Socialudvalget 2012-13
SOU Alm.del Bilag 333
Offentligt
Briefing for the Social Affairs CommitteeAugust 23th, 2013At the Japanese Ambassador’s Residence
East Asia
• Security Climate…………………………………………………2Freedom of Navigation
MultilateralCooperation
• Anti-Piracy…………………………………………………………22• Afghanistan……………………………………………………….23• Value Diplomacy (e.g. UN)
Bilateralcooperation
• Trade/Investment (Abenomics)….……………………….24• Higashimatsushima…………………………………………….36• Green Tech / Life Science / Robot Tech………………..38
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Where is Senkaku Islands?
Japan
Senkaku islands
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Senkaku Islands
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Chronology : Senkaku Islands••1885~：The Gov. of Japan conducted surveys of the Senkaku Islands and found it as“terra nullius”Jan.1895:Cabinet Decision to incorporate the Senkaku Islands into Okinawa, theterritory of JapanMay.1895: Sino-Japanese War : Treaty of Shimonoseki (Incorporated Taiwan andPescador Islands)1945: End of the World War IIJan.1946:The administrative rights of Japan is suspended (Administration by theU.S.A over Okinawa began)1951: The San Francisco Peace Treaty (Renounced Taiwan and Pescador Islands,not Senkaku)1968: ECAFE conducted an academic survey and indicated the possibility of theexistence of petroleum resources in the East China Sea1971: China and Taiwan began their official claims about the territorial sovereigntyon the Senkaku Islands1971:Agreement between Japan and the U.S.A. concerning the Ryukyu Islands(Okinawa) and the Daito Islands1992:Enactment of “ Law of Territorial Sea”2012: Acquisition of the Senkaku Islands by the Gov. of Japan from privateJapanese4
••••••••
The Treaty of Peace with Japan (San Francisco Peace Treaty1951)•Article 2
•••
•
••
(a) Japan, recognizing the independence of Korea, renounces all right, titleand claim to Korea, including the islands of Quelpart, Port Hamilton andDagelet.(b) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to Formosa and thePescadores.(c) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Kurile Islands, and tothat portion of Sakhalin and the islands adjacent to it over which Japanacquired sovereignty as a consequence of the Treaty of Portsmouth ofSeptember 5, 1905.(d) Japan renounces all right, title and claim in connection with the Leagueof Nations Mandate System, and accepts the action of the United NationsSecurity Council of April 2, 1947, extending the trusteeship system to thePacific Islands formerly under mandate to Japan.(e) Japan renounces all claim to any right or title to or interest inconnection with any part of the Antarctic area, whether deriving from theactivities of Japanese nationals or otherwise.(f) Japan renounces all right, title and claim to the Spratly Islands and tothe Paracel Islands.5
Agreement Between the United States of America and JapanConcerning the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands (1971)ARTICLE 1
1. With respect to the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands, as defined inparagraph 2 below, the United States of America relinquishes in favour ofJapan all rights and interests under Article III of the Treaty of Peace withJapan signed at the City of San Francisco on September 8, 1951, effectiveas of the date of entry into force of this Agreements. Japan, as of suchdate, assumes full responsibility and authority for the exercise of all andany powers of administration, legislation and jurisdiction over the territoryand inhabitants of the said islands.The Treaty of Peace with Japan (San Francisco Peace Treaty 1951)ARTICLE 3Japan will concur in any proposal of the United States to the United Nations toplace under its trusteeship system, with the United States as the soleadministering authority, Nansei Shoto south of 29deg. north latitude (includingthe Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands), Nanpo Shoto south of SofuGan(including the Bonin Islands, Rosario Island and the Volcano Islands) andParece Vela and Marcus Island. Pending the making of such a proposal andaffirmative action thereon, the United States will have the right to exercise alland any powers of administration, legislation and jurisdiction over the territoryand inhabitants of these islands, including their territorial waters.6
Palmas Case (1928)•Under the Palmas decision, three important rules for resolvingisland territorial disputes were decided:•Firstly, title based on contiguity has no standing ininternational law.•Secondly, title by discovery is only an inchoate title.•Finally, if another sovereign begins to exercise continuous andactual sovereignty, (and the arbitrator required that the claimhad to be open and public and with good title), and thediscoverer does not contest this claim, the claim by thesovereign that exercises authority is greater than a title basedon mere discovery.
