MPU, Alm.del - 2010-11 (1. samling) - Bilag 544: Henvendelse af 27/4-11 fra Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility (CCNR) om Transport of 16 Radioactive Steam Generators from Canada

September13,2010MichaelBinder,PresidentLouiseLevert,SecretariatCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission280SlaterStreetP.OBox1046,StationBOttawa,OntarioK1P5S9DearMr.Binder:On behalf of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative, I am enclosing ourwritten position on the proposed shipment by Bruce Power of 16 radioactive steamgenerators on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River. The Great Lakes and St.Lawrence are a precious resource providing drinking water to over 40 million people.BecauseofthevitalresourcesthattheLakesandRivercontributetooureconomy,healthandlives,weneedtoensuretheprotectionandrestorationoftheLakesandRiver.AsstewardsoftheLakesandRiver,wehaveseriousconcernsabouttheproposedprojectin three main areas: potential environmental impact, process followed, and potentialprecedentsettingnature. Therefore,weopposethisshipment. Untilanewsubmissionispresented with all the necessary information to make an informed decision and thatinformation is made available to the public, the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commissionshould not approve this proposal. Such information must demonstrate clearly that theshipmentdoesnotpresentanunacceptablerisk.We have previously expressed our support for your decision to hold a hearing on thismatter. We hereby request to intervene and make an oral presentation outlining ourconcernsattheupcominghearingonSeptember29,2010(alsorequestedonline).Wearepleasedtodiscussthismatterwithyouatanytime.

ExecutiveSummaryThe Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River are a precious resource providing drinkingwaterforover40millionpeople.BecauseofthevitalresourcesthattheLakescontributetooureconomy,healthandlives,weneedtoensuretheprotectionandrestorationoftheLakes.As stewards of the Lakes, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative hasreviewed Bruce Power’s application to package and transport sixteen radioactive steamgenerators on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence. The Cities Initiative has concerns inthreemainareas:1)Potentialenvironmentalimpact,2)Processfollowed,and3)Potentialprecedentsettingnature.We oppose this shipment. Until a new submission is presented with all the necessaryinformationtomakean informeddecisionandthatinformation is madeavailabletothepublic,theCanadianNuclearSafetyCommissionshouldnotapprovethisproposal.Suchinformationmustdemonstrateclearlythattheshipmentdoesnotpresentanunacceptablerisk.Ourconcernsoverpotentialenvironmentalimpactsaremultiple.Wefindthat:¶theshipmentindividuallyandcollectivelyfarexceedstheinternationalallowablelimitsforradioactivityforasingleshipontheGreatLakesandtheSt.Lawrence(by50times),andalsotheAtlanticOceanandSwedishwaters,¶therisksaregreateronwaterthanland,¶the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission’s environmental impact analysisappearstorestonbestcaseratherthanworstcaseassumptions,¶theenvironmentalreview is limited indetailand inscopeanddoes notconsiderecologicalimpacts,¶the analysis did not consider an accident scenario on the St. Lawrence or theconnectingchannelsortheAtlanticOcean,¶theoptimumtimingfortheshipmentwasnotanalysed,¶theemergencymeasuresforthevesselshipment,rehabilitationincaseofaccidentandresponsibilityforcleanupcostsarevagueinsomeareas,¶the burden of proof to demonstrate environmental safety appears to be reversedandshouldideallyrestwithBrucePowerandthenbereviewedbytheCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission.Onoursecondconcernofprocessfollowed,wenotethattheearlyprocessofconsultationwithallparties,includingMayors,andprovisionofinformationwaspoor.Therearestillseveral important information gaps in the materials, including environmental review,additional accident scenarios, emergency measures, demonstration of need andalternatives to the proposal. There does not appear to be an environmental or public 3177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de ValleyfieldRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

healthreasontojustifytherushedprocess.Wearealsoconcernedaboutthedifficultyinclarifying questions and obtaining the environmental review which are important toassesstheproposalpriortothesubmissiondeadline.Onourthirdconcernaboutpotentialprecedentsettingnatureoftheapplication,itappearsthatthismaybethefirstCanadianapplicationtoshipradioactivegeneratorsontheGreatLakes and St. Lawrence. It may be the first application which exceeds internationalradioactivitylimitsforasingleshipontheLakes.Itisthestartofagrowingglobaltrendandthereforerequirescarefulconsiderationandallsafeguards.Wewelcometheopportunitytodiscusstheseconcerns.

IntroductionThis is a submission from the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative on BrucePower’s application to the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission for permission to shipsixteenradioactivesteamgeneratorsontheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrence.1)TheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativeMayorsoftheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativeareaprominentvoiceineffortstoprotect and restore the vitality of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River and improve thequalityoflifefortheresidentsoftheregion.TheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiative(GLSLCI) isa binationalcoalitionof mayorsandother localofficialsthatworksactivelywithfederal,state,andprovincialgovernmentstoadvancetheprotectionandrestorationoftheGreatLakesandtheSt.LawrenceRiver.CurrentlyGLSCIincludesover70mayorsfromaroundtheLakes,representingover13millionpeople.Wehavebeenactivelyengagedingatheringinformationaboutthisapplicationoverthepastfewmonths.TheMayorsoftheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativefocussedonansweringthe following questions about the proposed shipment including: What are the potentialenvironmental and health impacts of shipment of the generators and an accident involving thegenerators? What safeguards have been applied and are these sufficient? Is there a soundemergencyresponseplanincaseofaccidentandadequateresourcesonhandincaseofaccidentand clean up? Have all communities been informed? Does this proposed shipment meet allrequirementsanddoesitrepresentaprecedent?We have discussed this proposal at length within our organization. We believe it is a verysignificantissuethatdeservestheclosestpossibleattentionandscrutinyoftheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrencecommunity.Agreatdealisatstake.2)ProposedShipmentBrucePowerisproposingtotransportsixteenradioactive steamgenerators,nowin storage,byroadfromtheWesternWasteManagementfacilitytoOwenSoundandthenbyshipthroughtheGreatLakestoSweden.RemainingmaterialtooradioactivetobesoldwillbetransportedbacktoBrucePower.3)NatureoftheconcernsTheconcernsoftheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativewiththeproposedshipmentfallintothreecategories:5177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

