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The Use of Solitary Confinement

as a Disciplinary Measure

Monday, 3 April 2017

Copenhagen, Denmark

Bryggervangen SS

Conference Program

DIGNITY

DANISH

INSTITUTE

AGAINST TORTURE

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Weicome by the Director-General

DIGNITY

Danish Institute Against Torture

Dear distinguished guests,

It is my honour and detight to welcome you to DIGNITY and to this conference on the use of

solitary confinement as a disciptinary measure. I am thrilted to anticipate hearing so many tocat

and international voices today on this pressing issue.

As we know, the critical discussion about the negative health consequences ot so[itary

confinement, both

ifl

Denmark and abroad, stretches back for decades and will continue for the

foreseeabte future.

Sotitary confinement has been characterised by inmates as ‘being buried alive’ and as a social

death’. ts well-documented physical, psycho[ogical and sociaL health consequences tend

considerable strength to these ctaims. Human rights protection against isolation has been

strengthened by the Mandeta Rutes. This is why DIGNITY and others continue to advocate for

abotishing the use of sotitary confinement for children and other vulnerable groups, and timiting

the measure to exceptionat cases in alI other instances.

Today’s program, through the contributions and engagement of our experts and participants, wiLl

exptore tour areas significant in further understanding the use of solitary confinement, both in

Denmark and internationatty: international legal standards, health consequences, Danish practice,

and experiences

reform and best practice from other countries.

As DIGNITY, I invite you to share in what has long been our spirit ifl guiding one another,

exchanging ideas, experiences and perspectives, and working together across disciplines and

institutions in fighting against excessive use of isolation.

would like to thank you for your time and efforts today.

I wish you a productive and engaging conference.

Dr Karin Vertand

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Objectives of the Conference

In light of the normative devetopments and the scientific evidence, DIGNITY seeks to influence the political

and public discourse about the use ot solitary confinement as a disciplinary measure in Denmark and abroad.

DIGNITY, therefore, will share state-of-the-art research and best practice about internationaL legat standards

on this question and evidence about the health consequences of isolation. To this end, key observations and

recommendations from each panel discussion will be published atter the conference and wilt specificatty be

taken forward to Danish authorities with a view to reducing the use and duration of solitary confinement as a

disciplinary measure in Denmark.

Four issues central to the reform of sotitary confinement wiLL be examined:

1. What are the international Legal standards regarding solitary confinement as a disciplinary measure?

Recognising the consensus regarding the severe health consequences, international legat standards now

provide a definition ot isolation, narrow its justifications, reduce time durations and strengthen safeguards.

Focusing on the recent developments in the

Mandeta Rutes,

this panel wilL draw

UOfl

institutionat experiences

in documenting and advocating for the proper implementation of the international rules.

What are the health consequences of solïtaiy confinement?

Extensive research reveats that sotitary confinement can inflict mentat, somatic and social damage, increase

the liketihood of suicide, distort social identity and sense of self, and create or exacerbate mentat ittness even

when used for a short duration. During this panel, we will exptore the relationship between the aspects of

solitary confinement and the extent of harm. We wilt focus on the centratity of ‘meaningful human contact’ to

psychologicat health, and the importance ot the provision of health care in such settings.

How is solitary confinement used as a discip[inaiy measure (strafcette) in Denmark and

what are areas of concern?

Danish law

(Sentence Enforcement Act)

continues to permit the use of solitary confinement as a disciplinary

measure, involving long time limits of up to four weeks, tor both adults and children. Moreover, the recent

amendment to this act regarding the use of mobile phones in prisons has increased the use and the duration

of this measure. Drawing on a wealth of local experience, this panel wilL explore the dynamics of how solitary

confinement is used as a disciplinary measure in Denmark and discuss points of concern.

4. What are the international experiences using atternatives and reducing the use of sotitary confinement as a

disciplinary measure?

Comparable countries, namety Norway and Sweden, have long abolished the use of solitary confinement

as a disciplinary measure in their legislation. Other reforms have focused on the restriction of entry criteria,

etfectiveness ot complaint and oversight mechanisms, changes in law and prison culture to achieve lasting

progress. With these as points of departure, this panel ot experts will present the chattenges and atternatives in

reducing the use of sotitary confinement.