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[Letter of appreciation from the consul of the Republic of China in Nagasaki] (provisional translation)In the winter of the 8th year (1919) of the Republic of China, 31 fishermen from Hui'an Country, Fujian Province were lostdue to the stormy wind and were washed ashore on the Wayo Island, ofthe Senkaku Islands, Yaeyama District,Okinawa Prefecture, Empire of Japan.Thanks to the enthusiastic rescue work by the people of Ishigaki village, Yaeyama District, Empire of Japan, they wereable to safely return to their homeland. With a deep response and admiration toward the people of the village who werewilling and generous in the rescue operation, I express my gratitude by this letter.Consul of the Republic of China in Nagasaki馮冕20 May, the 9th year (1920) of the Republic of China
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China
「尖閣群島」（SenkakuIslands）
"TheRepublic of China New Atlas"published in China in 1933treats the Senkaku Islands as part of Japan9
「尖閣群島 ・・・・ 日」（SenkakuIslands・・・・Japan）
The index of "TheRepublic of China New Atlas"published in China in 1933indicates that the Senkaku Islands are Japan’s territory
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[The article on the People's Daily titled "Battle of people in the Ryukyu Islands against the U.S. occupation",dated 8 January1953] (Excerpt, provisional translation)"The Ryukyu Islands lie scattered on the sea between the Northeast of Taiwan of our State (note: China; same in thefollowing text) and the Southwest of Kyushu, Japan.They consist of 7 groups of islands; the Senkaku Islands,theSakishima Islands, the Daito Islands, the Okinawa Islands, the Oshima Islands, the Tokara Islands and the Osumi Islands.Each of them consists of a lot of small and large islands and there are more than 50 islands with names and about 400islands without names. Overall they cover 4,670 square kilometers. The largest of them is the Okinawa Island in theOkinawa Islands, which covers 1,211 square kilometers. The second largest is the Amami Oshima Island in the OshimaIslands (the Amami Islands), which covers 730 square kilometers. The Ryukyu Islands stretch over 1,000 kilometers,inside of which is our East China Sea (the East Sea in Chinese) and outside of which is the high seas of the Pacific Ocean."
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Sea of Japan
Pacific Ocean
「魚釣島」（UotsuriIsland）
「尖閣群島」（SenkakuIslands）Enlarged picture ison the next page
"WorldAtlas"published in China in 1958 (second printing in 1960) treats the SenkakuIslands as part of Japan
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「魚釣島」（UotsuriIsland）
「尖閣群島」（SenkakuIslands）
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The outer limit of the continental shelfwhich China claims (14.December,2012)
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Straight baseline around the Senkaku Islandswhich China began using in September 2012
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U.S.-China summit in California (June, 2013)
According to Assistant Secretary of State forEast Asian and Pacific Affairs Mr.Kurt M. Campbell,Chinese President Xi Jinping raisedsome concerns against Japanand was going on about it for some lengthbefore Obama interrupted him.“President Obama stopped (Xi) and said that‘Japan is an ally, Japan is a friend andJapan is a democracy,and you need to understand that very clearly.’ ”16
●China has become increasingly assertive, leading to escalating tensions.The “People’s Daily,” the official publication of China’s Communist Party,has now published an article raising questions aboutthe territorial sovereignty not only of the Senkaku Islandsbut also the entirety of Japan’s Okinawa Prefecture.This clearly demonstrates China’s expansionist tendencies.●Japan attaches importance to its relations with China.Since the launch of its new government, Japan has aimed to improvethe situation through steady dialogue and has been issuingpositive messages.●China, at some times has communicated messages throughdiplomatic channels signaling hopes to improve its relations with Japan,but has shown no signs of putting an end to its attempts to changethe status quo through the use of coercion and intimidation.●Examples of this behavior include the near daily intrusionsby Chinese government vessels into Japan’s territorial watersaround the Senkaku Islands.Japan is bewildered by the inconsistent Chinese actions.