1)Potentialenvironmentalimpacts2)Processfollowed3)PotentialprecedentsettingnatureConcern1)PotentialEnvironmentalImpactsOne of the major concerns of the Mayors of the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence CitiesInitiativeisthepotentialforanaccidenttocauseenvironmentalandhealthimpacts.Thiscould result in the release of radioactivity potentially impacting drinking water, anddamagingtheecosystemoftheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrence.TheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceRiverareavitalresourceprovidingdrinkingwaterforabout40 millionpeople. Alongthe Canadiansidealone,about70%ofpeople inOntarioandalmost50%ofpeopleinQuebectaketheirdrinkingwaterdirectlyfromtheLakesandRiver.TheGreatLakesformthelargestsystemoffreshwateronearth,accountingforalmost20%oftheworldsfreshwater.They arehometoalmost35millionpeopleinCanadaandtheUS.AlongtheCanadianside,98%ofpeopleinOntarioand60%ofpeopleinQuebecliveintheGreatLakesSt.Lawrencebasin.EightofCanada’slargestcitiesaretheGreatLakes·StLawrencebasin.Theyarealsohometoawidevarietyofwildlife,fishandplants.Infact,theGreatLakesbasinisoneofthemostbiologicallyrichregionsofCanada.Asourceofcleanwaterisalsoimportanttosustain and process our food. The Great Lakes region provides 95% of farm cash receipts inOntario.YettheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrenceareoftenanundervaluedandunderappreciatedresource.LocalgovernmentshaveadirectroleandinterestintheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrence.Because of the vital resources thatthe Lakes and River contribute toour economy, health andlives,weneedtoensuretheprotectionandrestorationoftheLakesandRiver.1)InadequatelevelofdetailonenvironmentalimpactsbyBrucePowerThe environmental impacts of this proposal are given short shift compared to the volumes ofmaterial available on some of the engineering aspects of the proposal. The document andbackground material describe in great detail the optimum design of some of the engineeringaspectsoftheproposal,suchasthetransportsaddles(over30pages)andyettheenvironmentalaspectsdonotappeartoreceivethesamelevelofdetail(4pages).2)RiskonwatergreaterthanlandThe Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) staff report describes various accidentscenariosrunbytheCNSC.Thedocumentnotesthattherisksaregreateronwatercomparedto6177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

land.Section4.1.9“Sincescenariosduringroadtransportdonotexperiencethe flushingeffectexperiencedduringimmersioninwater,thewaterscenariosboundthepotentialconsequencesofloadingandtransportofthesteamgenerators.”Thefactthattherisksaregreaterinwaterthanonlandshouldhaveincreasedthenumberandtypeofaccidentscenariosonwater.TheInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency(IAEA)SafetyStandardsGuideTS·G·1.2(ST·3)alsoconfirmsthatforaccidentsinvolvingwatertransport“thespreadofcontaminationinawaterwaymaybemuchgreaterthanthatinvolvedinalandaccident.”3)TotalamountofradioactivityonshipexceedsinternationalregulationsThetotalamountofradioactivityinthisproposedshipmentexceedstheallowableamountassetby the International Atomic Energy Agency regulations for the safe transport of radiologicalmaterials. The international rule is ”The total activity for a single hold or compartment of aninlandwatercraft,forcarriageofSCO·IinTypeIP·1cannotexceed10A2,andforconveyancesotherthanbyinlandwaterway,100A2(paragraph525ofregulationTS·R·1).”The Bruce Power application notesthat each steam “generator contains between 30 and 37 A2“andthat“atotalinventoryof545A2forall16generators.”TheCNSCreportstates“Basedonthetotalquantityofthematerialpresentedinthe16steamgenerators,thelimitforasinglevesselcontainingSCO·1materialisexceeded.”Eachofthesegeneratorsindividuallyexceedstheinternationalguidelinesandcollectivelythe16steamgeneratorsexceedtheinternationalallowableguidelinesforradioactivityallowedonasingleshipbymorethan50times.Collectivelythisshipmentwouldalsoexceedbymorethan5timestheallowableguidelinesforconveyancesotherthanbyinlandwaterwaysuchastheAtlanticOceanandSwedishwaters(545A2vs.100A2).ThiswouldmeanthatthisshipmentwouldnotmeetinternationalguidelinesontheGreatLakes,St.LawrenceSeaway,andalsoontheAtlanticOceanandSwedishwater.Thisisofconcern.These international limits are specifically set for the type of waste (SCO·1) applied to thegeneratorsinthetypeofpackage(TypeIP·1)appliedtothegeneratorswhenshippedoninlandwater ways such as the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence. This international radioactivity limit isthereforedirectlyapplicabletothisproposedshipment,andyetithasnotbeenfollowed.TheCNSC staffreportnotesthatBrucePowerprovideda justificationtoCNSCforexceedingtheseactivityconveyance limits.BrucePowerarguesthateven ifthisshipmentdoesnotmeetthe numerical allowable limit, it meets the intent of the regulations. The discussion is then onhowtoapplycompensatorymeasurestoensureequivalentsafety.Manyofthesecompensatorymeasuresarerequiredanyway.7177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

