EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

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R E S U LTS R E P O RT

ASIA

AFRICA

NORTH AMERICA

SOUTH AMERICA

EUROPE

World Wide Views on Climate and Energy

F RO M TH E WO R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO TH E C L I M ATE A N D E N E R GY P O L I CYM A K E R S A N D STA K E H O L D E R S

1 0 0 0 0 C IT I Z E N S, 9 7 D E BAT E S I N 76 CO U NTR I E S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

ARGENTINA

CHINESE TAIPEI - TAINAN

ZAMBIA

WORLD WIDE VIEWS ON CLIMATE AND ENERGY

From the world’s citizens to the climate and energy

policymakers and stakeholders

WWViews on Climate and Energy has succeeded, thanks to

the exemplary efforts of the national and regional partners

in the WWViews Alliance and the support of their sponsors.

We are especially grateful to the French Ministry of Ecology,

Sustainable Development and Energy (MEDDE), the French

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development

(MAEDI), the Presidency of the French National Assembly,

the French National Commission for Public Debate (CNDP),

RESULTS REPORT

Published by the Danish Board of Technology Foundation,

Missions Publiques and the French National Commission

for Public Debate, September 2015

13 French Regions through the Association des Régions de

France (Aquitaine, Auvergne, Basse-Normandie, Centre-Val-

de-Loire, Franche-Comté, Guadeloupe, Haute-Normandie,

EDITORS:

Bjørn Bedsted, Global Coordinator of WWWViews

and Head of DBT International at the Danish Board of

Technology Foundation

Yves Mathieu, Co-coordinator of WWViews on Climate

and Energy and Director of Missions Publiques

Christian Leyrit, Co-coordinator of WWViews on Climate

and Energy and President of the French National

Commission for Public Debate (CNDP)

ISBN 978-87-91614-04-0

Photos: WWViews partners

Map: Dixen Design

Illustration: [email protected]

Design: Dixen Design

This Results Report is available for download at

climateandenergy.wwviews.org

Île-de-France, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Poitou-Charentes,

Provence-Alpes-Côte-d’Azur, La Réunion, Rhône-Alpes), ENGIE

(GDF Suez), the German Federal Environment Agency, the

European Space Agency (ESA), the Fondation de France, the

Socialist and European Greens (EELV) groups of the French

Senate, the Danish KR Foundation, the Norwegian Ministry

of Climate and Environment, Grenoble-Alpes Métropole and

the city of Paris. These donations made the global coverage

and scope of WWViews on Climate and Energy possible. We

are especially indebted to the United Nations Framework

Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) secretariat, which

has taken an active part in initiating and implementing this

global citizen consultation. Finally, we would like to express

our sincere gratitude to all the citizens around the world who

participated in WWViews on Climate and Energy.

Climate neutralized

WWViews

c/o The Danish Board of Technology Foundation

Toldbodgade 12

DK-1253 Copenhagen K

Phone: +45 33320503

E-mail: [email protected]

Preface

Executive summary

Key findings

About the World Wide Views on Climate and Energy

World results graphic

List of national and regional partners

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

IRAN

BARBADOS

GERMANY

This Results Report is published by the Danish Board of Technology, Missions Publiques and the French

National Commission for Public Debate. It has been prepared based on input from WWViews partners

and with special support from following experts and WWViews partners:

Alexander Saier

Andreas Hastrup Clemmensen

Antoine Vergne

Benjamin Jullien

Bjørn Bedsted

Carmen Bouley de Santiago

Christian Leyrit

Emma Bothorel

Félix Fournier

Gerard Wynn

Holly Borday

Hortense Philipot

Joanna Rosemond

John Stian Haukeland

Marie Hemmingsen

Nanna Finne Skovrup

Rahul Karki

Rick Worthington

Sophie Engelmann

Typhanie Scognamiglio

Yasushi Ikebe

Yves Mathieu

UNFCCC

The Danish Board of Technology

Missions Publiques

European Climate Foundation

The Danish Board of Technology

Missions Publiques

CNDP

GWG Energy

The Danish Board of Technology

CNDP

Saint Lucia National Trust

The Danish Board of Technology

ForestAction

Pomona College

CNDP

Missions Publiques

Japan Science and Technology Agency/Miraikan

Missions Publiques

Germany

Denmark

France

Denmark

France

United Kingdom

Denmark

France

Saint Lucia

Denmark

Nepal

USA

France

Japan

France

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

26 debates in Europe

31 debates in Africa

19 debates in the Americas

10 000 CITIZENS, 97 DEBATES

IN 76 COUNTRIES

COU NTRI ES PARTICI PATI NG I N WORLD WI DE

VI EWS ON CLIMATE AN D EN ERGY

• AFGHAN ISTAN

•

ARGENTI NA

BAHAMAS

BANGLADESH

BAR BADOS

BEN I N

BOSN IA-H ERZEGOVI NA

BRAZI L

BU R KI NA FASO

BU RU N DI

CAMEROON

CANADA

CAPE VER DE

•

C HAD

C H I LE

C H I NA

COMOROS

COSTA R ICA

DENMAR K

DOMI N ICAN R EPU BLIC

DR CONGO

ETH IOPIA

FIJ I

FRANC E

GABON

GAMBIA

•

GEORGIA

GERMANY

GHANA

GR EEC E

GR ENADA

GUATEMALA

GUYANA

HAITI

I N DIA

I N DON ESIA

I RAN

ITALY

JAPAN

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

21 debates in Asia Oceania

Including 13 islands

•

KENYA

KUWAIT

MADAGASCAR

MALAYSIA

MALI

MAU R ITAN IA

MAU R ITI US

MOROCCO

MOZAMBIQU E

MYANMAR

N EPAL

N IGER

N IGER IA

PAKISTAN

•

PALESTI N IAN TER R ITOR I ES

PERU

PH I LI PPI N ES

PORTUGAL

ROMAN IA

RUSSIA

RWAN DA

SAI NT LUC IA

SEN EGAL

SEYC H ELLES

SOUTH AFR ICA

SOUTH KOR EA

SPAI N

SR I LAN KA

•

TOGO

TU N ISIA

TU R KEY

UGAN DA

U K - SCOTLAN D

USA

VI ETNAM

ZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

PREFACE

World Wide Views on Climate and Energy (WWViews on Climate and Energy) is a global democratic

deliberation on climate change and energy transition. It gathered citizen views on international climate

change and energy policy issues and disseminated them to policymakers involved in the UNFCCC

negotiations. It is part of the ambition and ongoing efforts by partners in the World Wide Views Alliance to

help close a widening democratic gap between citizens and policymakers as policymaking grows increasingly

global in scale.

overnments have committed to promote “public

participation in addressing climate change and its

effects and developing adequate responses”, under Article

6 (now called Action for Climate Empowerment, ACE) of

the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC).

WWViews on Climate and Energy contributes to this by

giving citizens worldwide a platform for stating their

views on how to deal politically with climate change and

the energy transition. While experts, industries, strong

interest groups and NGOs have found ways to influence

and interact with international negotiations, ordinary

citizens have practically no role in this process. By

introducing the views of citizens into the negotiation

process and surrounding debates, policymakers will have

a better basis for making decisions in tune with informed

public opinion. Furthermore, by including citizens in an

informed and structured exchange of views, they are

more likely to take an interest in climate change and

energy issues, to feel more ownership of decisions, and

consequently more inclined to support the

implementation of those

decisions.

WWViews establishes a model

for the future inclusion of the

world’s citizens in global

policymaking. In principle,

the project design can enable

all nations on Earth to take part in producing comparable

results that can be clearly communicated to policymakers.

WWViews on Climate and Energy implemented 97

debates involving around 10,000 citizens in 76 countries

spanning five continents. The citizens gathered in their

respective countries to deliberate about some of the core

issues at stake in the ongoing, international discussions

and negotiations about how to deal with climate change.