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Other territorial issues on South China Sea○19th January, 1974 : Battle of the ParacelIslands (between Vietnam and China), as a resultChina got effective control over these islands.○14th March, 1988 : Battle of the SpratlyIslands (between Vietnam and China), 2Vietnamese battleships were hit and sunk byChinese Navy and China got effective controlover Johnson South Reef in Spratly Islands.Scarborough Reef
Paracel Islands
○February, 1992 : China enacted “Law on theTerritorial Sea and the Contiguus Zone” andstipulated Senkaku Islands, Spratly Islands andParael Islands as Chinese territory.○1995 : China built initial structures onMischief Reef in Spratly Islands while thePhilippine Navy was not patrolling the area dueto the monsoon season, and since then Chinahas effective control over this reef.○8th April, 2012 : Scaborough Reef standoff(between Philippine and China) : since then bothcountries have been in a tense situation over thisreef.18
Spratly Islands
Nuclear and missile issues in North Korea○31st August, 1998 : Launch of the Missile byNorth Korea, which it calls a “satellite”Satellite Launching Stationat Tongch’ang-ri (東倉里)
○5th July, 2006 : 7 Ballistic missile Launched●9th October, 2006 : Nuclear testNuclear facilities atYongbyon (寧辺)
○5th April, 2009 : Launch of the Missile byNorth Korea, which it calls a “satellite”●25th May, 2009 : Nuclear test○4th July, 2009 : 7 Ballistic missile Launched○13th April, 2012 : Launch of Missile byNorth Korea, which it calls a “satellite”○12th December, 2012 : Launch of theMissile by North Korea, which it calls a“satellite”●12th February, 2013 : Nuclear test○March 2013 : Over reaction to US-Koreajoint excercise
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Economic Sanctions over NorthDenmarkAfghanistan Assistance in Japan andKoreaResolutions by U.N. Security Council●Resolution1718 (14th October, 2006)1.Arms embargo (WMD and missiles) to NorthKorea2.Trade of luxury consumer goods were banned3.Calls upon member states freeze the overseasassets of organizations or persons related NorthKorea’s weapons programs.●Resolution 1874 (12th June, 2009)Strengthened Resolution 1718 :1.Extended arms embargo (includes other smallarms and materials)2.Calls upon member states to inspect overNorth Korean cargos on it’s own territorialwaters and the high seas.●Resolution 2087 (23rd January, 2013)●Resolution 2094 (7th March, 2013)Imposes new financial sanctions and enablesstronger enforcement of existing sanctions.
Japan●Restrictionon materialsAll exports to North Korea were banned (October,2006)All imports from North Korea were banned(June, 2009)●Restriction on moneyFreeze assets of extra organizations related withNorth Korea’s weapons programs (September,2006)●Visit restrictionNorth Koreans were prohibited to enter Japan(October,2006)●AllNorth Korean ships (October,2006) andchartered planes (July,2006) were prohibitedfrom entering into Japanese ports.
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Security Environment in the Asia-Pacific region and the Euro-Atlantic regionIncreasing Uncertainty of Security Environment in the Asia Pacific RegionNorth Korea• Development of nuclearweapons and ballisticmissiles(SCR2094)• Provocative actionsEUarms embargo on ChinasinceTiananmen Square protests of 1989.Recenttransfer of military technologyand equipment to China from EUcountries.
China• National defense budgetcontinue to increase overtwenty years with doubledigit• Insufficient transparencyover military buildup• Intensifying its maritime
Russia• Increasingly activemilitary operation• Military modernizationFrance and Russia agreed tosupply Moscow with Mistral-classamphibious assault warships.
Threats and challenges for the international communityin the fields offreedom and safety of navigation and energy security.→The Asia-Pacific region is inseparably linked to the regional peace and stabilityof the Euro-Atlantic region.Japan-Japan-NATO cooperationJoint Political Declarationwas signed by NATO Secretary General, AndersFogh Rasmussen and Japanese Prime Minister, Shinzo Abe in April 2013.Japanand NATO : shared values and the common security challengesFurtherdialogue and cooperation areas; cyber-defense, maritime security(counter-piracy) , disaster relief etc.21
Atmospheric Readings in Tokyo, Osaka and SapporoJapan’s Actions against Piracy●Deployments-TwoP-3Cmaritime patrol aircrafts to theGulf of Adenhave completed887flights (occupying60% of surveillance flights) since 2009.-TwoMaritime Self Defense Force destroyershave escorted2,947 ships(12 Danish ships and126Danish Contract Vessels) in 454 missions since 2009.●FinancialSupports-293 million USDfor improvement of the humanitarian and security situations in Somaliasince 2007.-14.6 million USDto realizeDjibouti Code of Conduct.Other Contribution●InJuly 2013, Japan decided to extend the anti-piracy operations by the Self Defense Force for 1year.●Ad-hoccontribution ofUS$560,000to the ReCAAP ISC in 2012.Piracy Incidents off the Coast of Somalia and in the Gulf of Aden20092010201120122013 (As of July)Number of piracy IncidentsNumber of vessels hijackedNumber of captured crews21847867219491,01623728470751425092N/A22
Atmospheric Readings in Tokyo, Osaka and SapporoAfghanistan Assistance in Japan and DenmarkJapanFocus on DevelopmentTokyo Conference on Afghanistan●Theconference formulated theTokyoFramework.●Theinternational community committed toproviding16 billion USDassistance through2015.●Announcedto provide 3 billion USDassistance in about 5 years from 2012.●Implementeda total of 4.187 billion USDof assistance since 2001.●Achievementof DDR of about 60,000 ex-combatants and DIAG totaling 737 groups.