This international limit regulating the allowable amount of radioactivity on a single ship isdirectlyapplicabletothisshipmentandshouldbefollowed.ThisshipmentshouldthereforenotbeapprovedbecauseitdoesnotmeetinternationalallowablelimitsforradioactivityforasingleshipontheGreatLakes,St.LawrenceSeawayandalsoontheAtlanticOcean.4)UseofbestcaseinsteadofworsecaseassumptionsinenvironmentalanalysisTheCNSCenvironmentalanalysissummarisedinsection4.3.2oftheCNSCstaffreportrestsonseveralassumptions.Theassumptionsinclude:thatonlyoneofthe16generatorsisinvolvedinanaccident,onlyaverysmallpartialrelease(0.132%)ofradioactivematerialfromonegeneratoroccurs,andlargewaterdilutionfactors.Onthefirstassumptionthatonlyonegeneratorisinvolvedinanaccident,thismaymakesensefortheearlieraccidentscenariowhenonlyonegeneratorisbeingloadedbycraneontotheboat.Itdoesnotseemtomakesomuchsenseforthisaccidentscenariotoassumeonlyonegeneratoris involved inanaccidentontheGreatLakeswhenall16generatorsarethesame holdofoneship. Indeedall 16generatorsare fairly closely packedtogether intheship hold,so muchso,thattwoofthegeneratorshavetobeplacedinoppositeorientation.Whattypeofaccidentwouldresultinonlyonegeneratorbeingaffected?Thiswouldseemlikeabestcasescenarioratherthanaworstcasescenario.Therearenoanalysispresentedusingotherthanthisassumptionthanonlyonegeneratorisinvolvedinanaccident.Thisisofconcern.Thesecondassumptionintheenvironmentalreviewisthatonly1%oftheradioactivematerialwouldbereleasedincaseofanaccident.Thisdocumentstatesthatthis1%assumptionisdrawnfromIAEAadvisorymaterials.Thisisacriticalassumption.Weseekclarificationonthiscriticalassumption. IAEA descriptions on one actual accident documents 30% of the material wasreleased.Weseekclarificationonwhetherthisisbasedonaccidentsatsea,whichgenerallyhavealongerrecoverytimeThisagainseemslikeabestcasescenarioratherthanaworsecasescenario.Itishardtoimaginehowonly1%ofthematerialinonegeneratorwouldbereleasedinanaccidentofashipontheGreat Lakes. The environmental analysis does not present impacts if other assumptions on theamountofreleaseareused.Itwouldseeprudenttoperformtheenvironmentalanalysisusingarange of assumptions on the radioactivity release fraction, rather than assuming the releasefraction is as lowas1%.Whatpercentageofthe materialwouldneedtobereleasedtoexceedtheHealthCanadaguidelines?Thethirdassumptionrestsontheamountofdilutionprovided bytheLakes. Asenvironmentalmanagementhasevolved,usingtheGreatLakestodiluteradiologicalcontaminationisgrowinglessacceptable.Morespecifically,theassumptionsusedsuchastypeofmodellingorthedilutionfactors is not described in the summary, so there is no way to assess the adequacy of these8177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

values or this analysis. It is not clear if the analysis accounted for the different mixingbehavioursoftheLakesduringdifferentseasonsorunderdifferentconditions.Thedepths,flowsandbehaviourofeachLakearealsoquitedifferent,sotheanalysisononelakemaynotapplytoanotherlakeandcertainlywouldnotapplytoaconnectingchannelortheSt.LawrenceWe also seek clarification on a number of other questions including how the modelled resultscomparetotheOntarioDrinkingWaterStandardsindividuallyandtheICRPmethodformultipleradionuclides.Theenvironmentalimpactassessmentisalsolimitedinscope.Itdoesnotincludeanassessmentof ecological impacts such as impacts to wildlife, fish, and potential food chain contaminationetc.Italsodoesnotassessthepotentialtocontaminatewaterusedforirrigationofcrops.The environmental impact analysis is a critically important part of this proposal, and yet theburdenofproofisnotbornebytheproponent,itlacksthelevelofdetailpresentinsomeotherpartsoftheproposal,restsofaseriesofwhatappeartobebestcaseassumptions,is limited inscope, does not include an analysis for the St. Lawrence, connecting channels or the AtlanticOceanandtheunderlyinganalysisarenotavailableforreview.Thisisofconcern.5) No environmental impact analysis on St. Lawrence River, connecting channels orAtlanticOceanThereareseveralaccidentscenariosrunontheloadingoperationandonlyonerunonthewatershipment portion, and no accident scenarios run on the St. Lawrence or the ocean. This isinadequate.Theenvironmentalreview is limited ingeographicscopetotheGreatLakesnearshore.ItdoesnotconsiderthedifferentconditionsontheSt.LawrenceRiver,theconnectingchannelsortheAtlantic Ocean. The St. Lawrence connecting channels and the Atlantic Ocean have differentcharacteristicsthantheGreatLakesandsothepotentialenvironmentalimpactsofanaccidentinthese regions need to be evaluated. We are concerned about the potential to expose largenumbersofpeopleifanaccidentoccurrednearaheavilypopulatedarea.It would be prudent to do accident scenarios in other geographic areas, including the St.Lawrence,connectingchannelsandAtlanticOcean.6)BurdenofproofforenvironmentalsafetyappearstobereversedThe burden to prove environmental safety for this shipment should rest with the proponent,Bruce Power. In this case it seems that the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC)assumedtheburdenofproofforenvironmentalsafety,insteadofBrucePower.SoCNSCstaff,instead of Bruce Power, performed accident scenarios to assess environmental impacts of the9177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

