,099
19,978
5,059
42,780
25,618
340
39,105
36,168
4,384
297,650
20,600
193
252
167
8,067
41,560
28,365
2,366
7,282
794
423
10,828
24,956
36,563
712,947
19,022
3,964
1,196
18,764
4,848
42,035
23,682
361
39,402
34,593
3,999
286,341
20,078
212
267
176
7,702
43,518
28,467
2,457
8,160
729
382
9,495
27,466
39,824
680,856
18,788
3,913
1,102
20,076
4,625
41,003
22,769
386
39,199
34,749
3,939
281,402
18,427
221
322
190
7,788
46,234
31,874
2,263
9,014
752
366
9,508
29,727
39,902
653,942
16,671
3,803
1,116
19,431
4,586
47,264
22,633
423
39,199
35,898
4,190
315,928
17,642
254
425
225
7,816
46,894
39,940
2,376
10,337
889
361
10,000
32,522
38,940
641,253
16,540
3,908
1,187
20,608
4,151
47,760
23,657
454
39,895
37,598
4,155
353,097
19,980
366
575
224
8,234
50,893
37,209
2,541
10,738
908
404
10,104
36,321
42,081
664,058
Constant 2010 prices
Albania (Leks)
Belgium (Euros)
Bulgaria* (Leva)
Canada (Canadian dollars)
Croatia (Kunas)
Czech Republic (Koruny)
Denmark (Kroner)
Estonia (Euros)
France (Euros)
Germany (Euros)
Greece (Euros)
Hungary (Forint)
Italy (Euros)
Latvia (Euros)
Lithuania (Euros)
Luxembourg (Euros)
Netherlands (Euros)
Norway (Kroner)
Poland (Zlotys)
Portugal (Euros)
Romania (New Lei)
Slovak Republic (Euros)
Slovenia (Euros)
Spain (Euros)
Turkey (Liras)
United Kingdom (Pounds)
United States (US dollars)
* Data do not include pensions.
18,136
4,113
1,287
22,455
5,401
58,790
23,776
260
39,614
34,430
7,360
305,505
22,476
225
296
150
8,845
39,707
23,710
2,710
7,153
977
569
12,216
20,716
37,934
772,026
19,321
3,960
1,230
19,255
5,057
50,808
25,328
251
39,241
34,925
5,966
280,895
21,637
189
246
187
8,472
39,279
25,608
2,673
6,630
859
583
11,132
21,241
39,053
720,423
19,427
3,894
1,006
21,123
5,235
43,122
23,604
266
38,084
34,263
4,894
289,566
20,949
194
235
160
8,057
39,465
26,135
2,634
6,927
754
474
10,056
21,005
38,431
725,768
19,172
3,898
1,021
19,117
4,898
42,156
24,340
313
38,297
35,242
4,365
281,604
19,521
175
233
155
7,827
39,622
26,847
2,382
6,641
771
417
10,817
21,501
35,299
686,226
18,347
3,776
1,119
17,676
4,657
40,837
22,314
321
38,290
33,058
4,078
263,171
18,526
190
244
161
7,359
40,244
26,865
2,418
7,196
705
373
9,452
22,288
37,729
644,803
17,865
3,665
1,026
18,559
4,440
38,870
21,339
337
37,892
32,609
4,092
250,222
16,709
195
291
172
7,374
41,985
29,933
2,211
7,818
728
355
9,490
22,280
37,191
611,159
15,366
3,493
1,017
18,104
4,399
44,361
21,115
365
37,652
33,037
4,399
276,140
15,735
223
383
202
7,393
41,294
37,282
2,274
8,711
863
347
9,931
22,689
36,144
593,577
15,159
3,518
1,083
19,087
3,974
44,434
22,027
385
38,010
34,080
4,358
308,027
17,409
317
511
203
7,739
43,970
34,609
2,395
8,885
883
385
9,971
23,712
38,487
608,377
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 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
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Table 2 : Defence expenditure
Million US dollars
2009
Current prices and exchange rates
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
282,240
183
5,623
905
1,014
