MPU, Alm.del - 2009-10 - Bilag 65: Baggrundsmateriale fra konferencen "GLOBE Copenhagen Legislators Forum" den 24. og 25. oktober 2009 på Christiansborg.

Miljø- og Planlægningsudvalget 2009-10
MPU Alm.del Bilag 65
Offentligt

Report of the GLOBE International Copenhagen Forum,24-25 October 2009Key Points:Danish PM,Lars Løkke Rasmussen,outlines aims for COP15; talks of a “politicalagreement with two purposes” and launches the “Copenhagen Commitment Circle”to engage leaders in the final 6 weeksDanish Climate and Energy Minister,Connie Hedegaard,delivers an upbeat addressIn a potential worrying signal of US ambition,House Speaker Nancy Pelosidescribes COP15 as “the beginning of a long process” towards agreementCongressman Ed Markeysays that a US Senate floor vote is unlikely until Spring2010Over 100 legislators adopt thereport of the Commission on Climate and EnergySecurity,authored byUS Congressman Ed Markeyin his capacity as Chair; reportincludes success criteria for COP15 and a set of ‘legislative principles’ to guidedomestic legislation. This is strongly supported by Chinese CongressmanWangGuangtaoLegislators also endorse the forestry-related findings of theCommission on LandUse Change and EcosystemsIn a special session,each delegation makes hard commitmentsto take forward theforum outcomes, particularly in the next 30 days ahead of COP15, committing toraise with heads of government, ministers and negotiators and to begin to advance thelegislative principles.National Assembly SpeakerMax Sisululeads very strong cross party South Africandelegation, including 5 Committee Chairs; pledges toexplore forming a climatechange committeein the National AssemblyChinese CongressmanWang Guangtaodelivers keynote address on the role ofparliamentarians and gives numerous media interviews on China’s position, includingtoBBC’s NewsnightVice President of the Brazilian Senate,Senadora Serys Slhessarenko,deliversmajor speech on 27 October promoting the outcomes; will meet with President Lulaon 11 November to discuss the report and the government’s responseAdmiral of the Danish Fleethosts legislators and journalists aboard a Navy ship todemonstrate new low emissions technology being fitted to the fleet; coverageincludes The Times of India and the Moscow TimesOver 30 journalists from developing countries cover the event through sponsorshipprogramme with the ComPlus Alliance.GLOBE’s Scientific Advisors launch coral reefs report, leading to headlines on thethreat to coral reefs around the worldGLOBE Lifetime Achievement Awards presented toYoshio Yatsufrom Japan andSvend Aukenfrom DenmarkGLOBE Award for International Leadership on the Environment announced forPresident Calderonof Mexico. President agrees to receive the award during theCOP.