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Program for the Day

08.30

09.00

Registration

Wetcome

Karin VerLand, Director-General of DIGNITY

—

Danish

Institute Against Torture

09.15

Panet 1: What are the internationaL LegaL standards regarding solitary confinement

as a disciptinaiy measure?

Sir Matcotm Evans, Chair of the United Nations Subcommittee on Prevention of

Torture and other Crue[, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment fSPT), and

Professor of Public International Law at the University of Bristol on ‘The evolving

internationa’ legal framework governing the use of sotitary confinement as a

disciplinary sanction and the jurisprudence ot the SPT’

James McManus, Member of the Council of Europe’s Committee for the Prevention

of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment fCPT), and former

Professor of Criminal Justice at Glasgow Caledonian University on ‘The CPT and

Sotitary Confinement as a Disciplinary Sanction’

Stephanie SeLg, Advisor on Torture Prevention at the Organisation for Security

and Co-Operation in Europe (OSCE) on ‘Regulation of Solitary Confinement as a

Disciplinary Measure in the Mande[a Rules’

Moderator: Therese Marie Rytter, Director of the Legal Department, DIGNITY and

Member of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture tCPT)

10.30

11.00

Refreshment Break

PaneL 2: What are the heatth consequences of sotitary continement?

Jens Madvig, Chair of the United Nations Committee against Torture, and Director

ot Health Department at DIGNITY on ‘An Overview of Health Impacts of Solitary

Confinement’

Ida Koch, Psychotogist, and Member of the Isolation Group, on ‘The Danish

Experience: The mentat and physical consequences of so[itary confinement’

Sharon Shatev, Research Fellow at the University of Oxford, and Fellow at the

Mannheim Centre for Criminotogy, London School of Economics and Potiticat

Science, on ‘What makes solitary confinement harmful and can these harms be

mitigated?’

Peter Scharff Smith, Professor, Department of Criminotogy and Sociotogy ot Law

at the University of Oslo, and Member of the Scandinavian Solitary Confinement

Network on ‘Researching and debating the effects of solitary confinement from the

l9th century untit today’

Moderator: Marie Høgh Thøgersen, Deputy Director of the Rehabilitation Department

and Chief Psychologist, DIGNITY

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12.15

13.15

Lunch

Panel 3: How is sotitary confïnement used as a disciptinary measure fstrafcette) ïn

Denmark and what are the areas of concern?

Annette Esdorf, Director of the Centre for Execution of Sentences, Denmark’s Prison

and Probation Service, on ‘The Use of Sotitary Confinement as a Disciptinary Measure

in Denmark’

Morten Engberg, the head of the Danish Parliamentary Ombudsman’s Monitoring

Department in charge of inter aha NPM monitoring of p(aces ot detention on ‘NPM

Monitoring of Punishment Cetis in Denmark’

Jonas Christoffersen, Director ot Danish Institute for Human Rights and member of

Denmark’s NationaL Preventive Mechanism (NPM) on ‘Use of Strafcelle in Denmark:

Human Rights Concerns’

Bo Sørensen, Forbundssekretær, Fængsetsforbundet on Practicat considerations

behind decisions about strafcetle’

Moderator:

Tomas Max Martin, Researcher, Prevention of Torture in Detention,

D G N ITY

14.45

15.15

Refreshment Break

Panel 4: What are the internationat experiences using atternatives and reducing

the use of sotitary confinement?

Jamie Bennett, Governor of HMP Grendon Et Springhitl, EngLand, and Editor ot the

Prison Service Journaton <Resisting Supermax: Rediscovering progressive approaches

to the management of high risk prisoners>

Are HøidaL, Governor of Halden Prison, Norway, on ‘Prisoner Association as an

Lessons Learned trom a Norwegian High

Alternative to Solitary Confinement

Security Prison’

Keramet Reiter, Assistant Professor ot Criminotogy, Law and Society at University

of California, Irvine, on ‘Lessons and Liabilities in American Sotitary Confinement

Reform’

Peter Scharff Smith, Professor, Department of Criminotogy and Sociotogy of Law

at the University of Oslo, and Member ot the Scandinavian Sotitary Confinement

Network on ‘Research and reform the story of pre-triat solitary confinement in

Den mark’

Moderator:

Andrew Jefferson, Senior Researcher, Prevention of Torture in Detention,

DIG N TY

16.30

Conctusions and Recommendations

Jens Modvig, Chair of the United Nations Committee aga inst Torture, and Director

of Health Department at DIGNITY

Etna Søndergaard, Senior Legat Advisor, Legat Department, DIGNITY and Lecturer at

the Facutty of Law at the University of Copenhagen

17.00

End of Conference

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...