shipment.ThisassessmentwasthenalsoreviewedbyCNSCstaff,andastaffrecommendationmade. In effect, CNSC staff became both the creator of the environmental review and theevaluator of the environmental review. This is not ideal. In other parts of the application, theproponent,BrucePowerassumedtheburdenofprooftodemonstratethesafetyofmanyoftheengineeringaspectsoftheshipment(i.e.thedesignofthetransportsaddles,thetiedownsystem)andCNSCevaluatedthem.We appreciate that the environment impact review is a CNSC staff recommendation to theCNSC Tribunal, but it carries a lot of weight. Ideally, the proponent Bruce Power would haveassumed the burden of proof by conducting a more thorough environmental review and theCNSCwouldhaveevaluatedtheBrucePowerproposal.7)Shipmentunder“exclusiveuse”loosensobligationsThisapplicationproposesshipment“underexclusiveuse”.Thismeansthattheshipmentisunder“thesoleuse,byasingleconsignor,ofaconveyance…inwhichallinitial,intermediateandfinalloading and unloading is carried out in accordance with the directions of the consignor orconsignee”AccordingtoIAEAtrainingmaterials,shipmentunderexclusiveuserelaxesmanyoftherequirementsonpackagingandshipping.Wouldthisshipmentmeetallguidelinesifitwasnotunderexclusiveuse?8)EmergencymeasuresandcleanupplansarevagueinpartsTheemergencymeasuresareacriticalpartoftheassessmentofthisapplication.Therearetwodocumentsdescribingtheemergencymeasures·theemergencyresponseplanandtheshipboardemergency plan. The emergency response plan for the ship portion seems less detailed andvaguerthatthelandandtruckportion,yetthereportnotesthattherisksaregreaterinwaterthanonland.Theshipboardemergencyplanisnotspecifictothisshipmentortotheseconditions,ratheritisagenericplandevelopedbythecompanyforshippingirradiatednuclearfuel.Itispositivethata“more restrictive, careful plan” is being proposed for this shipment. However, not all of themeasures in the shipboard emergency plan appear to be completely applicable. Some of thestatedpurposesofthemeasuresarealsonotdesignedtominimiseenvironmentalimpacts.Inthesectionoftheshipboardemergencyplanthatspecifiesguidanceonwhattodointheeventofarelease (7.3), it states that measures must be worked out in advance of the shipment. It is notclear thatthe detailed specific measures for this shipmentto betaken in the eventof a releasehavebeenadequatelyworkedoutinadvanceofthisshipment.Wealsoseekclarificationontherehabilitationandrestorationplanintheeventofanaccidentandtheresponsibilityforthecostofcleanup.10177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

9)OptimumtimingofshipmentnotanalysedAstime hasprogressed,thepotentialdatesof shipment(originally listedas June30toSept7)have become later in the year. Given the September 29 hearing date,the preparations requiredpretransportandtheloadingtimes(still46days?),itwouldappeartheproposedshipmentdatewouldnowbeNovemberorDecember.Hasthechangedpotentialshipmentdatebeenconsideredandanalysed forlikelihoodofaccident?Late fallandwinterarestormy,cold, icytimesonthelakes,pronetohighwindsandwavesonsomeoftheLakesandtheAtlantic.Inaddition,partsoftheshippingrouteandSeawaycloseinDecemberdependingonconditions.Thesedatesarealsooften very busytimesonthe WellandCanaland Seaway. Withthechanges intheworldgrainmarket,averybusyfallshippingseasonisexpectedontheLakesandSeaway.Hastheoptimumtimeofshipmentbeenconsidered?Ifsopleaseprovidetheanalysis.Theapplication(section4.7)indicatesthattheshipmentroutewouldbe“designedtominimiseimpact on the general public by continuous movement during daylight hours through lesspopulatedareastotheextentpossible.”Doesthismeanthattheshipmentwouldbeatnightinthemostpopulatedareas?10)NewlowerlimitsonseawayandlakesneedtobeconsideredThe CNSC staff asked questions regarding the draft of the ship. Bruce Power stated that thescantlingdraftoftheshipwas7.25metres.Itisnotclearwhattheexpecteddraftwouldbewhenfullyloadedwiththegeneratorsandballast.ManysectionsoftheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrenceareoperatingunderalowwaterregimeandsothemaximumallowabledrafthasbeenreducedto8.08 m. Several ships have ground ashore this year due to lower water levels. What is theexpecteddraftoftheshipwhenfullyloadedwiththegenerators?AndhowdoesthiscomparetothenewlowerlimitsontheshippingrouteandSeaway?Andintheexpectedstormconditionsonthe Lakes which can result in sudden storm surges of 1 meter of more? Please provide theanalysis.11)DifficultyinobtainingadditionalinformationTheCitiesInitiativerequestedadditionalclarificationonthetechnicalreviewofenvironmentalimpactsasthesewereneededinadvanceofthedeadlineforwrittensubmissionsandthisrequestwasdeclined.The statedreason for CNSC staff refusal to clarify questions was thatthe hearing provided anopportunity to present concerns, and later, that the questions did not represent a writtenintervention. Withoutanswerstomanycriticalquestionsontheproposal,careful evaluationoftheenvironmentalimpactsandotheraspectsoftheproposalareverydifficult.Whilethehearingdoesprovidesomeopportunitiestopresentconcerns,itisnotanidealforumtoreviewdetailedtechnicalquestions.Thesetypesofquestionsrequireadiscussion,reviewofwrittenmaterials, 11177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