3,129
4,337
353
54,442
47,469
10,156
1,476
30,486
315
401
202
12,131
6,196
7,475
3,740
2,225
1,350
799
16,943
12,647
58,240
274,592
186
5,245
832
920
2,660
4,504
332
51,971
46,255
7,902
1,351
28,656
251
326
248
11,220
6,499
8,493
3,540
2,086
1,138
772
14,743
14,134
60,329
281,683
197
5,500
758
996
2,437
4,518
389
53,441
48,140
6,858
1,472
30,223
286
344
232
11,339
7,232
9,106
3,652
2,380
1,065
666
13,984
13,616
62,852
263,654
183
5,169
722
865
2,185
4,423
437
50,245
46,470
5,633
1,322
26,468
248
324
214
10,365
7,143
8,710
3,040
2,100
1,020
543
13,912
13,895
58,016
269,441
180
5,264
811
850
2,148
4,216
480
52,317
45,932
5,310
1,280
26,658
281
355
234
10,226
7,407
9,007
3,262
2,452
968
507
12,607
14,427
62,263
270,269
178
5,192
747
805
1,975
4,056
513
52,006
46,102
5,226
1,210
24,448
293
427
253
10,332
7,336
10,104
3,003
2,692
997
486
12,614
13,583
65,690
235,305
132
4,218
633
669
1,921
3,364
469
43,473
39,812
4,647
1,131
19,566
281
471
249
8,668
5,815
10,596
2,635
2,580
986
401
11,090
11,957
59,538
241,842
133
4,332
673
611
1,958
3,521
503
44,222
41,676
4,606
1,258
22,146
405
638
248
9,127
6,068
12,706
2,817
2,651
1,006
448
11,200
12,097
56,790
North America
Canada
United States
776,561
19,095
757,466
739,113
18,690
720,423
762,784
22,040
740,744
732,941
19,994
712,947
699,077
18,221
680,856
672,092
18,150
653,942
656,444
15,191
641,253
679,596
15,538
664,058
NATO Total
1,058,801
1,013,705
1,044,467
996,595
968,518
942,361
891,749
921,439
Constant 2010 prices and exchange rates
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
277,659
174
5,447
871
982
3,078
4,228
344
52,465
45,599
9,748
1,469
29,768
298
392
198
11,715
6,570
7,863
3,589
2,251
1,293
754
16,179
13,785
58,599
274,592
186
5,245
832
920
2,660
4,504
332
51,971
46,255
7,902
1,351
28,656
251
326
248
11,220
6,499
8,493
3,540
2,086
1,138
772
14,743
14,134
60,329
265,827
187
5,157
681
952
2,258
4,197
352
50,439
45,378
6,482
1,393
27,746
256
312
212
10,670
6,530
8,667
3,489
2,180
999
627
13,319
13,977
59,368
260,817
184
5,162
691
891
2,207
4,328
414
50,721
46,675
5,782
1,354
25,853
232
309
205
10,367
6,556
8,904
3,155
2,090
1,022
552
14,327
14,307
54,530
257,639
177
5,001
757
847
2,138
3,968
425
50,712
43,783
5,401
1,266
24,536
251
323
213
9,747
6,659
8,910
3,203
2,264
934
494
12,519
14,831
58,283
254,108
172
4,854
695
808
2,035
3,794
446
50,185
43,188
5,420
1,203
22,130
258
385
227
9,766
6,947
9,927
2,929
2,460
964
471
12,569
14,825
57,451
255,938
148
4,626
689
800
2,323
3,754
483
49,867
43,755
5,826
1,328
20,840
295
507
268
9,791
6,832
12,364
3,012
2,741
1,143
460
13,153
15,098
55,835
265,256
146
4,660
733
723
2,327
3,917
510
50,341
45,136
5,772
1,481
23,056
420
677
269
10,250
7,275
11,478
3,172
2,796
1,169
510
13,206
15,778
59,455
North America
Canada
United States
793,823
21,797
772,026
739,113
18,690
720,423
746,272
20,504
725,768
704,783
18,557
686,226
661,961
17,157
644,803
629,175
18,015
611,159
611,150
17,573
593,577
626,904
18,528
608,377
NATO Total
* Data do not include pensions.
