Europaudvalget 2015-16
EUU Alm.del Bilag 662
Offentligt
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Roberta Mungianu
The Dublin System: Current Status and Future
Directions
25 May 2016
The European Affairs Committee at Folketinget
Landstingssalen, Christiansborg
Roberta Mungianu
Faculty of Law, University of Copenhagen
Centre for Comparative and European Constitutional
Studies (CECS)
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 1
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
Content of the presentation
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The Dublin system until today
2015 Emergency relocation mechanism
Alternatives to the current Dublin system
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 2
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
The Dublin system up until today
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1990 Dublin Convention
on responsibility for asylum
applications
Aim: abolishing the internal borders within the EU
Rationale: Avoidance of multiple asylum applications in each
Member State; necessity of establishing common rules to
determine the Member State responsible for an application
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FIRST PHASE Common European Asylum System (CEAS):
Regulation (EC) No. 343/2003 setting up rules on responsibility
for asylum applications (Dublin II Regulation)
The instrument did not apply to subsidiary protection
applicants; amendments to the hierarchy of criteria for
responsibility; acceleration of the procedure for transferring
asylum seekers between Member States
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 3
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
The Dublin system up until today
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SECOND PHASE CEAS
To increase the level of harmonization of the asylum legislation
within the EU; avoid wide divergence in recognition rates; avoid
differences between the grant of refugee status and the grant
of subsidiary protection status
Regulation (EU) No. 604/2013 (Dublin III Regulation)
Extended to cover all applications for international protection
(not only asylum applications)
Amended family reunification rules
Right of information for applicants for international
protection (etc.)
Controversial criterion for the allocation of responsibility,
Article 13(1):
responsibility to the first Member State which
an asylum seeker enters without authorisation from a third
country; responsibility ceases 12 months after the irregular
border crossing takes place
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 4
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
The Dublin system up until today
Shortcomings:
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No redistributive effect/ not a burden sharing mechanism by
design
Concentration of protection applicants only on specific
Member States (also but not exclusively
Article 13(1) Dublin
III)
Lack of correct implementation of the legislation across
Member States
High rates of absconding during the procedures
Multiple applications/secondary movements
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Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 5
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
2015 Emergency relocation mechanism
Council Decisions of September 2015 (applied until
September 2017): relocation of 160000 protection seekers
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Provisional measures in the area of international protection
for the benefits of Italy and Greece
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Emergency relocation between Member States on a
voluntary basis
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Operational support to Italy and Greece through the
deployment of EASO, Frontex and other Agencies for the
joint processing of applications for international protection
(hotspots)
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Temporary derogation from Article 13(1) Dublin III
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Shortcomings:
17 Dec 2015: 76 asylum seekers relocated from Greece; 15
Dec 2015: 134 asylum seekers relocated from Italy
Capacity to register and process asylum applications to be
increased (especially by Greece); Member States should reduce
the response time to relocation applications submitted by the
Greek and Italian authorities; Member States should increase
their pledges under the relocation programme (COM(2015)679
Sted og
final;
dato
COM(2015) 678 final)
Slide 6
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 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
Alternatives to the current Dublin system
1. Protection seekers choose in which Member State have their
applications dealt with
2. The current Dublin system supplemented by a corrective
fairness mechanism (COM(2016) 197 final)
3. Responsability not with the Member State of first
application, but on the basis of a distribution key reflecting
the absorption capacities of the Member State; immediate
relocation or return, if third-country nationals arrives from
safe third country (hotspot model) (COM(2016) 197 final)
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 7
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
Alternatives – May 2016 Commission Proposal
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Current criteria for the allocation of responsibility under
Dublin III are maintained, including the irregular entry
criterion
Article 13
+ corrective allocation mechanism
(‘streamlining the Dublin Regulation’, Commission Proposal
2016/0133 (COD))
Intended goals, according to the Proposal:
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1. More equitable distribution of the protection burden
2. No shift of responsibility between Member States – once
Member State is determined responsible, it must remain
responsible
3. Reducing the time limits for the different steps of the Dublin
procedure to grant access of an applicant to the asylum
procedure
4.Preventing secondary movements by posing obligations on
the applicants
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 8
 EUU, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 662: Materialer og program fra Europaudvalgets krydsforhør om migration, Schengensamarbejdet og Dublinforordningen, 25. maj 2016
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Roberta Mungianu
Thank you
Christiansborg, 25 May 2016
Slide 9