research and careful thought not easily obtained in a hearing structure and setting. The CitiesInitiativewasverydisappointedwiththedifficultyinclarifyingaspectsoftheapplicationpriortothe deadline for written submissions. Please provide the underlying technical environmentalreviewanddiscussionoftheattachedquestions.Concern2)ProcessFollowed1)PoorinitialcommunicationandconsultationManylocalmayors,groupsandnativegovernmentsfirstlearntoftheprojectthroughthemedia,rather than through strategic advanced communication from Bruce Power. There was littleinformationinitiallyavailable,andlittleinitialproactiveconsultationandcommunication.Bruce Power did then move to hold a series of meetings and open houses which did help toprovide some details of the proposal. CNSC also responded with a series of meetings and byannouncingaonedayhearing.Thesewerepositivedevelopmentsbutcamelateintheprocess.2)PoorinitialconsultationswithMayorsThis shipment was of immediate concern to many Mayors around the lakes. Several Mayorsrequested meetings on the issue. This direct line of communication helped to understand theproposal.However,recentrefusalbyCNSCtoclarifyquestionshashamperedcommunication.3)InformationgapsSeveralpartsoftheoriginalapplicationwerevagueandnotsufficientlydetailed.Theseincludedthe emergency measures, dose measurements, shipboard emergency plan, and environmentalimpactassessmentandaccident scenarios.Bruce Powerdidnotseemtodoanyanalysisoftheaccidentscenarios.BrucePowerdidnotappeartosubmitanyenvironmentalimpactsofaccidentscenarios.Therearestillseveralimportantgapsintheproposal.Thisisofconcern.4)RushedprocessWhiletheinitialapplicationwasfiledinApril2010,CNSCstaffaskedforadditionalmaterials,and most people did not become aware of the proposal until June or July. Detailed materialswerereleasedonAugust20,withsubmissionstoCNSCdueSeptember13andaCNSChearingonSeptember29.Thisshorttimeframetoreviewlengthymaterialsmakesitdifficulttorespond.What’sthehurry?Manyofthesesteamgeneratorshavebeeninstorageforoveradecade.Unit2generators were removed in 1995 and Unit 1 in 1997. There does not seem to be an12177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

environmental or public health reason that would justify the rushed regulatory and publicprocess. We have time and should take the time to properly analyse the proposal, seekclarifications, hold hearings and consult, optimise the time of shipment and make sure allsafeguardsaremet.5)LatedetailedplansManyofthemoredetailedaspectsofthisproposalseemtohavebeenworkedoutrelativelylateintheprocess.TheyalsoseemtohavebeengeneratedinresponsetothoughtfulCNSCconcernsinseveralareas.SeveralaspectsofconcerntotheMayorsincludingtheemergencyplansandtheenvironmentalreviewseemtohavehappenedlateintheprocess.6)NoinformationonneedforproposalAspartofthetermsoftheEnvironmentalAssessmentapproval,thesesteamgeneratorsweretobeclassifiedasradioactivewastesandstoredonsite.IfaproponentisproposingtochangethetermsoftheapprovedEnvironmentalAssessment,itwouldseemtobeprudentfortheproponenttoanswerquestionsonneedfortheprojectandalternativestotheprojectwhichformpartofthecorerequirements of an environmental assessment. Bruce Power does not provide an adequatejustification on the need for this shipment, and the need to ship the generatorsthis fall. Whileperhapsnotstrictlyrequiredunderthetransportregulations,itwouldbegoodpracticeforBrucePowertoprovidejustificationofneedanddetailsofalternativeconsidered.Thelackofadequatejustificationoftheneedforthisproposal,atthistime,andlackofconsiderationofalternativesisofconcern.7)NoinformationonalternativestoproposalAsnotedabove,BrucePowerdoesnotprovideanadequatediscussionoftheotheralternativesexamined,andanevaluationofwhytheproposedshipmentisthepreferredchoice.Alternativesthatcouldbeconsideredinclude,Couldthismaterialbemanagedclosertohomeandminimisetransport?Couldothermethodsoftransportationbeusedforthisshipment?8)DifficultyinobtainingclarifyinginformationCities Initiative staff have reviewed the materials submitted, particularly the application byBruce Power andthe CNSC staff report.It is not possible to fully understand the assumptionsusedintheenvironmentalreviewfromthesummary(section4.3.2)intheCNSCreport.Aspartofthisreviewseveralareasrequiringclarificationcameup.Manyofthesequestionswouldhelpto assess the proposed shipment. This information was needed in preparation of the writtensubmissionandinadvanceofthehearinginordertounderstandtheimplicationsoftheshipment.InformationwasrequestedfromtheCNSCstaff,particularlyontheenvironmentalreview.Theserequests for information were declined. While the hearing does provide a forum to express13177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