1,071,482
1,013,705
1,012,099
965,599
919,600
883,283
867,088
892,160
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 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0009.png
Table 3 : Defence expenditure as a share of GDP and annual real change
Based on 2010 prices
2009
Share of real GDP (%)
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
1.69
1.52
1.16
1.74
1.62
1.52
1.34
1.80
2.02
1.39
3.08
1.14
1.42
1.21
1.07
0.40
1.42
1.54
1.70
1.53
1.33
1.52
1.59
1.13
2.06
2.46
1.64
1.56
1.08
1.64
1.54
1.29
1.40
1.70
1.96
1.35
2.64
1.04
1.35
1.06
0.88
0.47
1.34
1.52
1.77
1.49
1.24
1.27
1.61
1.03
1.93
2.48
1.55
1.53
1.05
1.32
1.60
1.07
1.29
1.68
1.87
1.28
2.38
1.05
1.30
1.02
0.79
0.39
1.25
1.51
1.72
1.49
1.28
1.09
1.30
0.94
1.76
2.41
1.53
1.49
1.05
1.34
1.53
1.05
1.32
1.90
1.87
1.31
2.29
1.04
1.24
0.88
0.76
0.38
1.23
1.47
1.74
1.41
1.22
1.09
1.17
1.04
1.76
2.18
1.50
1.41
1.02
1.46
1.47
1.03
1.20
1.91
1.86
1.22
2.21
0.95
1.20
0.93
0.76
0.38
1.16
1.48
1.72
1.44
1.28
0.98
1.06
0.93
1.75
2.29
1.46
1.35
0.97
1.32
1.41
0.95
1.13
1.96
1.83
1.19
2.21
0.87
1.08
0.94
0.88
0.39
1.15
1.52
1.85
1.31
1.35
0.99
0.98
0.92
1.70
2.19
1.44
1.16
0.91
1.26
1.37
1.04
1.10
2.09
1.80
1.18
2.38
0.93
1.01
1.04
1.14
0.44
1.13
1.47
2.22
1.32
1.45
1.13
0.94
0.93
1.67
2.08
1.47
1.11
0.91
1.30
1.21
1.01
1.14
2.18
1.79
1.20
2.36
1.02
1.11
1.46
1.49
0.42
1.16
1.55
2.01
1.38
1.41
1.12
1.02
0.90
1.69
2.17
North America
Canada
United States
4.91
1.39
5.29
4.46
1.16
4.81
4.42
1.23
4.77
4.09
1.10
4.42
3.77
0.99
4.08
3.50
1.01
3.78
3.32
0.98
3.58
3.36
1.02
3.61
NATO Total
3.29
3.04
2.98
2.82
2.65
2.50
2.40
2.43
Annual real change (%)
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
-3.22
-4.58
-5.82
-21.22
-11.12
10.17
-6.00
-13.41
-13.70
2.30
3.36
-12.10
-5.68
-31.77
-17.54
-3.50
1.36
3.65
9.49
5.03
-14.30
-1.74
-1.73
-4.63
-0.74
-0.90
-1.10
6.54
-3.70
-4.47
-6.38
-13.58
6.53
-3.53
-0.94
1.44
-18.94
-8.06
-3.73
-15.80
-16.85
25.03
-4.22
-1.08
8.00
-1.35
-7.31
-12.02
2.38
-8.87
2.54
2.95
-3.19
0.55
-1.68
-18.22
3.53
-15.13
-6.81
6.05
-2.95
-1.90
-17.97
3.09
-3.18
2.28
-4.31
-14.63
-4.90
0.47
2.06
-1.45
4.48
-12.23
-18.77
-9.66
-1.11
-1.59
-1.88
-1.32
0.10
1.54
-6.44
-2.24
3.12
17.67
0.56
2.86
-10.81
-2.75
-6.82
-9.56
-0.89
-3.12
-2.84
0.40
2.73
-9.56
-4.13
2.31
-11.91
7.57
2.36
-8.15
-1.22
-4.30
-3.11
9.53
-4.93
-3.13
-8.32
2.52
-0.02
-6.20
-6.59
-6.55
-5.09
8.31
4.60
4.07
-5.98
1.57
0.07
1.51
8.36
-8.63
-10.54
-12.62
3.66
6.88
-1.37
-2.62
-2.94
-8.28
-4.65
-4.82
-4.37
4.97
-1.04
-1.36
0.35
-4.92
-9.81
2.78
19.18
6.55
0.19
4.32
11.42
-8.56
8.63
3.23
-4.75
0.40
-0.04
-1.43
0.72
-13.99
-4.71
-0.84
-0.93
14.13
-1.05
8.42
-0.63
1.31
7.50
10.36
-5.83
14.34
31.73
17.67
0.26
-1.65
24.55
2.84
11.42
18.61
-2.38
4.65
1.84
-2.81
3.64
-1.35
0.74
6.48
-9.66
0.16
4.32
5.55
0.95
3.16
-0.93
11.55
10.63
42.14
33.53
0.32
4.69
6.48
-7.17
5.32
2.00
2.28
11.06
0.40
4.51
6.48
North America
Canada
United States
2.17
5.88
2.07
-6.89
-14.25
-6.68
0.97
9.71
0.74
-5.56
-9.50
-5.45
-6.08
-7.54
-6.04
-4.95
5.00
-5.22
-2.86
-2.45
-2.88
2.58
5.43
2.49
NATO Total
* Defence expenditure does not include pensions.