DenmarkFocus on Improvement of Security●Danish-led3C Initiative to ANSF to improvethe security●Announcementof 530 million DKK (92million USD) annual support until 2017 at theTokyo Conference.
●Supportthrough InternationalOrganizations (UNDP, UNHCR and UNICEF).●300Danesengage in military and trainingactivities (as of August 2013).
Support Afghan’s self-reliance and Achieve MDGs
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Update of “Abenomics”Overview of Japan Revitalization Strategy
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Trend of GDP and other economic indications2012/4-6Real GDP（ ）AnnualRatePrivate ConsumptionPrivate Residential InvestmentPrivate Non-Resi. InvestmentGovernment ConsumptionPublic InvestmentExports of Goods and ServicesImport of Goods and ServicesNominak GDP（ ）AnnualRateDeflators
2012/7-9▲0.9（▲3.6）▲0.4+1.6▲3.2+0.4+3.5▲4.5▲0.0▲0.9（▲3.4）0.0
2012/10-12+0.3（+1.0）+0.5+3.6▲1.4+0.6+3.0▲2.7▲2.0＋0.1（+0.4）▲0.1
2013/1-3+0.9（+3.8）+0.8+1.9▲0.2+0.1+1.1+4.0+1.0+0.6（+2.5）▲0.3
2013/4-6+0.6（+2.6）+0.8▲0.2▲0.1+0.8+1.8+3.0+1.5+0.7（+2.9）+0.1
▲0.2（▲0.9）+0.1+2.1▲0.30.0+5.1▲0.2+1.3▲0.8（▲3.3）▲0.6
Source: Cabinet Office, Japan
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Japan GDP TrendTrillion Yen540530520510500490480470460450481.0Tr Yen1Q '09516.7Tr Y3Q'12501.2Tr Yen2Q '11529.7 Tr Yen1Q'08517.6 Tr Yen3Q '10526.3 Tr Yen2Q'13522.5 Tr Yen1Q '12
3.11Lehman Shock
Source: Cabinet Office, Japan
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Three Prongs or “Arrows”The Abe administration will simultaneously implement the policy mix of the “threearrows” for reviving the Japanese economy:
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Three Action Plans of “Japan Revitalization Strategy”“Japan Revitalization Strategy” sets forth three action plans detailing concreteinitiatives for the realization of growth:
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(1) Plan for the Revitalization of Japanese IndustryRevive a manufacturing industry that can succeed in global competition, andcreate high value-added service industries.Achieve a society which facilitates company operations and leverages the fullpotential of individuals.
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(2) Strategic Market Creation PlanFour themes were selected among the social challenges confronting the world andJapan, in which Japan has advantages over other countries. Japan’s global marketsin these fields are expected to grow, and they are expected to become strategicsectors. By becoming a world pioneer in resolving these social challenges, Japanwill spur the development of new growth sectors.
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(3) Strategy of Global Outreach• Attract global talents, goods, and funds to Japan through proactive entries intointernational markets by Japanese businesses and increases in FDI in Japan, andtap into global economic growth.• Promote extensive globalization within Japan• Advance strategic, public-private joint initiatives inside and outside Japan throughthe concerted efforts of the Government.