Speaker Biographies

number of senior

Jamie Bennett fPh.D.) has worked in prisons since 1996 and held a

e is editor of

positions. He is currently Governor of HMP Grendon & Springhitl. Jami

reviews covering

the Prison Service Journal and has published over 100 articles and

ent, and the

topics inciuding: prisons and the media, social inequatity and imprisonm

recent of which

development of managerialism. He has produced five books, the most

tocat cuttures

are the monograph The working tives of prison managers: gtobat change,

and the

and individuat agency in the tate modern prison (Palgrave MacmiDan, 2015)

Jewkes

second edition of Handbook on Prisons (Routtedge, 2016), edited with Yvonne

and Ben Crewe.

Human

Jonas Christoffersen (Ph.D.) has been the executive director of the Institute for

en University

Rights since 2009. He holds a doctorate degree in law from Copenhag

rcher at the

and is an admitted lawyer (1998). Jonas has previous(y worked as a resea

and

University of Copenhagen (2000-2008), judge at the High Court (2006-2007)

Danish and

assistant judge ot the Supreme Court (1998-1999). Jonas is an expert on

chaltenge

international human rights law and has recently published on the democratic

of human rights, the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, and the European Conventi

on Human Rights.

Morten Engberg, the head of the Danish Parliamentary Ombudsman’s Monitorin

Department in charge of inter aha NPM monitoring of places of detention.

for

Annette Esdorf has been the Director of the Center tor Strattutdbyrdelse (Centre

since

Sentence Enforcement) within the Danish Department ot Prisons and Probation

Problems

2015. Since 1997, she is a Danish expert at the European Committee of Crime

She is an external

(CDPC, Council of Europe) and national hiaison officer for the CPT.

degree

examiner at the University of Copenhagen’s Law Faculty. After obtaining a law

tion

from the University ot Copenhagen, she worked as a public prosecutor and investiga

has been

officer tor the Parliamentary Ombudsman (1975-1980). Since 1980, she

Deputy

working with the Danish Department of Prisons and Probation, inchuding as its

Director-Generat (1997-2015).

University of

Sir Matcotm Evans (D.Phil) is Professor of Public International Law at the

inciude both

Bristol, UK where he has taught since 1988. His areas of legal speciahism

field

international human rights protection and the international law of the sea. In the

and the

of human rights his particutar interests concern torture and torture prevention

written

protection of religious tiberty under international law, on both of which he was

ofTorture

extensivety. He became a member otthe UN Subcommittee tor the Prevention

to 2015 he was

(the SPT) in 2009 and since 2011 has been serving as its Chair. From 2014

the Chairperson of the Meeting of Chairs of UN Human Rights Treaty Bodies.

le for

Marie Høgh Thøgersen (Ph.D.) is Chief Psychologist at DIGNITY and responsib

rehabilitation

research and monitoring clinical outcomes at its highly specialized

trauma

clinic for traumatized refugees. She specializes in the treatment of PTSD and

le with

and in analyzing, developing and implementing clinical interventions for peop

years as a

PTSD and other severe mental illness. Before DIGNITY, she worked for five

ting a crisis

Chief Consultant at Copenhagen Social Service administration, implemen

intervention service and advising policymakers on best-practice.

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Are HøidaL has worked in the Norwegian Correctional Services for 30 years

. He has had

various senior positions over the years at alI levets in the agency, including

11 years as

governor twarden) of Oslo Prison and now governor ot Halden Priso

n since 2009. Are

graduated in law ifl 1987 and then started in the Norwegian Correctio

nal Services.

Andrew M. Jefferson (Ph.D.) is Senior Researcher at DIGNITY. He speci

aUzes in the

ethnographic study of prisons and prison reform processes in the globalsout

h particularly

in states undergoing transition. Empiricat and anatytic work on prison

c[imates and the

politics of reform aim to better groufid interventions almed at inhibiting

torture

ifl

ptaces

of detention. He is co-convenor of the GLobal Prisons Research Netw

ork and has just

begun a five-year cottaborative research project

Ofi

Legacies of Detention

in Myanmar.