concerns,theyaredetailedtechnicalquestionsnoteasilyansweredandconsidered inahearingsetting, but requiring a thoughtful review and consideration. The questions have beenresubmittedaspartofthissubmission.Concern3)PotentialPrecedentSettingNatureofShipment1) Appears to be first request for shipment of radioactive steam generators on the GreatLakesinCanadaThe proposed shipment also seems to have the potential to set a precedent for shipment ofradioactivematerialfromCanadaontheGreatLakes.ItappearsthatthisisthefirstshipmentontheGreatLakesofradioactive steamgeneratorsrequestingapproval from CNSCunderspecialarrangement. It may also be the first proposal seeking to exceed the allowable internationallimitsforradioactivityonasingleshipontheGreatLakes.Theamount,typesand volumesofradioactive materialsshippedontheGreatLakes is hardtoevaluate without additional data from the CNSC and others in the past ten years. The BrucePower application does note a previous shipment of a radioactive steam generator on LakeMichigan (no numbers or details given) and shipment of uranium hexafluoride on the St.Lawrence 2003 to 2005. This still does not seem like shipment of radioactive materials iscommonontheGreatLakes.2)PartofagrowingglobaltrendAs the IAEA notes there is growing global trade in decommissioning nuclear plants andinternational business in waste conditioning resulting in increased shipment of used nuclearequipment. Indeed the Bruce Power is expected to apply to ship another 16 generators toSweden. We need to make sure that we start the process right, ask and answer the rightquestions,consultandconsideralloptions.Thisapplicationmaywellbethestartofatrend.3)LimitedtransportofradioactivematerialsonshipsAs noted above, there appears to be limited transport of radioactive materials on ships in theGreatLakes.ThisneedstobeconfirmedbytheCNSCandothers.4)ConclusionTheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrenceareapreciousresourceprovidingdrinkingwaterforover40millionpeople.BecauseofthevitalresourcesthattheLakescontributetooureconomy, healthandlives,weneedtoensuretheprotection andrestorationoftheLakes.14177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

AsstewardsoftheLakes,theGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativehasreviewedBrucePower’sapplicationtopackageandtransportsixteenradioactivesteamgeneratorsontheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrence.TheCitiesInitiativehasconcernsinthreemainareas:1)Potentialenvironmentalimpact,2)Processfollowed,and3)Potentialprecedentsettingnature.Weopposethisshipment.Untilanewsubmissionispresentedwithallthenecessaryinformationtomakeaninformeddecisionandthatinformationismadeavailabletothepublic,theCanadianNuclear Safety Commission should not approve this proposal. Such information mustdemonstrateclearlythattheshipmentdoesnotpresentanunacceptablerisk.Ourconcernsoverpotentialenvironmentalimpactaremultiple.Wefindthat:¶the shipment individually and collectively far exceed the international allowable limitsforradioactivityforasingleshipontheGreatLakes,St.Lawrence(by50times),andtheAtlanticOceanandSwedishwaters,¶therisksaregreateronwaterthanland,¶theCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission’senvironmentalimpactanalysisappearstorestonbestcaseratherthanworstcaseassumptions,¶the environmental review is limited in detail and in scope and does not considerecologicalimpacts,¶theanalysisdidnotconsideranaccidentscenarioontheSt.LawrenceortheconnectingchannelsortheAtlanticOcean,¶theoptimumtimingfortheshipmentwasnotanalysed,¶the emergency measures for the vessel shipment, rehabilitation in case of accident andresponsibilityforcleanupcostsarevagueinsomeareas,and¶the burden of proof to demonstrate environmental safety appears to be reversed andshould ideally rest with Bruce Power and then be reviewed by the Canadian NuclearSafetyCommission.Onoursecondconcernofprocessfollowed,wenotethattheearlyprocessofconsultationwithall parties, including Mayors, and provision of information was poor. There are still severalimportant information gaps in the materials, including environmental review, emergencymeasures,additionalaccidentscenarios,demonstrationofneedandalternativestotheproposal.There does not appear to be an environmental or public health reason to justify the rushedprocess. We are also concerned about the difficulty in clarifying some questions which areimportanttoassesstheriskoftheproposalpriortothesubmissiondeadline.Onourthirdconcern aboutpotentialprecedentsetting natureoftheapplication, itappearsthatthis may bethe firstCanadianapplicationtoshipradioactivegeneratorsontheGreatLakes.Itmay bethe firstapplicationwhichexceeds internationalradioactivity limits forasingleship15177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

Copies of previous GLSLCI letters to CNSC to be considered part of thissubmissionLetterofSeptember10,2010September10,2010MichaelBinder,PresidentCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission,280SlaterStreet,P.OBox1046,StationB,Ottawa,OntarioK1P5S9DearPresidentBinder:OnbehalfoftheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiative,IamwritingtoexpressdisappointmentwiththelackofinformationavailableontheBrucePowerapplication.InthepastfewweekswehavebeenincontactwithCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission(CNSC)stafftofactfindandgettheinformationneededtohelpmakeaninformedpresentation.IamdisappointedthattheCNSChasrefusedtodiscussorprovidetheunderlyingtechnicalreportontheenvironmentalimpactsofanaccidentontheGreatLakesortheSt.Lawrence,andtoanswerquestionsregardingthisimpactreviewandotherdetailsoftheproposedshipment.Thisinformationisneededinadvanceofthehearinginordertounderstandtheimplicationsoftheshipment.Theyaredetailedtechnicalquestionsnoteasilyansweredandconsideredinahearingsetting,butrequiringathoughtfulreviewandconsideration.Weunderstandtheneedforallpartiestosharethesameinformationandsoencouragethesharingofthetechnicalreviewandotherinformationwithallparties.Ihaveattachedtheproposedquestions,manyofwhichhavebeensubmittedpreviously.Wearepleasedtodiscussthismatterwithyouatanytime.YoursSincerely,