They received balanced information about climate change

and energy, discussed the issues with fellow citizens and

voted individually on the questions presented to them.

They did so at daylong meetings on June 6, 2015.

This report analyses their answers and presents some of

the most significant results, which can be studied in

greater detail at climateandenergy.wwviews.org. The

report is aimed at policymakers and stakeholders with

prior knowledge about climate change and energy issues,

and written by the WWViews coordinators in cooperation

with 106 national and regional WWViews partners.

We hope that political decision makers will make use of

the unique insights

presented by WWViews on

Climate and Energy, and

We are very excited that World Wide Views on

carefully consider the

Climate and Energy is being organized and

views of the citizens when

happy to collaborate with such an important

formulating the climate

initiative. Bringing forward the views and the

change and energy

voices of citizens from across the globe can only

policies for the future.

contribute to a positive new universal climate

agreement in Paris in December. In supporting

this unique and novel approach, we believe we are

also making an important contribution to Article

6 of the Convention as it relates to education and

public awareness.

”

“

Christiana Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC,

on the WWViews on Climate and Energy.

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CAMEROON

INDIA

September 2015

Bjørn Bedsted, Global Coordinator of WWViews and Head of

DBT International at the Danish Board of Technology

Foundation

Yves Mathieu, Co-coordinator of WWViews on Climate and

Energy and Director of Missions Publiques

Christian Leyrit, Co-coordinator of WWViews on Climate and

Energy and President of the French National Commission for

Public Debate (CNDP)

MAURITANIA

ITALY - TOSCANA

CANADA – MONTRÉAL

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CHILE

GEORGIA

BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA

DENMARK

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

he results from the global citizen consultations on

climate change and energy are clear: there is strong

public support for political action in order to agree on

reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit the global

temperature increase to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-

industrial levels.

The WWViews results are based on well-established

principles for citizen participation and offer unique and

detailed insights into lay people’s views on climate change

and energy and the question of how to implement global

policies to deal with these issues. The participating citizens

coming from 76 countries were selected to reflect the

demographic diversity of their respective countries and

regions. They were provided with unbiased information

about climate change and energy and about the

international discussions on policy measures to handle

these issues. Citizens were given time to deliberate with

each other in order to develop their opinions.

Although results differ from country to country, there are

only minor differences between continents and between

developed and developing countries. Interestingly, young

and adult participants vote quite similarly. The

participating citizens voted on 34 predefined questions.

Following the WWViews Day national and regional

partners, experts and civil society representatives gathered

in Copenhagen to analyze the results. In this report we

focus on the key findings in the participants’ responses to

these questions. These are:

“We were delighted to co-initiate this debate and citizen

consultation and bring the voice of the ordinary woman and man

into the climate negotiations. Many cities, companies and NGOs

are voicing their support for a transformational agreement in Paris.

The view of citizens is also crystal clear – they see the threats and

they see the opportunities: the vast majority wants action now,

and they want action that is sustained over the long term to bend

the emissions down to zero by the end of the century along with

support for developing countries for their efforts.”

Christiana Figueres,

Executive Secretary of the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

FRANCE- FRANCHE COMTÉ

FIJI

BANGLADESH

BAHAMAS

CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

Citizens worldwide want their leaders to commit to ambitious climate action

Citizens want zero emissions by the end of the century

The COP21 Paris Agreement needs to open a credible path to limit global warming to

no more than 2 degrees

Climate change is an opportunity to improve life quality

Introduce carbon taxes and invest in renewable energy

CHAPTER 2: COMMON BUT DIFFERENTIATED RESPONSIBILITIES AND RESPECTIVE CAPABILITIES

The ‘North-South’ gap is closing

Countries should assume responsibilities based on their respective capabilities and

emission levels

All countries must take action to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions

CHAPTER 3: FINANCING CLIMATE ACTION

The private sector should contribute significantly to climate finance

10. High-income countries should scale up their climate finance commitments

CHAPTER 4: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

11. Citizens want to take an active part in reducing greenhouse gas emissions

12. Citizens expect to take part in deciding on climate policies

WWViews results can be studied in detail at climateandenergy.wwviews.org

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

The timeline

2014

The idea

Early 2015 and onwards

February – April 2015

April – May 2015

May 2015 and onwards

June 6, 2015

June 6, 2015 and onwards

2015

The WWViews design and selecting the partners

Questions and information material for the citizens

Selecting the participating citizens and organizers trainings

The web tool

WWViews Day

Making the citizens’ views heard

ABOUT WORLD WIDE VIEWS ON CLIMATE AND ENERGY

The idea

World Wide Views on Climate and Energy is co-initiated

by the United Nations Framework Convention on

Climate Change (UNFCCC) secretariat, the Danish Board

of Technology Foundation (DBT), Missions Publiques

(MP), and the French National Commission for Public

Debate (CNDP), with the support of the French

Government host of COP21.

The WWViews method is a unique and innovative

way of engaging citizens in climate and energy policy

discussions, thereby promoting and facilitating public

participation in addressing climate change and its

effects.

The Danish Board of Technology has developed the

WWViews method in response to the emerging

democratic gap between global policymakers and

citizens, as more issues (such as desertification,

biodiversity, climate change and energy transition), and

thus decisions, become global in scale. The method was

first developed for the UN climate summit (COP15 of the

UNFCCC) in 2009 in order to involve citizens in a debate

otherwise heavily dominated by scientists, politicians

and powerful interest groups. In 2012 it was again

successfully implemented in collaboration with the UN

Secretariat to the Convention on Biological Diversity’s

(CBD) as part of the negotiation process leading up to

the biodiversity COP11 in India.

Inasmuch as citizens will have to live with the decisions

made about how to address climate changes and energy

transition, we believe it only would be fair to consult

them as part of the ongoing negotiations. Furthermore,

the approval and cooperation of citizens worldwide is

critical for decisions to be implemented successfully. In

democratic and functional terms, climate and energy

policies will not work effectively if they do not enjoy

public support.

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

AFGHANISTAN

COMOROS

GREECE

The WWViews design

The WWViews design was developed in response to

the practical challenges of making global citizen

participation possible. The following criteria were

considered essential:

●

Cheap and easy: The method had to make it

feasible for potentially all countries in the world

to participate, regardless of income and general

education level.

Clear link to policymaking: It had to address issues of

immediate relevance to policymakers.

Both global and national: It had to pertain to both

national and global decision-making.

Clear and comparable results: Results had to be

comparable across countries and regions and they

had to be easy to communicate to policymakers.

Informed citizens: Citizens had to be provided with

the balanced information required to understand the

issues debated among policymakers.

Deliberation: Citizens should be given the

opportunity to discuss their views with each other

before reaching their own conclusions.

In order to meet these objectives groups of citizens

(approximately 100) meet in their respective countries

or regions to deliberate on an identical set of questions,

using identical meeting designs and information

material and the different meetings and their results

are linked through an online web tool.

The WWViews method provides policy makers with

in-depth information about trends in national and

international opinions but differs in important ways

from conventional opinion polls. Unlike opinion polls,

the WWViews method provides respondents with

balanced and scientifically based information as well

as an opportunity to deliberate for a full day with other

citizens prior to rendering their judgments. Thus,

it encourages the exploration of more substantive

questions and well-considered responses, allowing

policy makers to assess which policies will be well

received if people are properly informed about the

rationale behind them.

The method used for WWViews on Climate and Energy

has been adjusted in various ways, based on evaluations

from partners participating in WWViews on Global

Warming in 2009 and WWViews on Biodiversity in 2012

and scientific observations published in the following

years.

●

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

TRAINING SEMINAR IN PARIS

Selecting the partners

The WWViews national and regional partners have

been responsible for organizing WWViews meetings

in their respective countries or regions. To become

partners they should preferably:

●

from the World Wide Views Alliance collaborated

in WWViews on Climate and Energy arranging 97

deliberations in 76 countries spanning five continents.