He is author (with Liv Gaborit) of Human Rights in Prisons: comparing

institutionat

encounters in Kosovo, Sierra Leone and the Phitippines (Palgrave Macm

itlan, 2015).

From 1975 to 2008, Ida worked as an associate professor in crimiflotogy at

the University

of Copenhagefi. She has also worked as a therapist and supervisor with child

ren, youth

and families for more than 35 years. For more than two decades, she has atso been

active

in the NGO field, inctuding with the Danish Legat Poticy Association (Dan Retsp

o[itisk

Forening), and with the Isotationsgrupp and the Scafidiflaviafi Network, work

ing for

the abotition of the use of solitary confinement. Ida has published main

Ifl Danish,

inctuding: isolationens psykiske og sociale følgevirkninger’, i Ume

nnesketighedefis

Ansigter, red.: 5. Ganes, J. K. Genefke m.fL Amnesty Internationat,

1983; “Isolation af

varetægtsfængstede” (med M. Pedersen) i Retspotitisk Status, red.:

H. Lokdam og F.

Balvig. DJØFs Forlag, 1988; ‘Isolation en ptet på det danske retssystem

’ i Retspolitiske

Udfordringer, red.: J. Jepsen og J. Lyhne. Gjellerups Forlag, 2003. On the

topic of solitary

confinement, she has authored ‘Mentat and Social Sequetae of Isolation:

The evidence

of deprivatiofi experiments and of pre-triat detention ifl Denmark’ in The Expa

nsion of

European Prison Systems, Working Papers in European Criminology, nr.7.

1986 (edited

by Bill Rolston and Mike Tomlinson).

—

Ida

Koch (M.A.) is a Danish psychotogist speciatising in ctinicat psychology

and supervisio

Tomas Max Martin (Ph.D.) is specialized in developmeflt studies and priso

n sociology

with a focus on the tocalization ot human rights, reform processes and

bureaucratic

practice

primarily in an East Africafi and South Asian context and with an apptied,

but criticat approach. As a trained anthropotogist with a Ph.D. ifl Developm

ent Studies,

Tomas has considerable capacities and competencies in quatitative resea

rch methods

and fieldwork within state institutions in transition. As a founding member

of the Global

Prisons Research Network, he has a vast network of peers and colleagues Ifl

the research

field of detention and reform. His research at DIGNITY Danish Institute Agai

nst Torture

enables him to professionally occupy the nexus between academia and

practice and

participate active[y in an international research environment around deten

tion, torture,

human rights and development. He has broad knowtedge of social deve[opm

ent issues

and have worked with human rights-based approaches to development

and project

management within the justice sector and with state and civit society partn

ers in the

Global South. Tomas is working on a five-year collaborative project on

Legacies of

Detention in Myanmar together with Andrew Jefferson.

—

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Prevention of Torture tCPT) etected in respect of the United Kingdom. James

was, until

recentty, also Protessor of Criminal Justice at Glasgow Caledonian University

. He is a

Scottish lawyer who has been involved in prison related issues since the tate

1960s,

initially as a prison visitor and after-care hostel resident, then as an academic

researcher,

consultant to the English Prisons Inspectorate, a member, subsequently chair

, of the

Parote Board for Scotland and the first Scottish Prisons Complaints Commiss

ioner

(Ombudsman). He has been an expert with CPT since 1992 and a member ot

the

committee for the last seven years. He chaired the sub-group of the CPT whic

h drafted

the substantive section ot the 2lst Annuat report dealing with solitary contineme

nt.

Jens Modvig

tPh.D.) is the Director of Health Department at DIGNITY, Cllni

cat Associate

James McManus

(PhD.) is a member of the Council of Europe Committe

e for the

Professor at the University of Copenhagen and Chair of the United Nations Com

mittee

against Torture. Jens’ prior assignments include being the Director of the

UN Office

in Belgrade (2007-2008). the Deputy Head of Mission of the OSCE Mission

in Kosovo

(2004-2007) and the Secretary General of the International Rehabilitation Council

for

Torture Victims fIRCT, 2000-2004). Since 2009, Jens has been a member of

the Advisory

Board of Tor-ture Journal and a participant in the build-up and implemen

tation of the

Danish National Preventive Mechanism fNPM) under the Optional Protocol

to the UN

Convention Against Torture. He is the author of several publications, inctuding

‘Violence,

tor-ture and sexual abuse in prisons’ (ifl: Health in Prisons, WHO Europe region,

2014) and

‘Torture and Refugees (in: Uma A Segal and Doreen El[iott (eds.), Refugees Worl

dwide

Votume 3: Mentat Health, pp. 33—48. Praeger 2012). Jens holds a Ph.D. in

Public Health

Epidemiology from the University of Copenhagen.