Issue:GreatLakesShipmentofRadioactiveSteamGeneratorsfromBrucePowerOntarioSept7,2010RequestforadditionalinformationAsafollow·uptoearlieremailsrequestingclarificationoninformationprovidedinthedocuments,herearealistofquestionsthattheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativewouldliketoclarifywiththeCNSC.Thesequestionsreflectourinterestinunderstandingtheproposalandmakinganinformedpresentationattheupcominghearing.Questionsinclude:1.Thereismuchinformationonmanyofthetechnicalaspectsofthisproposal(designoftransportsaddlesetc.)butsomuchlessanalysisavailableontheenvironmentalimpactsofpotentialaccidents.DidBrucePowerdoanyanalysisofenvironmentalimpactsofthisshipmentontheGreatLakesoristheCNSCsummarypresentedintheCMDtheentireenvironmentalimpactanalysisavailable?2. ArethefrillCNSCtechnicalreviewreportontheenvironmentalimpactsandunderlyingassumptionsusedintheaccidentscenarioontheGreatLakesavailable?Pleaseforwardthetechnicalreview.3.Theenvironmentalreview(section4.3.2)restsonaseriesofassumptions·namelythatonlyonegeneratorisinvolvedinanaccident,onlyaverysmallpartialrelease(0.132%)ofradioactivematerialfromonegeneratoroccurs,andlargewaterdilutionfactors.Becausethisisacriticallyimportantpartofthedecision,itwouldbeprudenttoexploreadditionalaccidentscenarios·includingwhatwouldhappenifall16generatorswereinvolvedinanaccidentontheGreatLakesandalltheirmaterialwasreleased?4.WouldthedrinkingwaterlevelsthedayoftheaccidentandthefollowingdaysexceedtheActionlevelssetbyHealthCanadaifmorethan1%ofthematerialwasreleased?Andifmorethanonegeneratorwasinvolvedintheaccident?Isitcorrecttosaythatif100%of thematerialwasreleasedfromonegeneratorthenthiswouldexceedtheActionLevelsbyawidemargin?5.Whataretheamountsofreleaseandthenumberofgeneratorsdamagedthatwouldexceedtheguidelines?

6.WhatdilutionfactorswereusedintheGreatLakesanalysis?Whathappenstotheanalysisifthesedilutionfactorsarechangedbyhalfortenfold?7.WasanaccidentscenariodoneforaccidentintheSt.Lawrenceriver,locksoratsea?Theseregionspresentdifferentconditionsthatrequireenvironmentalanalysisandreview.8.HowdotheresultsofthemodeledconcentrationscomparetoOntarioDrinkingWaterStandards(Reg.169/03)andtotheICRPmethod?9.Thegeneratorsappeartodifferintheirradioactivity·wasthistakenintoaccountintheaccidentscenarioanalysis?10.DidtheCNSCverifytheestimateofnonfixedmaterial?11.Thisshipmentexceedstheallowableamountsofradioactivityforasingleship(activitylimitsforconveyance)·Bywhatmargin?Whatnumberofgeneratorswouldmeetthisamount?Hasconsiderationbeengiventoreducingthenumberofgeneratorsshippedtomeettheseallowableamounts?IsthisthefirsttimethattheselimitsareexceededforradioactivematerialontheGreatLakes?Whatothermethodsofcompensatorymeasurescouldbeconsideredforthisshipment?12.Itseemsthatthesteamgeneratorscompletelyfilltheshiphold,somuchsothattwogeneratorshavetobeplaceinoppositeorientation.Whatdeterminedtheneedfor16generatorstobeincludedintheshipment’?Pleaseprovidetheanalysis.13.Muchoftheanalysisrestsoftheassumptionthateachsteamgeneratorisitsownpackage,andsomeetsfissilematerialloadingandpackagingandotherguidelines.However,muchlessoftheanalysisconsidersthecumulativeeffectofthe16generators.Ifthe16steamgeneratorsarecollectivelyconsideredapackage,thenthiswouldexceedmanyoftheallowableguidelines,includingfissilematerialloadingandpackagingrestrictions.14.Astimehasprogressed,thepotentialdatesofshipmentbecomelaterintheyear.Hasthechangedpotentialshipmentdatebeenconsideredandanalysedforlikelihoodofaccident?Latefallandwinterarestormy,coldtimesonthelakes,pronetohighwindsandwavesonsomeoftheLakesandtheAtlantic.Inaddition,partsoftheshippingrouteandSeawaycloseinDecemberdependingonconditions.ThesearealsooftenverybusytimesontheWetlandCanalandSeaway.Hastheoptimumtimeofshipmentbeenconsidered? Ifsopleaseprovidetheanalysis.15.Whatarethepotentialdatesoftheshipment?Willtheshipmentstopanywherealongtheroute?19177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