Some partners were self-financed but several partners,

especially from developing countries benefited greatly

from the financial support of Ségolène Royal, the

French Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development

and Energy, which providing financial support to 61

countries. Many of these partners were identified

thanks to Laurent Fabius, the French Minister of

Foreign Affairs and International Development, who

mobilized French Embassies and their diplomatic

network to select local organizers. This support secured

an unprecedented global coverage. Consequently,

WWViews on Climate and Energy is the largest global

citizen consultation ever.

have some experience with citizen participation

methods

be unbiased with regards to climate change and

energy transition

be able to follow the common guidelines

self- or co-finance their participation in WWViews

●

First, partners already part of the World Wide Views

Alliance were invited to join. This global network

of partners typically includes public councils,

parliamentary technology assessment institutions,

non-governmental civil society organizations, and

universities. It is a network of partners sharing the

ambition of making public participation an integral

part of global governance. The network was established

for WWViews on Global Warming and WWViews on

Biodiversity and has now been supplemented with

a number of new partners worldwide. 106 partners

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

Questions and information

material for the citizens

The questions posed to the citizens worldwide were

selected so as to be of direct relevance to the ongoing

international discussions about how to deal with

climate change and with a view to provide decision

makers with information about public opinion on

different policy measures to do so. WWViews partners,

industry groups, civil society representatives and

climate experts were involved in selecting the questions

in order to ensure their relevance. The questions had

to be identical in all countries in order to allow for

cross-national comparisons. To ensure comparability of

results and clear communication to policymakers, the

questions and response choices were predefined. 29 of

the 34 questions chosen were clustered in 5 themes:

●

A Scientific Advisory Board was established to review

whether the information given in the booklet was

accurate, sufficient, and balanced, considering the

questions that citizens deliberated on, and both

questions and information material were tested in

four focus group interviews in Japan, The United States

of America, France and Uganda. This design assured

the input of experts as well as ordinary citizens in the

development of the questions to be discussed and the

information informing those discussions.

MEMBERS of the Scientific Advisory Board:

Doreen Stabinsky: Professor, College of the

Atlantic of the Intergovernmental Panel

on Climate Change (IPCC). United States of

America

Hervé Casterman: President of the AFG

(Association Francaise du Gaz) Environment

Commission. France

John Akintayo Adedoyin: Professor, University

of Botswana. Lead-author in WGI of the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Botswana

Joseph Katongo Kanyanga: Assistant Director,

Zambia Meteorological Department. Lead-

author in WGI of the Intergovernmental Panel

on Climate Change. Zambia

Koko Warner: Academic officer, United

Nations University. Lead-author in WGII of the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Germany

Ria Voorhaar: Head - International

Communications Coordination Climate Action

Network – International. Germany

Saleemul Huq: Director, ICCCAD. Coordinating

lead-author in WGII of the Intergovernmental

Panel on Climate Change. Bangladesh

Importance of tackling climate change

Tools to tackle climate change

UN negotiations and national commitments

Fairness and distribution of efforts

Making and keeping climate promises

The remaining 5 questions focused on evaluating the

event. In some countries, WWViews partners added an

additional session with questions and deliberations

on national issues and some allowed participants to

formulate their own recommendations to national

policymakers.

Prior to the citizen consultations participants received

balanced information from a 32-pages booklet written

by journalist and analyst Gerard Wynn in close

collaboration with the Danish Board of Technology. The

booklet provided basic information about the science of

climate change and different points of view on how to

deal with it.

Information videos (each 4-10 minutes long) were made

by the Austrian research and science communication

company Biofaction for each of the five themes,

repeating the most essential information available

in the booklet and ensuring that all citizens would

participate in the meetings with the necessary

information. All WWViews information material was

translated into local languages.

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

GHANA

SOUTH KOREA

ETHIOPIA

The web tool

A special web tool was designed for the purpose of

instant collection and presentation of the results from

the WWViews meetings. The tool allows for statistical

presentation and easy comparison of results between

countries and various international groupings (i.e.

continents, developed and developing countries). The

web tool is easy to navigate for anyone interested and

can be explored under “Results” at climateandenergy.

wwviews.org. Also, all raw data can be downloaded for

detailed analysis.

CHAD

“Citizens are concerned by poverty, land

deterioration and drought. Climate change affects

everyone, but rural inhabitants suffer from it. So

rich countries must help poor countries in order

that all of them as far as they are concerned can

reduce their GHG emissions. Let’s raise awerness

to improve Sahelian people resiliency to the

environmental transformations.”

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CANADA - WATERLOO

CAPE VERDE

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

Training seminar

The coordinators of WWViews on Climate and

Energy organized four training seminars to prepare

project managers in the participating countries for

the WWViews Day. Most met for the two seminars

organized in Paris, France. However, to accommodate

the global coverage of WWViews on Climate and Energy

two decentralized training seminars were organized in

the Caribbean (Guadeloupe) and the Indian Ocean (La

Reunion) respectively. All project managers from the

WWViews national and regional partner institutions

also participated in 8 online training seminars focusing

on key elements of the WWViews method.

Selecting the participating

citizens

Guidelines for selecting the participating citizens

were made in order to ensure the reliability of the

results: The citizens at each meeting should reflect the

demographic distribution in their country or region

with regards to age, gender, occupation, education

and geographical zone of residency (i.e. city and

countryside). A further criterion was that they should

not be experts on climate and energy issues, neither

as scientists nor as stakeholders. Where appropriate,

the national partners added further demographic

criteria of relevance to their national context. Finally,

in countries where statistics of membership of

environmental organizations were available, this was

also used as selection criteria in order to avoid an

overrepresentation of participants more concerned with

global warming than the population at large.

Based on reports from the partners, the guidelines have

been followed, albeit with some local variation due to

economic and other practical limitations. While most

meetings ended up with fewer than 100 citizens, some

ended up with more than 100 citizens on the WWViews

Day. The global average was 89 citizens per meeting.

Some countries or regions recruited citizens from their

entire geographical area, whereas others recruited from

a smaller area in order to cut expenses.

Nevertheless, the sample of citizens consulted in

WWViews is large and diverse enough to, give a clear

sense of general trends in national and international

public opinion.

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

TURKEY

CHAD

GUYANA

WWViews Day

TH E WORLD

On June 6, 2015 the first WWViews meeting started

at 9 am in Fiji. The last one finished 27 hours later

in Arizona, USA. Meetings were held in seventy-six

countries. As the day progressed, citizens voted on

alternative answers to the predefined questions. These

results were instantly reported at climateandenergy.

wwviews.org so that anyone with Internet access

could – and still can – compare answers to the various

questions across countries, regions, political and

economic groupings, etc.

Photos and videos from the various meetings were

continuously uploaded to a media share server. Video

interviews with citizens were made available as well.

Most countries arranged link ups to other countries via

Skype. Others presented pictures and results from other

countries to their participants.

TH E MEETI NG

Each thematic session was introduced by the head

facilitator and an information video. The participants

then engaged in moderated discussions at their tables,

the purpose of which was to give all participants time

to listen to other opinions and reflect prior to voting.

Group facilitators were trained in advance to provide

unbiased facilitation at the tables. Each thematic

session concluded with citizens casting their votes

anonymously on alternative answers to a total of 34

questions (five to eight questions in each session). Votes

were counted by the staff and immediately reported

to climateandenergy.wwviews.org thereby enabling

international, quantitative comparisons.

Most meetings were either opened or closed by

ministers or high-level government officials. The

citizens were apprised of the means by which

policymakers would be informed of the results. Two

short video messages from Christiana Figueres, UNFCCC

Executive Secretary and Ségolène Royal, France’s

Minister of Ecology, Sustainable Development and

Energy welcoming citizens on June 6, were screened at

the beginning of the deliberation at every site around

the world.

All meetings followed the same schedule: the citizens,

divided into tables of 5-8 people, were led through a

program, divided into five thematic sessions, by a head

facilitator and a number of group facilitators.