& Society and at the School of Law at the University of California, Irvine. Her resea

rch

focuses on prisons, prisoners’ rights, and the impact of prison and punishmen

t policy

on individuats, communities, and legat systems. She uses a variety of meth

ods in her

work—including interviewing, archival and legal anatysis, and quantitative data

anatysis—

in order to understand both the history and impact of criminat justice polic

ies, from

medical experimentation on prisoners and record clearing programs to the

use ot

long- term solitary confinement in the United States. She is co-editor of the

anthology

Extreme Punishment: Comparative Studies in Detention, Incarceration,

and Sotitary

Confinement. Her book, 23/7: Pelican Bay Prison and the Rise of Long-Term

Solitary,

on the history and uses ot U.S. super-max prisons was published by Yale Univ

ersity Press

in 2016.

Danish Institute against Torture.

She is a tawyer with twenty years of experience in the flelds of internatio

nal human

rights, torture prevention, detention monitoring and criminal justice secto

r reform

in democratic, conflict and post-conflict societies. Therese is atso a mem

ber of the

Councit of Europe Committee for the Prevention of Torture CCPT), expert

to the United

Nations Subcommittee on Prevention ofTorture (SPT) and the OSCE Human Dime

nsion

Mechanism. In these capacities, Therese has monitored States’ comptianc

e with their

human rights obligations, advised governments on how best to adhere to

their human

rights commitments, and undertaken numerous inspections ot places of deten

tion. In

the academic field, Therese has been a lecturer on international human right

s law and

has published on criminal justice, human rights and tor-ture prevention.

—

Keramet Reiter

(Ph.D.) is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Crim

inotogy, Law

Therese Maria Rytter

is the Legal Director of DIGNITY

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Peter Scharff Smith

(Ph.D.) is Professor, Department of Criminology and Sociology of

Law at the University of Oslo. He has studied history and social science, holds a Ph.D.

from the University of Copenhagen and has also done research at the University of

Cambridge and the University of Oslo. He has pubtished books and artictes in Danish,

English and German on prisons, punishment and human rights, including works on prison

history, prisoner’s children and the use and effects of solitary confinement in prisons. He

has atso published books and articles on the history ot the Waften-SS and the Nazi war

of extermination at the Eastern Front. Peter has atso authored ‘The Effects of Sotitary

Confinement on Prison Inmates: A Brief History and Review of the Literature’ (Crime

and Justice 2006). In Danish, he is the co-author of

Fængsler Og Menneskerettigheder

(with Hans Jørgen Engbo, DJØF, 2012 (‘Prisons and Human Rights’)) and, most recentLy,

Varetægtsfængsting: Danmarks härdeste straf?

(with Janne Jacobsen, DJØF: 2017

(‘Remand: Denmark’s toughest punishment?’)).

Stephanie Setg

is a Swiss jurist, specialized in international human rights, humanitarian

and comparative constitutional law. She is currentty the OSCE/ODIHR Adviser on Torture

Prevention. From 2012 to 2015, she worked as the assistant to the UN Special Rapporteur

on Torture and other Cruet, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, Prof. Juan

Mendez, Washington DC. In 2011 she served as a legal adviser to the Eu[ex Human

Rights Review Panel in Kosovo and from 2009 2010 as a legal adviser and senior legal

adviser to the Temporary International Presence in Hebron (TIPH), Palestine. In 2010

Stephanie worked as a consultant for the Swiss Forum for Human Rights and in 2007 she

volunteered as a legal researcher for BADIL, Resource Centre for Palestinian Residency

and Refugee Rights, Patestine. Stephanie hotds a Masters in Law of the University of Baset

and the certificate for transnationa[ taw from the University of Geneva, Switzerland. She

is a member of the Swiss expert pooL for civilian peace building and the association of

democratic jurists of Switzerland.