16.Whatisthedraftoftheshipwhenfullyloadedwiththegenerators?AndhowdoesthiscomparetothenewlowerlimitsontheshippingrouteandSeaway?AndintheexpectedstormconditionsontheLakes?Pleaseprovidetheanalysis.17.Whatroutinginstructionsareexpected?18.Whattypeofshippilotandlevelofexpertisewillberequired?19.Willtheshipbecheckedthatradioactiveamountsarewithinguidelinesbeforeloading,andwilltheseamountsbemadepublic?20.HowlongisitestimatedtotaketoloadthegeneratorsatOwenSoundharbour?Thedocumentsays46days—isthisstillcorrect?IfthereisnolongerastagingareaintheHarbour,thenthesteamgeneratorswouldbeloadeddirectlyontotheboatandtheboatbecomesthestagingarea?21.Whatistheestimateddosetoshipworkers·whoarelikelytobeexposedtomorethanhalfanhouraday asintheanalysis?Whatistheexpecteddosestoseawayandlockworkers?Whatarethedoesratesatone,twoandthreemeters?Isitcorrecttosaythatifapersonstoodbyonegeneratorfor10hours(assumingaveragecontactdoserateof0.1mSvlhour)theywouldreceivethetotalannualrecommendeddoselimitforthegeneralpublic(ImSvperyear)?22.Whyarethemostrecentversion(2005)oftheIAEAtransportationguidelinesnotused?Iftheseguidelinesareused,doesitmakeanydifferenceto theproposal?23.WouldthisshipmentmeetIAEAorCNSCguidelinesforshipmentbytruckorbyrail?24.Thisproposalisforshipmentunderexclusiveuse.Itseemsthatmanyoftherequirementsfortransportationdonotapplyifashipmentisunderexclusiveuse.Wouldthisshipmentmeetguidelinesifitwasnotunderexclusiveuse?25.WhatistheCNSCviewonthetransportindexcalculations?26.Wasacriticalitysafetyindexcalculated?27.HasBrucePowerdemonstratedneedforthisshipment?28.HasBrucePowerdemonstratedanalysisofalternatives·includingrecyclingclosertothefacility?29.PleaseprovideadescriptionofthesafeguardsusedinSwedenandbytheSwedishcompany20177 North State Street, Suite 500, Chicago, Illinois 60601 ~ (312) 201-4516 phone ~ (312) 553-4355 faxwww.glslcities.orgDenis Lapointe, Mayor of Salaberry de Valleyfield, ChairRichard M. Daley, Mayor of Chicago, Founding United States ChairDavid Miller, Mayor of Toronto, Founding Canadian Chair

toensurethatthematerialispermittedforunrestricteduse,andthattheSwedishfacilitymeetsallairemissionguidelines.30.IsBrucePowerplanningtoshiptheotherremaining16generatorsontheGreatLakesatalaterdate?Whatprocesswouldbefollowedforthissecondshipment?31.Whataretheexpectedapprovalandhearingrequirementsforthereturnofthisfirstshipment?Willthisbylandratherthanwater?32.WhataretheannualvolumesandnumberofshipmentofradioactivematerialsshippedontheGreatLakesforthepast10years?33.Theshipboardemergency·planseemsvagueinplacesaboutwhatwouldactuallyhappeninanemergency.Inmanyplacesthepurposeoftheplanistopreventinjuriesanddoesnotincludeanymentionoftheneedtopreventenvironmentaldamage.Whatadditionalmeasurescouldbeconsideredfortheshipboardemergencyplan?34.Wereanyadditionalmeasuresconsideredfortheradiationprotectionplan?35.Istherearequirementforfinancialassuranceforthisshipment?36.HasthisshipmentcompletedtheIAEAtestsincludingforwaterimmersion?Whatistheestimateddepthatwhichthesegeneratorscouldbeexpectedtocrushunderwaterpressure?

LetterofAugust19,2010Mr.MichaelBinder,PresidentandCEOCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission280SlaterStreet,P.OBox1046StationB,OttawaK1P5S9August19,2010DearMr.Binder:OnbehalfoftheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiative,Iwritetoexpressonourinterest and serious concern over the proposed shipment onthe Great Lakes and St. LawrenceSeawayofradioactivesteamgeneratorsfromBrucePowertoSweden.TheGreatLakesandSt.LawrenceCitiesInitiativeisanassociationofover70mayors,representingover13millionpeopleinCanadaandtheUnitedStates,dedicatedtotheprotectionandrestorationoftheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrence River.TheGreatLakesandSt.Lawrenceareavitalresourceandprovidedrinkingwaterforover40millionpeople.The Cities Initiative is concerned about the lack of public consultation, lack oftransparency and potential environmental and public health impacts of the proposed shipment.Based on the concerns heard around the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence basin, we support theCanadianNuclearSafetyCommission’sdecisiontoholdapublichearing.Atthistime,weareseekingadditionalinformationtohelpusunderstandtherisksoftheshipment on the Great Lakes and through the St. Lawrence. Specifically, we are concernedabout whether this shipment is necessary; whether all alternatives to this shipment, includingrecyclingonsiteoratacloserfacility,havebeenfullyexplored;iftheshipmentisapproved,themeasurestonotify localgovernmentsandotherpartiesalongthe shipmentroute;thetimingoftheshipmentgiventhepotentialforbadweatherinlatefall/earlywinter;methodstopreventanaccident with the shipment; methods to minimise security risks; measures to respond to anaccident; the potential environmental impact of an accident and the potential precedent settingnatureoftheshipment.AlsoofconcernarethelowwaterlevelsintheSt.Lawrence.Specificinformationabouttheageandconditionoftheshipthatwill beused,aswellasthesafetyandenvironmentalrecordoftheshipperarealsoimportant,andarerequested.