NIGER

“I thought that as citizens we were only victims

while we are in part actors of this climate

change” said Boubacar, a farmer. / “Thanks

to this debate on climate and energy, I feel

more concerned than ever by the fight against

climate change” Hamsatou, a pupil. / “We are

not polluting, we are poor and vulnerable. We

suffer and live unfairly the fatal effects of this

phenomenon. Who can and hast to help us?”

worries Abdou, a student.

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

HAITI

INDONESIA

MALAYSIA

Welcome to WWViews Day

Information videos

Deliberation in groups

Voting after each

thematic session

Goodbye and thank you

for participating

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

UK (SCOTLAND)

FRANCE - AUVERGNE

NIGER

Making the citizens’

views heard

The outcomes of WWViews on Climate and Energy

are being disseminated globally. The target groups

for receiving the WWViews results are politicians,

negotiators and interest groups engaged in the ongoing

climate change negotiations. The WWViews results

are especially significant for climate and energy

policymakers and stakeholders because they represent

the informed and considered views of a broad range of

citizens from across the world concerning the complex

issues to be addressed in the UN negotiations.

This is why the WWViews coordination team has set

up a comprehensive dissemination strategy aimed at

presenting and discussing the results of WWViews

with the relevant policy makers and stakeholders.

Dissemination began in June with a press conference

at the UNFCCC negotiations in Bonn together with

UNFCCC’s Executive Secretary Christiana Figueres and

included additional presentations for negotiation and

stakeholder groups. Next, the results were presented

at the United Nations Economic Commission for

Europe (UNECE). This was then followed by a plenary

presentation at the World Summit Climate & Territories

in Lyon, France.

Several activities are planned to take place following the

publication of this report, including more presentations

at pre-COP negotiations in Bonn, a side-event at the UN

General Assembly in New York, a presentation at the

French National Assembly, and several presentations at

COP21.

In addition to the

presentations made by

the global coordinators,

all national and regional

WWViews partners have

employed their own

strategies to reach key target

groups. The goal is to make

those engaged in climate and

energy policy aware of the

results and to take them into

consideration.

From dawn in Fiji to dusk in

Arizona the many votes and

recommendations were instantly

reported on climateandenergy.

wwviews.org and available for

comparisons. They still are.

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

GAMBIA

UGANDA

PAKISTAN

THE RESULTS REPORT

The WWViews Results Report is one of the main instruments

for making citizens’ views heard.

he key findings in this report highlight those results

that the authors find to be most significant and

interesting to policy makers. We invite others to explore

the results to see what they find to be significant. The key

findings have been chosen in a process which included

input from several WWViews partners and a workshop in

Copenhagen with civil society representatives,

international experts and WWViews partners. The 12 key

findings were identified in the workshop and subsequently

developed and refined by an editorial group.

The key findings are structured in the following way:

firstly, a clear message to decision makers (the key

finding); secondly factual observations from the WWViews

voting results that underpin the message (sometimes the

same observations underpin more than one key finding);

and thirdly, an assessment drawn from the observations.

The key findings are structured in four chapters:

A Strong Call for Action

Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and

Respective Capabilities

Financing Climate Action

Citizen Participation

ARGENTINA

“Great experience! To fight against

climate change is to protect our

future! An incredible work day!

Let’s hope governments will listen

to what citizens from 76 countries

debated to curb climate change. For

us, for our children, but mostly for

the children of our children!”

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

1) Citizens worldwide want their

leaders to commit to ambitious

climate action

And they want those commitments to

be made now.

OBSERVATIONS

●

ASSESSMENT

63% of participants worldwide think that

policy makers should decide in Paris to

do whatever it takes to limit temperature

increase to less than 2 degrees Celsius by

2100. 70% of participants think climate

change is primarily a global responsibility

and 71% want the UN climate negotiations

to do more to tackle climate change.

89% of participants think climate change

should be a national priority, while 79%

of participants think that their country

should reduce its greenhouse gas emissions,

even if other countries do not.

Almost all participants worldwide (97%)

are concerned about the effects of climate

change, of which 78% are “very concerned”.

The proportion of “very concerned” citizens

has increased in comparison to the 2009

results from World Wide Views on Global

Warming, where 62% of participants were

“very concerned” about climate change.

Participants from developing countries are

more concerned (10 percentage points) than

those from developed countries, but less

supportive (8 percentage points) of doing

whatever it takes.

●

The WWViews results show a clear worldwide support by

citizens for their politicians to take ambitious action

against climate change. Although citizens have a clear

preference for making a global agreement on climate

change, they also support action in their own countries,

irrespective of whether steps are taken globally or in other

countries. This is consistent with the view among

participants that tackling climate change is an

opportunity rather than a threat. The clear message to

policy makers is that failure to make a global agreement

will not be accepted as an excuse for inaction at the

national level.

The strong support for taking action also reflects the high

level of concern citizens have for the effects of climate

change. Based on a similar question that was asked in

2009, it is reasonable to conclude that the proportion of

citizens who are “very concerned” has increased over the

past six years.

While responses do not differ much among participants

from different countries, it is nonetheless interesting to

see that citizens from developing countries are more

concerned than citizens from developed countries, but

also less supportive of doing whatever it takes to limit the

temperature increase.

●

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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NIGERIA

FRANCE - LA RÉUNION

RUSSIA

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

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CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

2)Citizens want zero emissions by

the end of the century

And many want to stop the exploration of fossil fuels.

OBSERVATIONS

●

ASSESSMENT

97% of WWViews participants want a Paris

agreement to include a long-term goal for

zero emissions at the end of this century.

Two-thirds of participants want this goal

to be legally binding for all countries. 17%

think it should be legally binding only for

developed and emerging nations.

45% of participants worldwide are in

favor of stopping exploration for all new

fossil fuel reserves. An additional 17%

support stopping exploration for coal only,

meaning that 62% are in favor of stopping

the exploration for coal. 23% think that

exploration of fussil fuels should continue.

Policy makers have a clear public mandate to act towards

securing a deal in Paris that includes a long-term goal for

zero emissions by 2100. The fact that a clear majority of

participants want this goal to be legally binding further

strengthens the mandate.

It is interesting to compare the support for a long-term

goal with participants’ views on the exploration for fossil

fuels, which is one of the main keys to reaching the long-

term goal. Considering the consequences of making a

decision to stop the exploration for fossil fuels, the support

for doing so is significant. Although a plurality of

participants from some of the countries with substantial

oil, coal, and gas reserves (Russia and Iran) prefer to

continue exploring, in other resource rich countries

(China, USA, India, Indonesia, Canada, South Africa, UK

(Scotland), Germany, Nigeria and Kuwait) the relative

majority favors stopping the exploration for all fossil fuels.

Nonetheless, with less than majority support for stopping

all exploration in most countries, and 15% (the highest

percentage of all questions) stating that they do not know

or do not wish to answer, more consideration of this issue

will be important in the immediate future if the path

toward the long term goal of zero emissions is to become

clearer.

●

COSTA RICA

PHILIPPINES

FRANCE - CENTRE-VAL DE LOIRE

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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5. How should the world deal with exploration for new fossil fuel reserves?

5. How should the world deal with explora3on for new fossil fuel

reserves?