—

Sharon Shalev

(LLM, Ph.D.) is a human rights activist and criminotogist. She is a Research

Associate at the Centre for Criminology, University of Oxford, an Associate at the

Mannheim Centre for Criminotogy, London School of Economics and Politicat Science

(LSE), and Independent Expert at SotitaryConfinement.org. Over the past 20 years

Sharon’s key research interest has been its use in prisons and other places of detention,

and she has authored various pubtications on the subject, including the

Sourcebook on

Solitary Confinement, a practitioner’s guide to the heatth etfects of sotitary confinement

and to human rights and professionat standards retating to its use. Her award winning

book, Supermax: controtting risk through sotitary confinement

(Willan, 2009) provided

an early in-depth took into the rise, inner-workings and consequences of supermax

prisons in the United States. Her recent study, ‘Deep Custody: Segregation Units and

Ctose Supervision Centres in England and Wales’ (2015) was conducted with the UK

based Prison Reform Trust, and offers a comprehensive look into segregation (sotitary

confinement) practices in England and Wales. She is currently completing a review of

the use of sotitary confinement and restraint across ditferent detention contexts in New

Zea tand.

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Professor at the Law Facutty, University of Copenhagen. Etna prevlousty work

ed as a

tega[ advisor with UNRWA, the OM, and as an Associate Professor at the

American

University in Cairo, Damascus University, and the University of Jordan.

She is a member

of the Danish Bar Association. Previousty, Elna worked as a tegat researcher

for BADIL,

Resource Centre for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights. Elna has pub[

ished mainty

on the Palestinian issue, inciuding Ciosing Protection Gaps: Handbook

on Protection of

Patestinian Refugees in

States

Signatories to the 1951 Refugee Conv

ention

(Badit, 2005)

and a chapter entitted ‘Time tor Triat’ in Daanish Faruqi fed.),

Cape David to

Cast Lead:

Essays on Israel, Pat estine and the Future (2011). With DIGNITY, Elna was respo

nsible for

establishing and running its Jordan office, 2009 to 2011.

Bo Sørensen,

Forbu ndssekretær, Fængselsforbundet (Prison Union), has

been emp[oyed

Elna Søndergaard

is the Senior Legat Advisor at DIGNITY. She is atso an

Associate Law

as a prison guard in the Nyborg State Prison for 14 years. He has in recen

t years been

associated with punishment, isolation and special secured department.

In 2007, he was

e[ected chairman of the locat branch of the Prison Union and union

representative. In

addition to negotiations with the tocal government and participation

in Prison Union’s

executive committee and congresses, he has been dealing with workers’

compensation

and damages, disciplinary cases, sick teave, early retirement municipat

matters, work

and media coverage of [abor relations in the Prison Service. In 2013,

Bo was e[ected

as Federal Secretary for the closed prisons. In 2015, he was reappointe

d as Federal

Secretary ot the Congress.

Karin Verland

has been Director-Genera[ of DIGNITY since 2011 and is

a[so a member of

the Danish National Preventive Mechanism. Previous[y, Karin held vario

us management

positions inctuding as Director of Pfizer Denmark from 2001 to 2009

. Karin graduated

as a medical doctor from the University of Copenhagen and worked

initia[[y at the

Rigshospitalet and at Frederiksberg Hospital. Karin has atso been

a board member

in a number of organisations, currently including Justitia. She has previ

ously been a

nominated member of the Danish Council on Ethics (Det Etiske

Ràd). She has pubtished

a number of editorials and artictes.

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DIGNITY

DANISH

INSTITUTE

AGA)NST TORTURE

Join the discussion on Twitter

@DignityDK

#soLitaryconfinement

*We express our grattude to Sharon Shate

v whose book Supermax provided the nsptration for the cove

r design.

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DIGNITY Danish Institute Against Torture

Bryggervangen 55, DK 2100 Copenhagen Ø

Tel. +45 33 76 06 00

Fax +45 33 76 05 10

[email protected]

www.dignityinstitute.dk

CVR nr. 69735118

1002304764

EAN 5790000278114

LOK nr. 5790001376147

Danske Bank Nr. 4183-4310821209

DIGNITY

INSTITUTE

AGAINST TORTURE