0.71
-5.39
-0.16
-4.59
-4.76
-3.95
-1.83
2.89
-9-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0010.png
Table 4 : GDP
2010 prices and exchange rates
2009
Real GDP (billion US dollars)
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
16,404
12
471
50
61
202
316
19
2,596
3,283
317
129
14
2,090
25
37
50
825
426
463
234
169
85
47
1,431
670
2,383
16,779
12
484
51
60
207
322
19
2,647
3,417
299
130
13
2,125
24
37
52
836
429
479
238
168
90
48
1,432
731
2,429
17,100
12
492
52
59
211
326
21
2,702
3,542
272
133
14
2,137
25
39
54
850
433
503
234
170
92
48
1,417
795
2,466
17,054
12
493
52
58
209
327
22
2,707
3,560
252
130
14
2,077
26
41
54
841
445
511
225
171
94
47
1,376
812
2,498
17,125
13
493
52
58
208
330
22
2,722
3,577
244
133
14
2,041
27
42
56
840
449
519
222
177
95
47
1,352
846
2,546
17,404
13
501
53
57
214
336
23
2,740
3,634
245
139
15
2,043
28
44
59
852
458
536
224
182
97
48
1,371
872
2,624
17,748
13
508
55
58
224
341
23
2,775
3,697
244
143
15
2,058
28
45
61
868
465
557
228
189
101
49
1,415
906
2,682
18,072
13
514
56
60
229
344
23
2,809
3,765
244
145
16
2,075
29
45
63
886
468
571
230
199
105
50
1,460
933
2,737
North America
Canada
United States
16,160
1,565
14,595
16,578
1,613
14,964
16,868
1,664
15,204
17,235
1,693
15,542
17,538
1,735
15,803
17,957
1,780
16,177
18,394
1,796
16,598
18,670
1,818
16,852
NATO Total
32,564
33,357
33,968
34,289
34,663
35,361
36,141
36,742
GDP per capita (thousand US dollars)
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
29.6
3.9
43.6
6.7
14.1
19.3
57.2
14.3
40.1
40.8
28.5
12.9
43.1
35.1
11.5
11.5
99.4
49.9
88.2
12.1
22.1
8.3
15.7
23.2
30.9
9.3
38.3
30.2
4.1
44.4
6.8
13.9
19.7
58.0
14.6
40.7
42.6
26.9
13.0
41.7
35.5
11.3
12.0
103.1
50.3
87.7
12.4
22.5
8.3
16.5
23.4
30.7
10.0
38.7
30.6
4.2
44.8
7.0
13.9
20.1
58.6
15.8
41.4
44.1
24.5
13.3
42.4
35.6
12.3
13.0
103.4
50.9
87.4
13.1
22.2
8.4
17.0
23.5
30.3
10.7
39.0
30.4
4.3
44.6
7.1
13.6
19.9
58.5
16.5
41.3
44.3
22.8
13.1
42.7
34.4
12.9
13.7
101.5
50.2
88.6
13.3
21.4
8.5
17.3
22.9
29.4
10.8
39.2
30.5
4.3
44.4
7.2
13.5
19.8
58.8
16.8
41.3
44.4
22.3
13.5
44.1
33.7
13.4
14.3
103.1
50.0
88.4
13.5
21.2
8.9
17.5
22.6
29.0
11.1
39.7
30.9
4.4
44.9
7.3
13.5
20.3
59.5
17.3
41.4
44.9
22.5
14.0
44.5
33.6
13.8
14.9
105.5
50.5
89.1
13.9
21.5
9.2
18.0
23.3
29.5
11.3
40.6
31.3
4.4
45.3
7.6
13.8
21.2
60.0
17.6
41.7
45.3
22.5
14.5
45.9
33.9
14.3
15.3
107.1
51.3
89.6
14.5
22.0
9.5
18.6
23.8
30.5
11.6
41.2
31.7
4.5
45.6
7.9
14.2
21.7
60.1
17.8
42.0
45.5
22.5
14.8
47.6
34.2
14.6
15.8
108.8
52.0
90.0
14.9
22.3