45,20%

41,78%

a. Stop explora8on for all fossil fuel reserves

b. Stop only the explora8on for coal

17,27%

14,98%

The World

Top fossil fuel producing countries

c. The world should con8nue to explore

22,67%

23,59%

d. Don’t know / Do not wish to answer

14,86%

19,65%

2.5. HOW SHOULD THE WORLD DEAL WITH EXPLORATION FOR NEW FOSSIL FUEL RESERVES?

a. Stop exploraLon for all fossil fuel reserves

WORLD

CANADA

USA

UK (SCOTLAND)

GERMANY

SOUTH AFRICA

KUWAIT

INDIA

INDONESIA

NIGERIA

CHINA

IRAN

RUSSIA

19,63%

18,99%

27,27%

13,08%

16,46%

38,78%

35,42%

26,26%

40,19%

40,51%

59,15%

56,00%

50,70%

48,98%

47,83%

45,71%

10,20%

23,96%

11,11%

0,00%

15,24%

17,35%

22,92%

35,35%

27,10%

24,05%

15,49%

18,37%

34,78%

25,71%

33,67%

17,71%

45,20%

71,59%

7,17%

20,00%

18,31%

22,45%

17,39%

13,33%

b. Stop only the exploraLon for coal

c. The world should conLnue to explore

17,27%

d. Don’t know / Do not wish to answer

22,67%

8,25%

22,67%

11,00%

10,12%

14,86%

10,05%

11,01%

13,00%

15,49%

10,20%

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

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CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

3)The COP21 Paris Agreement needs

to open a credible path to limit global

warming to no more than 2 degrees

Commitments should be legally

binding, and progress should be

transparent and subject to control.

OBSERVATION

●

ASSESSMENT

63% of the citizens worldwide think that

the world should decide in Paris to do

whatever it takes to limit temperature

increase to less than 2 degrees Celsius by

2100.

71% of participants worldwide think the

Paris Agreement should include legally

binding, national short-term goals for

all countries. Another 14% think that

such goals should be legally binding

for developed nations only. Similarly,

68% think that a long-term goal of zero

emissions at the end of this century should

be legally binding for all countries, and

another 17% that it should be legally

binding for developed and emerging

nations only.

Regarding the flexibility of climate

commitments and their accountability, 92%

of participants feel countries should agree

in Paris to update their climate action

commitments every 5 years, and 90% think

that countries should publish an annual

report on their emissions and report on

progress towards meeting their pledge for

climate actions. 61% express that a UN level

body should have the authority to make

reviews that assess the sufficiency and

fairness of individual countries’ climate

action, and 50% think that any country

should have the right to inspect another’s

reporting of mitigation and adaptation

efforts, while another 28% think that only

donor countries should have the right to

inspect receiving countries.

●

Although the results show several differences between

countries, these are less significant than the general trend

worldwide: Citizens express strong support for limiting

global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius by 2100

compared to preindustrial times as agreed by the

international community in Copenhagen in 2009.

The strong support for both short- and long-term goals, that

are legally binding, show that citizens want to make sure

that commitments made are also being met. The even

stronger support for countries to update their climate

commitments every 5 years and submit yearly progress

reports also shows that citizens want to hold their

politicians accountable for promises made. Although not as

strong, citizens’ support for giving countries the right to

inspect each other further strengthens their demand for

transparency on countries’ implementation of climate

plans with many calling for the UN to take the lead in

making sure these plans are fair and sufficient.

Consequently, citizens are calling for the UN to have greater

authority.

It is therefore reasonable to conclude that citizens broadly

support the key design features under discussion at the UN

that could help strengthen the level of ambition of the

agreement and maximize its ability to steer the world

towards a 2 degrees Celsius pathway.

●

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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GUATEMALA

KENYA

USA - ARIZONA

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

Climate change is an opportunity

to improve life quality

Measures to fight climate change are

seen as an opportunity rather than a

threat.

OBSERVATIONS

●

ASSESSMENT

66% of WWViews participants see measures

to fight climate change mostly as an

opportunity to improve their quality of life.

27% of citizens consider such measures to

be mostly a threat to their quality of life.

There is little variation in the results

between regional and income groups.

●

The WWViews results reflect that the global majority of

citizens envisage measures to tackle climate change as an

opportunity to improve the quality of life - whether it is to

pursue a trajectory of low emissions for mitigation efforts

or to enhance adaptation actions. This is a significant and

somewhat surprising finding, as tools to tackle climate

change have been framed as a burden rather than an

opportunity in many media and policy discussions to date.

On the other hand, some have argued for framing such

measures as an opportunity. The WWViews results show

that citizens are more convinced by such arguments and

support this way of framing discussions on how to tackle

climate change. For lower income countries, it is often

argued that mitigation action may harm economic

growth, and, therefore, slow progress on poverty

eradication, health care and other development

challenges. It is therefore noteworthy that participants

from low-income economies responded in the same way as

participants from the rest of the world.

This sends a strong signal to politicians regardless of their

country’s income bracket to focus on potential synergies

between enhanced life quality and actions towards climate

change solutions.

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

Introduce carbon taxes and

invest in renewable energy

Citizens also wish to support the

research and development of low-

carbon technology.

OBSERVATIONS

●

ASSESSMENT

88% of participants globally support a

dynamic and flexible carbon tax system to

some degree whether it is according to the

level of development or emissions.

When asked to pick two approaches for

making large-scale cuts in greenhouse gas

emissions, participants worldwide prefer

to subsidize renewable energy (56%) or to

support the development of low-carbon

technology (46%).

Since participants could choose two answer options

for this question, percentages can add up to as

much as 200.

●

The results show a clear and widespread support for a

carbon tax system of some sort, with most citizens favoring

a system in which costs will increase gradually for

countries that do not reduce their emissions. Differences

between support from citizens from different country

groups (such as LDC’s and OPEC countries) and from the

rest of the world are small and insignificant. Only 1 out of

10 participants worldwide does not support a carbon tax

system, sending an unequivocal message to policy makers

on citizens’ readiness to support a move towards carbon

taxation.

In contrast to the clear support for carbon taxation, carbon

pricing does not rank high (21%) when participants are

asked to select their preferred approaches for making

large-scale cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. The fact that

citizens prefer to subsidize renewable energy and to

support the research and development of low-carbon

technology indicates a widespread support for the

implementation of existing and new technologies in order

to cut emissions and bring forward an energy transition.

In general, citizens prefer incentives and subsidies as a

mechanism for making large-scale cuts in greenhouse gas

emissions. In spite of this, the results still show that they

acknowledge, and are aware of, the wide array of solutions

needed, including mechanisms such as taxation and

carbon pricing, if large-scale cuts are to be made feasible.

FRANCE - BASSE-NORMANDIE

USA - BOSTON

NEPAL

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CHAPTER 1: A STRONG CALL FOR ACTION

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CHAPTER 2: COMMON BUT DIFFERENTIATED RESPONSIBILITIES

AND RESPECTIVE CAPABILITIES

6)The ‘North-South’ gap is closing

Citizens from developed and

developing countries mostly agree on

how to deal with climate change.

OBSERVATIONS

●

ASSESSMENT

The differences between responses from

participants from developed and developing

countries are generally small (an average

of 4,2 percentage points). They are most

prominent in questions concerning

finance and the level of efforts put into

mitigation actions, where citizens from

developing countries are approximately

10 percentage points more supportive of

policies placing a greater responsibility on

developed countries. The same pattern can

be seen when comparing responses from

EU participants with African ones, and

responses from citizens of high-income

economies with those of low-income

economies.

The high degree of convergence between the views of

citizens in developed and developing countries is quite

remarkable. Citizens from North and South generally

share their assessment of the nature of the challenge

posed by climate change and their views on how to deal

with it. This sends a strong signal to policy makers and

negotiators to focus more on shared interests and less on

what is perceived to be special and national interests.

Despite the strong convergence, attention should be paid

to the small differences when it comes to the level of

responsibility, which is a key issue in the negotiations.

While citizens agree that responsibilities should be

differentiated, they diverge on the degree to which these

responsibilities should be differentiated. This indicates a

small but real difference in opinion between North and

South in what is fair and what is not. Considering the

differences in living conditions, what may be most

remarkable is the small magnitude of these differences.

TOP 10 DIVERGENCES BETWEEN DEVELOPED VS. DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

81%

68%

59%

46%

29%

17%

20%

31%

21%

22%

10%

43%

81%

68%

61%

48%

31%

16%

The outcomes of the UN climate

nego:a:ons since 1992 have done

enough to tackle climate change.