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Business Cooperation between Japan and DenmarkTrade and InvestmentImport from JapanExport to Japan(Y2012)Share19%14%13%12%8%
2,336 M DKKCategoryMachineryManufactured goodsTransport equipmentChemicalsElectrical machinery
13,626 M DKKCategoryMeatPharmaceuticalMachineryElectrical machineryDairy product
(Y2012)Share34%24%6%5%3%
Denmark’s Export ofPigmeat (Y2011)GermanyUKJapanPolandChinaM DKK Tonnes7,198 611,5804,830 281,4893,636 135,9732,574 210,3351,537 178,886
Source: Danish Agriculture & Food Council
Source: Trade Statistics of Japan, Statistics Denmark *
Danish Investment in Japan
Japanese Investment in Denmark
-121 M DKK196 M DKK
(Y2011)(Y2012)
69,250 M DKK355 M DKK
(Y2011)(Y2012)Source: Bank of Japan *
Nycomed A/S – acquired byTakeda Pharmaceutical
Danish Companies in Japan
Japanese Companies in Denmark
32Other cooperation
(Y2012)
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(Y2012)Source: Toyo Keizai
Agreement on further collaboration in three target areas (life science, welfare robotictechnology and green clean technology) was made between Danish PM Rasmussen andJapanese PM Hatoyama in 2009.
Research collaboration (Life Science):Lundbeck and Otsuka, Shionogi and 5 Danish UniversitiesField Testing (Welfare Technology):Panasonic and Odense/Aarhus, Tmsuk and FaaborgFact Finding Visit (Green Clean Technology):Mr. Akaba,Vice Minister of Economy and Trade and Mr. Watanabe, Leader of YourParty visited Denmark in May 201332* Each amount was converted to DKK based on the annual average currency rates.
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Political / Business Collaboration SapporoAtmospheric Readings in Tokyo, Osaka and
2010
In March, former Prime Minister Lars Lokke Rasmussen has visited Japan and metwith former Prime Minister Hatoyama to discuss deepening the bilateral relationsespecially in business, science and technology fields.3 focus area- life science- robotic technology- clean green technology34
Atmospheric Readings in Tokyo, Osaka and SapporoConcrete Cooperation: Robotic Technology2008Seal shaped robot “Paro” is introduced in elderly care home in Denmark(with DTI, about 200 are sold in Denmark, 70 in the Netherlands and 50in Germany as of October 2012)2010Panasonic signed an agreement with Odense municipality and Aarhus municipality forfield test for a robotic bed especially for super hospitals2011MarchStarted a field test for a human shaped robot ”telenoid”(2011 Svendborg (south of Odense), 2012 Aalborg)JuneStarted a field test for a monitoring robot “roborier”(2011 Faaborg (south of Odense))JuneAn Economic Exchange Promotion Agreement signed by Danish Embassy in Tokyo and OsakaCity35
International Cooperation:Higashi-matsushimaSigns Agreement with Lolland City (Denmark)◆LollandCity(Denmark)has supportedHigashi-matsushima in various ways afterthe Earthquake and tsunami.◆Thetwo municipalities have entered intoa MOU to closely collaborate in terms oftechnology sharing and human resourcesdevelopment to realize bothearthquakedisaster reconstructionand the“FutureCity” Initiative.※Lolland:A town with a population of 45,000 on the Island ofLolland, located in the southern region of the Kingdomof Denmark. It is a self-sufficient town with energysupplied by wind mills, and provides its surplus energyto large cities such as Copenhagen. It is a leadingenvironmental city and is the world’s first “HydrogenCommunity.”
■Photo:Panoramic View of Higashi-matsushima
■Photo:Signing the AgreementLeft: Stig Vestergaard, Mayor of LollandRight: Hideo Abe, Mayor of Higashi-matsushima
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Reconstruction from East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami（Ⅰ）Damageto stocks (social capital, housing, private plants & equipment)16.9 trillion yen (135 billion euro)(about 3.5% of GDP Japan)(about 65% of GDP Denmark)17．8％13．0％
Reconstruction Budget:- 152 billion euro in 10 years(80% of which is planned to be spent in5 years)
7．7％
61．5％
Revised Reconstruction Budget:Under New Government(Jan 27th)- 200 billion euro in 10 years
（Ⅱ）Lossof power generation capacity (As of January.2013)2 reactors out of 50 is in operation= 25-30% of total electricity generationIncreasein import of natural gasin 2011, it increased by about 18% (43.5 billion euro ) toabout 40% of energy mix and became one of the causesfor trade deficit in 2011Decreasein electricity consumptionPromotion of renewable energyintroduction of feed-in-tariff (July, 2012)