10.0
19.3
24.2
31.5
11.8
41.7
North America
Canada
United States
47.4
46.4
47.5
48.2
47.3
48.3
48.7
48.3
48.7
49.3
48.5
49.4
49.8
49.3
49.9
50.6
50.2
50.7
51.5
50.3
51.6
51.8
50.5
52.0
NATO Total
36.4
37.1
37.5
37.7
37.9
38.5
39.1
39.5
-10-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0011.png
Table 5 : Defence expenditure per capita and military personnel
2009
Defence expenditure per capita (2010 US dollars)
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
502
60
505
117
228
293
765
258
811
567
878
147
500
139
124
398
709
1,360
206
340
111
239
369
349
191
941
494
64
482
113
214
253
812
249
800
576
711
135
479
120
105
489
675
1,329
220
335
103
210
377
317
193
961
476
64
470
93
222
215
753
265
772
565
584
140
462
125
103
408
639
1,318
225
330
108
185
306
285
188
938
466
64
467
95
209
210
774
313
773
580
523
137
428
114
103
386
619
1,306
231
300
104
189
269
306
190
856
458
61
450
104
199
203
707
322
769
543
493
128
405
125
109
392
580
1,311
231
306
113
172
240
269
195
909
450
59
435
96
191
193
672
339
758
533
498
122
364
129
131
407
579
1,352
258
282
124
178
228
271
192
889
452
51
413
96
190
220
661
368
750
536
537
135
343
149
175
470
578
1,316
322
291
138
211
223
283
193
858
466
50
413
102
172
220
684
388
753
546
532
151
380
213
236
462
602
1,399
299
308
141
216
247
285
199
907
North America
Canada
United States
2,328
646
2,513
2,149
548
2,325
2,153
595
2,325
2,017
532
2,182
1,881
488
2,035
1,774
508
1,914
1,710
492
1,845
1,741
515
1,877
NATO Total
1,198
1,127
1,119
1,062
1,006
961
939
960
Military personnel (thousands)
NATO Europe
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
2,112
11
36
32
16
24
19
5
239
247
135
19
197
5
8
0.9
48
18
99
40
67
15
7
132
495
195
2,084
11
34
30
16
24
19
5
234
235
128
20
193
5
8
0.9
48
19
100
43
67
14
7
131
495
198
2,004
10
32
29
16
22
19
6
227
205
117
19
192
5
8
0.9
45
21
97
35
66
13
7
127
495
191
1,956
8
31
26
16
22
19
6
219
192
110
19
189
5
8
0.8
44
21
98
34
66
13
7
125
495
184
1,862
7
31
28
16
20
18
6
213
184
110
18
189
5
8
0.9
42
20
100
33
66
12
7
122
427
179
1,825
7
31
27
15
20
17
6
207
179
107
17
183
5
9
0.8
41
21
99
31
65
12
7
122
427
169
1,816
6
31
27
15
21
16
6
207
175
106
17
182
5
12
0.8
41
21
103
31
64
12
7
121
423
163
1,774
7
29
31
15
23
16
6
209
176
106
18
182
5
12
0.8
41
20
103
31
63
13
6
121
380
161
North America
Canada
United States
1,478
60
1,418
1,488
61
1,427
1,493
68
1,425
1,467
68
1,400
1,450
68
1,382
1,404
66
1,338
1,376
66
1,311
1,377
72
1,305
NATO Total
* Defence expenditure does not include pensions.