The outcomes of the UN climate

nego:a:ons since 1992 have not

done enough to tackle climate

change.

ACer 2020, high-‐income countries

should pay more than already

agreed on for mi:ga:on and

adapta:on in low-‐income countries

($100 billion in 2020)

The eﬀorts of developing countries

should depend on funding from

developed countries.

Any country should have a right to

inspect others

Climate change is a na:onal

priority and it should be

Climate change is not a na:onal

priority but it should be

All developing countries should be

treated the same way

I'm moderately concerned about

the impacts of climate change

Annex 1

Non-‐Annex 1

Only donor countries should be

allowed to inspect receiving

countries

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

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CHAPTER 2: COMMON BUT DIFFERENTIATED RESPONSIBILITIES

AND RESPECTIVE CAPABILITIES

7)Countries should assume

responsibilities based on their respective

capabilities and emission levels

Distinguishing between Annex-1 (developed) and non-Annex

1 (developing) countries is seen as less relevant.

OBSERVATIONS

●

55% of participants worldwide think that richer

developing countries ‘should be treated as a third

group, with bigger responsibilities than the poorest,

least developed countries, but smaller responsibilities

than developed nations’. 23% even call for

richer developing countries to assume the same

responsibilities as developed nations. Interestingly,

participants from countries that are classified as non-

Annex 1 in the climate change convention but are

also high-income or upper-middle-income economies

are generally in agreement with participants from

the rest of the world.

71% of participants worldwide see current or future

emissions and economic capabilities as the best

basis for setting such ambitions. Citizens from

developed and developing countries almost agree on

this, with developing countries favoring economic

capabilities at a slightly higher rate than developed

country citizens. Globally, only 21% of citizens favor

using historical emissions as the basis for setting

the ambition of national climate contributions with

a few countries such as Uganda, Iran, Brazil, Cape

Verde and Mozambique ranking historical emissions

as the top choice.

capable, rather than being stagnant in the Annex-1 and

non-Annex 1 categories. The fact that citizens from

countries most likely to be affected by such a change in

policy support it equally as much as the global average,

sends a strong signal to policy makers from those

countries in particular. It also echoes results from

WWViews on Global Warming in 2009, where participants

from growing economies voted in favor of introducing

targets for emission reductions for their countries, even

though such targets were not on the negotiation table.

The overall strong support worldwide for letting current

or future emissions and economic capabilities set the

ambition of national climate contributions also confirms

the call for moving away from defined groupings towards

a more diversified approach. One of the key discussions

underlying both former and current negotiations is the

question of whether or not it is fair for developed

countries to ask emerging economies to reduce emissions,

considering that burning fossil fuels has historically been

key to reaching current living standards. It is therefore

interesting that citizens see historical emissions as the

least relevant basis for setting the ambition of national

climate contributions, compared to using current or

future emissions and economic capabilities as the basis for

setting such ambitions. Although differences of opinion

exist among developed and developing countries, they are

not as big, nor as significant as the overall majority

support for current and future emissions and capabilities

as the basis for determining the fairness of national

climate commitments being set.

These results send a strong signal to decision makers from

all nations when considering the relevant basis for setting

the ambition for their respective national climate

contribution under a new, global agreement.

●

ASSESSMENT

Overall, there is little citizen support for treating all

developing countries in the same way. This reflects the

general trend seen in recent climate negotiations to de-

emphasize defined groupings and instead consider the

capabilities of individual nations. WWViews results show

that citizens no longer see the defined lines between North

and South; developed and developing countries as relevant

country categorizations. They wish to see countries step up

efforts gradually as they become more wealthy and

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

4. Should all developing countries be treated as one group, as presently, or should richer developing countries have to do more?

4. Should all developing countries be treated as one group, as presently, or

4. Should all developing countries be

ave to do

as one group, as

should richer developing countries h

treated

more?

18,89%

presently, or should richer developing countries have to do more?

treated the same way

18,20%

4. Should all developing countries be treated as one group, a

developing countries

Richer

presently, or should r

hould have

eveloping countries have to do more?

icher d

(countries participating in

b. Richer developing countries s

naEons

18,89%

a. All developing countries should be

treated the same way

18,20%

c. Richer developing countries should be

c. Richer developing

as a third group,

e t

ith bigger

countries should b

reated

treated

as a third group, with bigger responsibiliEes than

responsibiliEes than the poorest, least

b. Richer developing

the poorest,

east developed countries, but

countries

hould h

countries, but smaller

developed

ave

22,99%

smaller responsibiliEes than developed naEons

the same responsibiliEes as developed

18,26%

naEons

2,79%

d. Don’t know / Do not wish to answer

2,79%

3,46%

c. Richer developing c

d. Don’t know / Do not wish to answer

ountries should be

3,46%

treated as a third group, with bigger

responsibiliEes than the poorest, least

developed countries, but smaller

b. Richer developing countries should have the

the same responsibiliEes as developed

same responsibiliEes as developed naEons

22,99%

a. All developing countries should be treated the

a. All developing countries should

same way

18,89%

18,26%

55,34%

60,08%

WWViews that are classified

as non-Annex 1 in the climate

The World

change convention but are also

Richer developing countries

high-income or upper-middle-

Richer developing countries

income economies)

60,08%

The World

55,34%

60,08%

Richer developing countries

d. Don’t know / Do not wish to answer

3,46%

RICHER DEVELOPING COUNTRIES IN WWVIEWS ON CLIMATE AND ENERGY

2,79%

UPPER-MIDDLE-INCOME ECONOMIES

Argentina

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Brazil

China

Costa Rica

Dominican Republic

Fiji

Gabon

Grenada

Iran

Malaysia

Mauritius

Saint Lucia

Seychelles

South Africa

Tunisia

HIGH-INCOME ECONOMIES

Bahamas

Barbados

Chile

Kuwait

South Korea

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

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CHAPTER 2: COMMON BUT DIFFERENTIATED RESPONSIBILITIES

AND RESPECTIVE CAPABILITIES

All countries must take action to

reduce their greenhouse gas emissions

Even if others do not.

OBSERVATIONS

●

79% of participants want their countries to take

measures to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,

even if others do not. 17% want their countries to do

so only if many other countries take measures.

Participants from Least Developed Countries (LDCs)

are less supportive (68%) than the global average

for taking independent action irrespective of other

countries, whereas participants from Small Islands

Developing States (SIDS) are more supportive (86%)

than the global average.

Participants from most of the countries with the

highest emissions were more in favor of seeing their

countries take action regardless of others than the

global average, such as United States (95%), India

(84), Russia (80%), Brazil (95%), Japan (85%), Germany

(87%), South Korea (81%), and Canada (94%); with the

exception of China (57%).

●

participants from SIDS are more supportive of acting

regardless of others may well be explained by the fact that

climate change has disproportionately greater impact on

the security, environment and socio-economic

development of SIDS. The smaller support from

participants from LDCs for acting regardless of other

countries may be explained by a lack of financial and

technical resources to curb the GHG emissions.

Nevertheless, 68% want their countries take action even if

other do not.

This strong support worldwide for taking action regardless

of others’ actions corresponds well with the high level of

concern citizens have about the effects of climate change,

the urgency with which they think it should be addressed,

and with their view that tackling climate change is an

opportunity rather than a threat. Although they do wish to

see a global agreement, they nonetheless want their

countries to act regardless of commitments made by

others. It can be implied that citizens are less concerned

with making others take actions and more concerned with

doing so themselves.

Negotiators and politicians would be ill advised to put too

much emphasis on letting their own commitments depend

on others’ as citizens are likely to judge them by their own.