Energy Plan (September, 2012)- Zero Nuclear in 2030s
Revising Energy PlanUnder New Government-More Renewables and Less Nuclear-but should decide when and how37
Energy mix in JapanBefore(2011)1%9%31%24%WaterCoalＬＮＧOILNuclear
1%
After(2011)9%25%Water
11%
14%
CoalＬＮＧOILNuclearRenewable etc
8%27%
Renewable etc
40%
Reference:Agency of Natural resources and energy of Japan,Energy white paper 2011(http://www.enecho.meti.go.jp/topics/hakusho/2011energyhtml/2-1-4.html)38
Innovative Strategy for Energy and the Environment(Expansion of Renewable energy)($404billion)($170 billion)($85 billion)
($17 billion/year)
($24billion/year)
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Innovative Strategy for Energy and the Environment(Expansion of Cogeneration)
($64billion)($24billion)
($3.2billion)
($2.1billion/year)
($4.3billion/year)
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Japan’s energy policy1. Policy measures to promote renewable energy(1)Feed-in-tariff (introduced 1 July, 2012)(2)Incentive measures(3)Deregulation(accelerating use of farmlands and nationalparks etc. for wind, solar and geothermal power)2. Electricity system reform(1)Liberalization of electricity market in 3 years (2016)(2)Unbundling of generators and transmission operators in5-7years (2018-2020)3.Nuclear power(2/50)(1)Review former Government’s plan which will phase outnuclear power by 2030’s(2)Reduce dependency on nuclear power(3)Resume operation when proven to be safe
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Introduction of Feed-in TariffFeed-in-TariffIntroduced as of 1stJuly, 2012[�/KWh]Blue figure : Requested buying prices(Yen) from industries (from July, 2012 to March, 2013)Red figure : The result of the cost review(Yen)
57.75
(Under 20 kW )
50403020108.6-23.19.2-11.69.9-20.0
4235.730.4525.219.1-22.0(20 kW ormore)
4234
40.9533.625.217.8513.6517.4-32.2
23.1
27.3
(Under 20 kW*Place self powergenerator exceptphotovoltaic)
042
Incentive measures for renewable energy1. Preference Tax policy(1)7% of installation cost (deductible)or(2)Depreciation of 30% installation cost(deductible) inaddition to regular tax deduction2. (1)Concessional loan for about 40% of installationcost(2)Loan guarantee by the government3. 50% of cost for field survey for wind turbines/solarpanels43
Theoretical Potentiality of the Renewable EnergySource: Ministry of Environment in Japan, “Study of Potential for the Introduction of Renewable Energy（FY2010）”http://www.env.go.jp/earth/report/h23-03/summary_en.pdf
Installed Capacity (million kW)
policy incentivesPolicy incentivesType of EnergyIntroductionpotentialFITFITFITtechnologyFIT ++ subsidyinnovationFIT +FIT + subsidytechnologyinnovationFIT + technologyFIT + technologyinnovation+ subsidyinnovation+subsidy
Photovoltaic Power（Non-Residential)OnshoreWindPower OffshoreTotalSmall and Medium-ScaleHydropowerGeothermal Power
1502801,6001,9001414
024～1400～324～1401.1～31.1～4.8
0~260.2～72130~2602700.3~330140130~5904104.32.7~5.41.5~4.35.2
0.2~720～26270130～2601400.3～330410130～5902.7～5.44.35.21.5～4.3
69～1002801,2001,5007.44.6
(23.5)44
After the deregulation, Japan will have the potential to generate 23.47 million KW
Future City Project11 cities were selected as “FutureCity” which is a part of “New Growth Strategy” launched in2010. It tackles issues regarding environment and super-aging societies by creating model citiessupported by renewable energy, smart-grid, smart meter and other IT.
○6cities from affectedarea1. Ohfunato &Rikuzentakada, Iwate2. Kamaishi, Iwate3. Iwanuma, Miyagi4. Higashimatsushima,Miyagi5. Soma, Fukushima6. Shinchi, Fukushima○5cities from non-affected area1. Shimokawa, Hokkaido2. Kashiwa, Chiba3. Yokohama, Kanagawa4. Toyama, Toyama5. Kitakyushu, Fukuoka
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Off-shore wind power in JapanSetana-town, Hokkaido(1,200kW)Sakata-city, Yamagata(10,000kW)
FukushimaFloating type(16,000kW) *Under constructionKamisu-city,Ibaraki(14,000kW),(280,000kW)*UnderinvestigationChoushi-city,Chiba(2,400kW)*Underconstruction
Kitakyusyu-city, Fukuoka(2,000kW)*Under construction
Goshima-city, NagasakiFloating type(100kW),(2,000kW) *Under construction
In 2030, the capacity of off-shore wind power parks will correspond to 8 nuclear power stations46