3,589
3,572
3,497
3,423
3,312
3,229
3,192
3,152
-11-
 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0012.png
Table 6a : Distribution of defence expenditure by main category
Per cent of total defence expenditure
2009
Equipment (a)
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Canada
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
11.29
8.23
14.21
12.80
10.21
22.39
9.93
17.94
26.98
17.56
27.75
12.67
11.33
5.42
16.15
17.40
17.57
19.19
15.88
8.75
8.71
13.23
8.50
17.39
25.61
21.91
24.10
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
15.69
6.79
15.41
13.81
8.12
12.42
14.10
11.88
30.20
17.59
17.98
12.10
10.92
15.62
10.00
34.45
15.70
18.13
18.13
13.20
8.80
9.81
18.00
12.10
27.98
24.47
24.02
13.36
6.27
6.33
9.67
15.79
13.30
9.68
10.11
28.17
16.41
5.86
12.29
11.74
10.78
9.38
21.86
14.43
17.04
16.13
12.07
7.57
7.15
5.70
6.74
24.57
22.01
26.99
14.44
3.57
3.68
8.31
14.72
14.78
9.03
13.69
30.58
16.45
7.47
5.84
8.87
10.45
11.20
17.11
13.41
17.76
15.16
9.34
4.14
9.56
1.20
22.86
21.21
19.54
26.97
16.29
2.82
4.52
11.16
10.72
9.49
11.26
14.48
28.56
12.74
12.06
11.08
12.51
12.09
9.23
14.57
12.57
18.89
13.90
8.65
10.71
7.39
1.27
12.37
26.89
21.89
25.83
16.65
3.52
1.03
13.03
7.35
6.53
10.99
22.15
24.74
12.94
8.17
7.76
10.92
7.55
14.06
22.61
10.68
21.17
18.84
8.43
15.77
11.12
0.66
13.49
25.08
22.82
25.97
8.92
3.42
3.47
13.06
10.58
11.75
11.50
13.94
25.03
11.93
12.77
8.17
9.72
13.60
21.55
33.33
11.16
22.48
33.06
8.73
19.65
18.28
1.86
14.82
25.13
21.75
25.41
8.01
4.65
12.55
18.06
7.37
7.23
12.41
13.50
24.48
12.21
14.91
13.00
20.24
17.86
27.65
27.24
14.14
25.08
25.79
9.43
20.40
15.30
1.03
15.23
22.35
22.56
25.03
Personnel (b)
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Canada
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
66.20
74.47
59.21
45.27
72.42
46.11
56.29
34.53
49.34
53.19
56.52
50.43
73.89
59.31
60.90
57.01
50.08
42.39
61.08
75.31
79.80
55.82
67.07
58.67
49.61
37.48
46.92
75.66
75.54
64.30
45.30
71.56
50.66
50.81
34.51
47.64
52.66
65.07
56.35
75.08
55.91
65.60
45.63
52.28
42.69
56.79
70.18
79.07
62.39
61.69
63.38
49.75
35.65
46.70
77.07
75.88
67.36
47.11
67.17
56.28
52.22
32.28
49.35
52.29
76.03
50.64
74.78
51.31
66.87
52.29
54.66
43.43
57.80
78.30
79.11
69.47
74.63
64.81
53.02
37.55
33.01
69.97
78.52
64.71
49.10
68.13
61.66
49.05
29.75
49.11
50.60
73.19
47.69
77.05
56.15
66.78
54.23
57.54
42.38
57.34
78.39
84.00
66.53
78.91
57.19
56.02
38.90
32.12
75.25
77.06
65.37
52.44
68.06
62.03
51.74
39.83
49.23
49.86
74.56
48.96
75.00
52.98
66.53
51.10
58.53
41.02
57.70
79.85
78.99
70.14
80.52
68.25
54.58
37.85
34.38
68.05
77.84
72.84
50.90
69.25
61.40
51.27
38.62
48.53
50.67
77.18
49.77
76.41
52.97
57.53
49.31
56.50
39.36
51.45
81.27
71.15
69.14
82.31
67.34
56.88
36.59
35.45
78.15
78.16
73.66
47.21
63.64
55.25
52.01
39.05
47.79
49.86
70.04
48.27
77.55
50.06
48.49
42.77
55.51
38.71
41.96
82.07
63.30
56.24
82.22
65.18
56.82
36.80
36.64
67.33
77.10
64.31
45.81
68.49
58.47
50.28
38.19
47.87
48.35
69.93
50.21
69.15
44.88
46.08
43.69
51.77
36.31
46.82
77.98
64.33
58.65
75.93
64.02
58.73
34.79
36.68
* Defence expenditure does not include pensions.
(a) Equipment expenditure includes major equipment expenditure and R&D devoted to major equipment.
(b) Personnel expenditure includes military and civilian expenditure and pensions.