●

ASSESSMENT

Overall there is a strong support worldwide for taking

national measures to cut GHG emissions in each country

regardless of the action from other countries. The fact that

take measure to

ountry ake measure to reduce its

4. Should your country

Should your c

reduce its

greenhouse gas emissions?

a. Yes, even if many other countries do not take

measures

17,01%

26,54%

9,26%

1,79%

2,41%

1,16%

2,21%

3,04%

4,06%

68,01%

78,99%

85,53%

b. Yes, but only if many other countries take

measures

The World

LDCs

SIDS

c. No, we should not intervene in this maEer

d. Don’t know / Do not wish to answer

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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CHAPTER 3: FINANCING CLIMATE ACTION

The private sector should contribute

significantly to climate finance

But citizens may prefer to see other societal actors in charge of deciding on how to

tackle climate change

OBSERVATIONS

●

54% of participants worldwide would like

to see half or more of climate finance offers

from developed countries covered by the

private sector. 32% think that private sector

contributions should only count for a small

part of such offers.

Only 11% of WWViews participants think

that businesses and the private sector

should be the primary actor responsible

for tackling climate change. Instead,

citizens think that climate change is

mainly a global responsibility and/or the

responsibility of citizens and civil society

initiatives and of national governments.

explanations for this, but it seems fair to interpret this

result as a clear indication that citizens wish to see the

private sector contribute substantially to climate finance.

Although the results indicate that citizens do not expect

the private sector to be the primary party responsible for

tackling climate change, they still wish to see the private

sector play a prominent role.

Another interpretation may be that although citizens want

the private sector to help finance solutions needed, they do

not think they should be much involved in making

decisions on what those solutions might be.

Thus, it is worthwhile to consider whether public

perception is at odds with that of many policy makers and

business leaders who wish to see the private sector play a

much more active role in developing and implementing

solutions for tackling climate change.

Regardless, there seems to be a need for a continued

dialogue among policy makers, business leaders and

citizens in order to clarify the kind of role the private

sector should have in future efforts for tackling climate

change.

●

ASSESSMENT

Although the WWViews information material

explained the risks that allowing the private

sector to play a greater role in contributing to

climate finance could reduce the contribution

from public expenditures and leadership, most

citizens still favor letting private sector

contributions account for at least half or more of

the total contribution. There may be several

FRANCE - GUADELOUPE

ZIMBABWE

FRANCE - POITOU-CHARENTES

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

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CHAPTER 3: FINANCING CLIMATE ACTION

SENEGAL

SAINT LUCIA

TOGO

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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CHAPTER 3: FINANCING CLIMATE ACTION

10)

High-income countries should scale up

their climate finance commitments

And pay more for mitigation and adaptation in low-income countries than the already agreed

$100 billion annually from 2020.

OBSERVATIONS

●

79% of all WWViews participants call for high-income

countries to scale up climate financial commitments.

69% of participants from high-income countries

agree while 15% do not.

82% of participants worldwide think that developing

countries’ efforts should depend on funding

from developed countries, either partly (63%) or

completely (19%). Participants from low-income

economies support this view more strongly with 27%

saying that their efforts should depend completely

on such funding.

●

agreed on for mitigation and adaptation in low-income

countries ($100 billion per year from 2020). Although

smaller than the world average, support from citizens

from high income countries is remarkably high. Combined

with the fact that the majority of citizens worldwide think

that efforts of developing countries should depend partly

on funding from developed countries, it is clear that

citizens find it highly important that high-income

countries pay more than already agreed on.

Citizens want greater commitments from the COP21

negotiations, which are more concerned with clarifying

how to honor the promises made in Copenhagen (COP 15)

and Cancun (COP 16), than with making new and scaled up

promises. It is clear that citizens worldwide will expect

that a Paris Agreement should at least clarify how

promises already made will be met. It is also clear, that

such promises are no longer sufficient and that new ones

are expected.

ASSESSMENT

The clear majority of the citizens around the world say

that high-income countries should pay more than already

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

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CHAPTER 4: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

11)

Citizens want to take an active part in

reducing greenhouse gas emissions

They see their own role as critical

OBSERVATIONS

●

48% of WWViews participants worldwide

think that it is primarily the responsibility

of citizens and civil society initiatives to

tackle climate change. They rate the global

responsibility (through an international

climate agreement or treaty) highest at

70%, and national and local authority

responsibility lower at 32% and 7%

respectively.

Since participants could choose two answer options

for this question, percentages can add up to as much

as 200.

ASSESSMENT

●

71% think that the outcomes of UN climate

negotiations since 1992 have not done

enough to tackle climate change.

78% of WWViews participants consider

education programs on climate change for

the broader public to be one of the most

relevant instruments to aid in reducing the

level of greenhouse gas emissions.

Since participants could choose two answer options

for this question, percentages can add up to as much

as 200.

While clearly recognizing the tackling of climate change as

a predominantly global responsibility, it is quite

interesting to see that citizens rate the responsibility of

citizens and civil society initiatives second – ahead of

national and local authorities. Thus, citizens show a strong

preference for taking action themselves, which

corresponds with the high concern shown on climate

change and their view that the outcomes of UN

negotiations since 1992 have not done enough to tackle

climate change. This reaffirms the same sentiment

expressed in World Wide Views on Global Warming (2009),

when citizens were asked at the end of the deliberation to

submit a recommendation to policy makers, and nearly

40% focused their recommendations on actions that would

help citizens reduce their carbon footprint.

The strong support for education programs is a clear signal

that citizens want to be part of an informed and active

citizenry, which can play an active role in tackling climate

change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

The citizens’ views challenge policy makers to design

policies and governance processes that include citizens as

actors in the energy transition they are calling for.

●

DR CONGO

GABON

GRENADA

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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CHAPTER 4: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

JAPAN

BURUNDI

KUWAIT

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

CHAPTER 4: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

12)

Citizens expect to take part in deciding

on climate policies

They believe they have a role to play in the UN climate negotiations and they have

great confidence in the WWViews method

OBSERVATIONS

●

ASSESSMENT

83% of participants believe that WWViews

results will be used in a meaningful way

for political decision making in relation to

COP21 and 97% think that similar processes

should be arranged in the future.

“June 6 was a great day for taking

democratic action on climate. It was not

a day without a future impact; it was not

an end but a beginning (…). This major

citizen consultation is therefore a direct

contribution to the mobilization that will

help us take decisions at the end of the year,

that are commensurate with the climate

emergency but also with the incredible

opportunities that the decarbonization of

our economies and our societies provides”.

Ms. Ségolène Royal, French Minister of

Ecology, Sustainable Development and

Energy (MEDDE).

The strong support for arranging deliberative processes

like WWViews in the future and the belief that it has a

meaningful role to play in the COP21 decision making

process, clearly indicates that citizens want to take part

in deciding what policies should be put in place in order

to address climate change. They want their views to be

heard and see themselves as participants in the decision

making process, rather than subjects of decisions made

by others. This is consistent with results from WWViews

on Global Warming (2009) and WWViews on Biodiversity

(2012), in which the WWViews method was also clearly

seen as an important tool for including citizens in the

UN negotiations.

Politicians and other decision makers would be well

advised to take this into consideration in future climate

negotiations and to pay due attention to Article 6 (now

called Action for Climate Empowerment, ACE) of the UN

Framework Convention on Climate Change. With this

Article, parties to the convention commit themselves to

promoting “public participation in addressing climate

change and its effects and developing adequate

responses”. Citizens clearly expect such participation to

take place.

FRANCE - PROVENCE-ALPES-CÔTE D’AZUR

PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES

USA - MINNESOTA

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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CHAPTER 4: CITIZEN PARTICIPATION

PORTUGAL

FRANCE - ILE-DE-FRANCE

MOZAMBIQUE

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

ANNEX

World results

The percentages given here and on the results page at climateandenergy.wwviews.org are calculated in the following way:

Where more than one meeting has taken place in a country, equal weight is given to the results from each meeting,

regardless of the number of participants when calculating the country percentages. The same principle applies to group

categories, such as regions, developed/developing countries and the world total: the votes from each country are given

equal weight when calculating the average percentages. At the online results page, comparisons can be made between

different WWViews meetings, countries, regions and other groupings. The total number of votes is listed for each

answering option. In total, there were 9378 participants (4724 female and 4654 male).