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 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
1753253_0013.png
Table 6b : Distribution of defence expenditure by main category
Per cent of total defence expenditure
2009
Infrastructure (a)
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Canada
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
3.68
2.24
6.06
3.06
1.54
3.89
1.23
9.97
2.17
4.75
0.84
3.88
1.45
6.36
2.36
3.13
3.39
5.49
4.98
0.80
1.39
4.49
3.18
2.26
2.87
2.23
0.97
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016e
1.81
1.75
2.39
4.11
1.42
5.79
1.07
13.73
3.13
5.16
0.76
2.07
1.40
5.78
1.97
4.16
3.47
5.24
3.96
0.43
1.81
4.22
2.67
1.25
2.84
1.62
0.97
0.78
1.69
1.53
5.48
0.71
2.51
1.45
13.57
2.68
4.13
1.26
1.31
1.31
9.29
1.37
7.18
3.77
4.22
4.80
0.01
1.47
1.01
2.61
1.88
2.91
1.64
3.14
0.64
1.59
0.76
5.47
0.57
1.61
1.24
8.85
3.42
3.53
0.79
2.11
1.02
4.16
1.47
8.20
3.70
4.86
4.76
0.04
1.19
0.37
2.02
0.85
3.70
1.91
2.38
1.17
2.21
0.47
4.12
1.21
2.72
1.16
11.54
2.30
3.55
0.63
2.32
1.57
6.26
2.04
11.81
2.74
5.64
5.62
0.04
1.16
0.29
1.33
0.67
2.72
2.04
2.08
0.86
1.81
0.63
3.81
1.63
2.34
0.97
8.20
2.33
3.75
1.10
1.07
1.40
8.89
2.17
10.26
4.77
6.00
5.47
0.11
1.09
0.57
0.65
0.66
2.77
1.95
1.71
1.40
0.93
1.27
5.68
2.62
3.32
1.09
8.34
2.80
3.60
0.77
0.64
1.30
6.64
2.16
7.79
3.19
5.60
4.74
0.25
1.27
1.99
0.61
0.97
2.56
1.63
1.45
1.84
0.95
0.57
5.24
2.02
2.90
2.13
11.21
2.70
3.39
0.49
2.27
1.04
10.02
5.78
11.81
3.90
7.57
5.17
0.06
2.81
3.75
1.15
1.02
2.54
1.99
1.43
Other (b)
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria *
Canada
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Spain
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
18.83
15.05
20.52
38.88
15.83
27.60
32.55
37.55
21.51
24.49
14.88
33.02
13.33
28.92
20.59
22.46
28.96
32.94
18.06
15.14
10.10
26.46
21.25
21.68
21.91
38.38
28.01
6.83
15.93
17.91
36.77
18.91
31.13
34.02
39.89
19.03
24.58
16.19
29.47
12.60
22.69
22.43
15.76
28.55
33.93
21.12
16.19
10.32
23.58
17.63
23.26
19.43
38.26
28.30
8.79
16.15
24.78
37.75
16.33
27.91
36.65
44.04
19.80
27.17
16.84
35.76
12.17
28.62
22.39
18.67
27.14
35.31
21.27
9.62
11.85
22.38
17.05
26.58
19.49
38.80
36.86
14.95
16.31
30.85
37.12
16.58
21.95
40.68
47.71
16.89
29.42
18.55
44.35
13.06
29.23
20.56
20.46
25.34
35.00
22.73
12.22
10.68
23.55
17.87
19.11
19.07
39.64
38.53
7.30
17.91
29.64
32.28
20.01
25.75
35.84
34.14
19.91
33.84
12.75
37.64
10.93
28.68
22.20
22.52
26.16
34.45
22.78
11.46
9.13
22.19
16.88
18.71
15.80
38.22
37.72
14.44
16.83
25.51
32.26
21.78
29.73
36.78
31.03
24.40
32.63
13.55
41.40
11.27
30.59
26.24
17.82
28.05
33.46
24.24
10.19
11.98
19.16
16.38
18.50
15.27
38.63
36.87
11.53
17.49
21.60
34.05
23.16
29.67
35.40
38.67
24.37
34.61
16.42
42.91
11.42
29.69
27.79
16.11
30.14
33.21
20.24
8.95
15.78
23.49
15.31
19.03
15.49
39.82
36.51
22.82
17.31
22.56
30.89
22.13
31.40
35.19
37.10
24.96
36.05
14.67
34.52
9.56
27.24
20.49
17.25
30.20
31.05
22.22
12.53
12.45
22.31
21.90
19.72
16.38
40.66
36.86
* Defence expenditure does not include pensions.
(a) Infrastructure expenditure includes NATO common infrastructure and national military construction.
(b) Other expenditure includes operations and maintenance expenditure, other R&D expenditure and expenditure not allocated among above-mentioned categories.
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NATO defence expenditure
NATO defines defence expenditure as payments
made by a national government specifically to
meet the needs of its armed forces or those of
Allies.
A major component of defence
expenditure is payments on Armed Forces
financed within the Ministry of Defence (MoD)
budget. Armed Forces include Land, Maritime
and Air forces as well as Joint formations such as
Administration
and
Command,
Special
Operations Forces, Medical Service, Logistic
Command etc. They might also include "Other
Forces" like Ministry of Interior troops, border
guards, national police forces, customs,
gendarmerie, carabinieri,
coast guards etc. In such
cases, expenditure should be included only in
proportion to the forces that are trained in
military tactics, are equipped as a military force,
can operate under direct military authority in
deployed operations, and can, realistically, be
deployed outside national territory in support of
a military force. Also, expenditure on Other
Forces financed through the budgets of
ministries other than MoD should be included in
defence expenditure.
Pension payments made directly by the
government to retired military and civilian
employees of military departments should be
included regardless of whether these payments
are made from the budget of the MoD or other
ministries.
Expenditure for peacekeeping and humanitarian
operations (paid by MoD or other ministries),
the destruction of weapons, equipment and
ammunition, and the costs associated with
inspection and control of equipment destruction
are included in defence expenditure.
Research and development (R&D) costs are to
be included in defence expenditure. R&D costs
should also include those for projects that do not
successfully lead to production of equipment.
Expenditure for the military component of
mixed civilian-military activities is included, but
only when this military component can be
specifically accounted for or estimated.
Financial assistance by one Allied country to
another, specifically to support the defence effort
of the recipient, should be included in the
defence expenditure of the donor country and
not in the defence expenditure of the receiving
country.
Expenditure on NATO Common infrastructure
is included in the total defence expenditure of
each NATO country only to the extent of that
country's net contribution.
War damage payments and spending on civil
defence are both excluded from the NATO
definition of defence expenditure.
NATO uses United States dollars (USD) as the
common currency denominator. The exchange
rate applied to each Ally is the average annual
rate published by the International Monetary
Fund (IMF). The values for defence expenditure
are expressed in current prices; constant prices;
current prices and exchange rates; as well as
constant prices and exchange rates.
Note to readers:
Prior to 2010, the defence data relating to France
is indicative only. Iceland has no armed forces.
For countries of the Euro zone, monetary values
in national currency are expressed in Euros for
all years. The Slovak Republic adopted Euros
from 2009, Estonia from 2011, Latvia from
2014, and Lithuania from 2015.
To avoid any ambiguity, the fiscal year has been
designated by the year which includes the highest
number of months: e.g. 2015 represents the fiscal
year 2015/2016 for Canada and United Kingdom
and the fiscal year 2014/2015 for the United
States. Because of rounding, the total figures may
differ from the sum of their components.
Conventional signs:
e
-
..
//
|
.
estimated
nil
not available
not applicable
break in continuity of series
decimal point
-
14
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 UPN, Alm.del - 2016-17 - Bilag 233: Svar på spørgsmål vedr. de nordiske landes forsvarsbudgetter de seneste 20 år
Nomenclature of NATO defence expenditure:
1
1.1
1.1.1
1.1.2
1.1.3
1.2
1.2.1
1.2.2
1.3
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.4
1.4.1
1.4.2
1.4.3
1.4.4
1.4.5
1.4.6
2
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.1.4
2.1.5
2.1.6
2.1.7
2.1.8
2.1.9
2.1.10
2.1.11
2.2
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
3
3.1
3.2
4
5
6
7
Operating costs
Military personnel
Pay and allowances
Employer's contributions to retirement funds
Other
Civilian personnel
Pay and allowances
Employer's contributions to retirement funds
Pensions
Paid to military retirees
Paid to civilian retirees
Operations and maintenance
Ammunition and explosives (excluding nuclear)
Petroleum products
Spare parts
Other equipment and supplies
Rents
Other operations and maintenance
Procurement and construction
Major equipment
Missile systems
Missiles (conventional weapons)
Nuclear weapons
Aircraft
Artillery
Combat vehicles
Engineering equipment
Weapons and small arms
Transport vehicles
Ships and harbour craft
Electronic and communications equipment
National military construction
NATO
common infrastructure
Expenditure as host country
Payments to other countries
Receipts from other countries
Land and utilities
Research and development
Devoted to major equipment
Other
Other expenditure
Total
Statistical discrepancy
Adjusted total
Main categories of defence expenditure:
-
Equipment (Table 6a) – lines 2.1 + 3.1
-
Personnel (Table 6a) – lines 1.1 + 1.2 + 1.3
-
Infrastructure (Table 6b) – lines 2.2 + 2.3
-
Other (Table 6b) – lines 1.4 + 3.2 + 4
-
15
-