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

SRI LANKA

SPAIN

FRANCE - RHÔNE-ALPES

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

RWANDA

VIETNAM

MYANMAR

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

SEYCHELLES

MAURITIUS

BRAZIL

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

FRANCE – GRENOBLE

FRANCE - NORD-PAS DE CALAIS

CHINESE TAIPEI - TAIPEI

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

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F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

NATIONAL AND REGIONAL WWVIEWS PARTNERS

WWViews is structured as a global alliance of institutions, including public councils, parliamentary technology assessment

institutions, civil society organizations and universities. The 106 national and regional Partners from the WWViews

Alliance in 76 countries facilitated 97 deliberations June 6, 2015.

Afghanistan

Groupe Énergies Renouvelables,

Environnement et Solidarités -

GERES

Argentina

Red Argentina de Municipios frente

al Cambio Climático

Bahamas

Caribbean Youth Environment

Network - CYEN Bahamas

Cape Verde

Association pour la Défense

de l´Environnement et le

Développement

Chad

Université de N’Djamena

Chile

ONG Adapt-Chile

China

Global Village of Beijing; Friends

of Nature

La Réunion

Nord-Pas de Calais

Poitou-Charentes

Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur

Rhône-Alpes

Gabon

AGNU

Gambia

Young Volunteers for the

Environment-The Gambia

Bangladesh

University of Dhaka

Barbados

Caribbean Youth Environment

Network - CYEN Barbados

Comoros

French School Henri Matisse

Costa Rica

Costa Rica Limpia

Georgia

Geo-Eco Alliance

Germany

Nexus

Benin

Jeunes Volontaires pour

l’Environnement

Bosnia-Herzegovina

Social Innovation Incubator

”Munja” (OIA)

Brazil

Instituto Brasileiro da Diversidade

- IBD

Burkina Faso

Corade

Burundi

Action Volontaire pour la

Denmark

The Danish Board of Technology

Dominican Republic

Fundación Global Democracia y

Desarollo (Funglode)

DR Congo

CODED; Jeunes Volontaires

pour l’Environnement; Actions

Communautaires pour le

Développement Intégral, RCP-

Network

Ghana

Community and Family Aid

Foundation

Greece

Medical School of National and

Kapodistrian University of Athens

Grenada

Caribbean Youth Environment

Network - CYEN Grenada

Guatemala

Centro Mesoamericano de Estudios

sobre Tecnología Apropiada -

Cemat

Caribbean Youth Environment

Network - CYEN Guyana

Lutte Contre les Changements

Climatiques et les Effets

Negatifs du Soufre du Diesel -

AVOCHACLISD

Ethiopia

Ethiopian Youth Climate Coalition

(EYCC)

Fiji

Guyana

The University of Fiji

Cameroon

Action pour un Développement

Équitable, Intégré et Durable -

ADEID

Canada, Toronto

University of Waterloo and Balsillie

School of International Affairs

Canada, Montréal

Office de consultation publique de

Montréal

France

(French regions and 1 metropole)

Aquitaine

Auvergne

Basse-Normandie

Haiti

Caribbean Youth Environment

Network - CYEN Haiti

India

The Energy and Resources Institute

- TERI

Indonesia

Peduli Konservasi Alam Indonesia -

PEKA Indonesia Foundation

Centre-Val de Loire

Franche-Comté

Grenoble Métropole

Guadeloupe

Haute-Normandie

Ile-de-France

Iran

Eghtesad Online News Agency

R E S U LT S R E P O R T

W O R L D W I D E V I E W S O N C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

NATIONAL AND REGIONAL WWVIEWS PARTNERS

Italy

RegionAbruzzo

Region Toscana

Japan

Japan Science and Technology

Agency

Pakistan

Sustainable Development Policy

Institute

Palestinian Territory

The Applied Research Institute-

Jerusalem (ARIJ)

Chinese Taipei

National Taiwan University

organized 3 debates

Togo

Jeunes Volontaires pour

l’Environnement

Kenya

National Environment Trust Fund

Kuwait

Kuwait Scientific Center

Peru

Pontificia Universidad Católica del

Perú

Philippines

SeameoInnotech

Portugal

Instituto de Ciências Sociais da

Universidade de Lisboa

Romania

Colectiva Reciproca

Russia

Russian Socio Ecological Union

Climate Secretariat

Rwanda

Tunisia

Monastir Regional Council

Turkey

Turkish Foundation for Combating

Soil Erosion - TEMA

Madagascar

Région Vakinankaratra

Région Atsinanana

Malaysia

Malaysian Nature Society

Uganda

Choice Africa

UK - Scotland

Keep Scotland Beautiful -Eco-

Schools Scotland

Mali

Association Malienne d’Eveil au

Développement Durable - AMEDD

Mauritania

ONG BiodiverCités; Association

USA, Saint-Paul, Minnesota

Jefferson Center

USA, Fort Collins, Colorado

Colorado State University

USA, Boston, Massachusetts

USA, Phoenix, Arizona

Arizona State University

USA, Research Partners

Expert and Citizen Assessment of

Science and Technology (ECAST)

The Loka Institute

Museum of Science Boston

des Maires et parlementaires du

Gorgol - AMPG

Nile Basin Discourse Forum

Mauritius

Plateforme Citoyenne

Morocco

Association des Enseignants des

Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre -

AESVT MAROC

Arquitectos Sin Fronteras España

- Grupo Mozambique

Saint Lucia

Saint Lucia National Trust

Senegal

Université Gaston Berger

Seychelles

Environment Education Section,

Ministry of Environment, Energy &

Climate Change

OneWorld Sustainable Investments

Mozambique

South Africa

Vietnam

Urban-Rural Solutions Co

Zambia

Talent Africa

Myanmar

Green Lotus

Nepal

ForestAction Nepal

South Korea

The Catholic University of Korea

Spain

”la Caixa” Foundation; Asociación

Española de Comunicación

Científica

Niger

Réseau de la Jeunesse Nigérienne

sur les Changements Climatiques

Nigeria

Obafemi Awolowo University

Campus

Zimbabwe

Young Volunteers for the

Environment – Zimbabwe

Sri Lanka

Munasinghe Institute for

Development

F R O M T H E W O R L D ’ S C I T I Z E N S TO T H E C L I M AT E A N D E N E R G Y P O L I C YM A K E R S A N D S TA K E H O L D E R S

EFK, Alm.del - 2015-16 - Bilag 5: Henvendelse af 7/1-15 fra Fonden Teknologi Rådet om rapporten "World Wide Views on Climate and Energy"

ASIA

AFRICA

NORTH AMERICA

SOUTH AMERICA

EUROPE

World Wide Views on Climate and Energy involved 10,000 citizens coming from 76 countries spanning five continents. The citizens gathered

in their respective nations to deliberate about the core issues at stake in the December, 2015 UN negotiations on climate change and energy

transition. They received balanced information about climate change and energy transition, discussed with fellow citizens, and expressed their

own views. They did so in daylong meetings on June 6, 2015.

V I S IT C L I M AT E A N D E N E R GY.W W V I E WS.O R G F O R :

• Contact information for partners

• Information about the coordinators

• Information videos for citizens

• Information booklet for citizens

• Media packages

• Photos and videos from WWViews meetings

• Results in full

• Synthesis of the WWViews Results

• Additional information about WWViews

WORLD WIDE VIEWS ON CLIMATE AND ENERGY WAS MADE POSSIBLE THANKS TO THE GENEROUS CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE FOLLOWING INSTITUTIONS:

WWViews •

c/o The Danish Board of Technology Foundation • Toldbodgade 12 • DK-1253 Copenhagen K • Phone: +45 33320503 • E-mail: [email protected]