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Summary

The GLOBE Copenhagen forum took place on 24th-25thOctober in the Danish parliament (theFolketing), Copenhagen. Over 100 legislators from the world’s major economies (Brazil,Canada, China, Denmark, EU, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Korea,Mexico, Russia, South Africa, UK and USA) participated over the two days. The event wasformally hosted by Steen Gade MP, Chair of the Environment and Planning Committee in theFolketing and President of GLOBE Europe. Keynote speakers included: the Danish PM, LarsLøkke Rasmussen; Danish Climate and Energy Minister and Chair of COP15, ConnieHedegaard; Speaker of the South African National Assembly, Max Sisulu; Speaker of the USHouse of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi (by video); Chairman of the Environment andResources Protection Committee in the National Peoples Congress, Congressman WangGuangtao, US Congressman Ed Markey, Vice President of the Brazilian Senate, SenadoraSerys Slhessarenko and Executive Secretary of the UNFCCC, Yvo de Boer (by video). For afull list of participants, see Annex C.The agenda covered the economic case for a post-2012 agreement, the national securityimplications of climate change, renewable energy, forestry and coral reefs. The final sessionsaw perspectives from Danish political parties from both the government and opposition,uniting around a common position in support of the Danish PM’s objectives at COP15. SeeAnnex D for the full forum agenda.The output of the event was consensus agreement on the Report of the Globe InternationalCommission on Climate and Energy Security that included a set of success criteria for COP15and a set of ‘legislative principles’ to guide national legislation on climate change (see AnnexB for details). All delegations made a commitment to push their governments to take moreambitious positions going into COP15, to promote the legislative principles through theirdomestic parliaments and to report back to the GLOBE secretariat within 30 days. A full listof the commitments by country is in section 3.Legislators from all countries, including Brazil, also endorsed the proposals on forestry putforward by the Commission on Land Use Change and Ecosystems (see Annex E).On the national security implications of climate change, the Rear Admiral of the Danish Fleet,Nils Wang, and the Indian Air Marshal, AK Singh, participated in a lively session thatfocused on the implications for the Arctic and South Asia. The Danish Admiral also hosted agroup of legislators and journalists, including from Brazil, Canada, China, India, Russia andSouth Africa on one of his DIANA-class vessels to demonstrate the new low-emissionstechnology that he was fitting to the entire fleet. An article in the Times of India can be seenhere.Media coverage was strong with Danish national TV (TV2 and DR), Reuters, AssociatedPress, BBC Newsnight, BBC World, Bloomberg, Moscow Times, Times of India, ChinaXinhua, Colombia National Radio, Washington Post, New York Times, FT, The Times,Observer and many more. BBC Newsnight interviewed the Danish PM, Lars LøkkeRasmussen, Climate and Energy Minister, Connie Hedegaard, Congressmen Wang Guangtaoand Ed Markey for a piece that was aired on Thursday evening (29 October).

Video of the keynote speeches, presentations and outcomes can all be found on theGLOBEInternational website.2.Keynote SpeechesThe Danish PM used the platform for a major speech. The full text is at Annex A. The PMcalled for a ‘political agreement’ in Copenhagen in December with the legal details to beworked out later and announced the formation of a “Copenhagen Commitment Circle” toengage leaders in the build up to COP15.The PM said the Copenhagen agreement “should be ambitious; it should be binding and itshould be concrete”. The Copenhagen agreement would serve two purposes: first, “to directnegotiations towards concluding outstanding details in a new legal climate regime”; andsecond “to capture and encourage political commitment in order to provide for immediateaction to combat global warming”.On the Copenhagen Commitment Circle, the PM said he sought engage a growing number ofleaders to help build momentum towards a “binding”, global agreement at COP15. In mediainterviews he subsequently said that this would begin next week with video-conferences withBan Ki Moon, Kevin Rudd and Felipe Calderon.In subsequent media interviews, the PM said he had 3 success criteria for COP15:A “politically binding” deal, including all elements of the Bali Action Plan, to beconcluded in Copenhagen in DecemberStrong direction for the remaining details to be finalised laterImplementation to begin immediately

The other keynote speeches, including by Steen Gade MP, formal host and Chair of theEnvironment and Planning Committee in the Danish Parliament, Max Sisulu, Speaker of theSouth African National Assembly, Congressman Wang Guangtao, Chair of the Environmentand Resources Protection Committee in the National Peoples Congress, Nancy Pelosi,Speaker of the US House of Representatives (by video), US Congressman Ed Markey, Chairof the Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming and co-author of theWaxman-Markey bill, Senadora Serys Slhessarenko, Vice President of the Brazilian Senate,and Lord Michael Jay, Vice President of GLOBE International can all be found on GLOBE’swebsite atwww.copenhagen.globeinternational.org.The most notable, and worrying, line was from Nancy Pelosi who described Copenhagen as“a starting point for discussion - part of the long process of reaching an agreement thatprotects our environment and upholds our responsibility to our planet.” It is unclear whetherthis was a deliberate attempt to downplay expectations on US commitments for COP15 orwhether the script was written without the advice of her climate advisers (it was apparentlyhastily put together on the Friday before the event). Connie Hedegaard picked up on SpeakerPelosi’s comments, making clear to everyone that all countries had agreed in Bali in 2007 thatCopenhagen would be the end of a 2-year negotiation process.3.Outcomes: the Commission report and the legislative principlesThe outcome of the forum was consensus agreement on the report of the GLOBEInternational Commission on Climate and Energy Security under the Chairmanship of USCongressman Ed Markey. The report included three key messages:

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There is cross-party support in the major economies for an ambitious, effectiveand equitable outcome from COP15 that provides a reasonable chance ofavoiding dangerous climate change. Legislators recognize that there is ascientific view that global average temperature rise ought not exceed 2 degreesCelsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit)An ambitious, effective and equitable post-2012 climate change framework thatmeets our success criteria will be a driver for sustainable economic development,job creation, greater energy and climate security, improved health and reducedpovertyLegislators can drive the transition to a low carbon economy now; theCommission has agreed a set of legislative principles that legislators arecommitted to taking forward in their domestic parliaments

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In a special session on the Sunday afternoon, all delegations were asked how they would takeforward the key messages in the report. The table below records their comments.Delegations were asked to respond to the GLOBE secretariat within 30 days on their actionsand their governments’ responses.

DelegationBrazil

CommitmentsWould discuss with President Lula at a seminar in the Senate on 11November; Senadora Serys would deliver a speech in the BrazilianSenate on 27 October about the outcomesBob Mills (Conservative Special Adviser to the Government ofCanada on Environment & Economy) to discuss with EnvironmentMinister Jim Prentice; Bryon Wilfert to feed outcomes into Liberalleadership and CommitteesCongressman Wang congratulated Ed Markey on the report andpledged to raise it personally with Minister Xie Zhenhua (leadclimate minister in the NDRC) and with his colleagues in the NPC.He also emphasized the role of legislators in holding governments toaccount. A formal report was also submitted by the Congressman tothe leadership of China and the NPC on Monday 26thOctober.Steen Gade’s Committee on Environment and Planning met with thePrime Minister this week to discuss the report, focusing in particularon the legal form; the Committee will also meet with Climate andEnergy Minister Connie Hedegaard and ask for an officialgovernment response; will also take into committee work looking atdomestic legislationSerge Poignant will inject the report into the deliberations of thefinance, sustainable development and environment committees andwill also feed it into the “Grenelle 2” process and to the President.Would be circulated to all relevant CDU parliamentarians(note:already done),including all new ministers after the recent election.

Canada

China

Denmark

France

Germany

India

ItalyJapanKorea

Mexico

Russia

South AfricaUK

The report has already been submitted to the Chancellor and theForeign minister. Invitation to GLOBE to visit Bundestag todiscuss with key Members.The Indian delegation pledged to raise the outcomes with theirPrime Minister, Environment Minister and to push the legislativeprinciples through the relevant committees in the context of theclimate change legislation currently being considered by the Indianparliament.Principles would be circulated to key domestic committees, ministerfor the environment and to the lead officials and negotiators.Japanese delegation to raise with leadership of both government andopposition parties and lead negotiators.Will be fed into the Special Committee on Climate Change. Willmeet with ministers and Prime Minister on return to Seoul and willfeed into officials working up Korea’s 2020 emissions reductiontarget.Principles would be raised directly with President Calderon and hewould be asked for a response at the COP15 side event withGLOBE (where he will be awarded the GLOBE International awardfor international leadership on the environment). They would alsobe raised in the key committees in the Senate and in the Chamber ofDeputies.The Russian delegation promised to raise the principles with the keyDuma committees and with lead officials. They also planned anevent with business and civil society to develop the principles in aRussian domestic context.The SA delegation will meet with Zuma and will investigate settingup a special committee on climate change in the National Assembly.Greg Barker and Graham Stuart to feed into Conservativeleadership; Lord Jay and Barry Gardiner to raise PQs and motions inparliament.Note: Graham Stuart MP requested at PMQs onWednesday 28 Oct that the PM meet with the UK delegation; PMagreed.Ed Markey to circulate to Senate Committees working on climatebill. Has been formally submitted to the White House and to ToddStern and CEQ. Also written to colleagues in Senate – Boxer,Kerry, Bingaman and Reid.(already done).

4.NegotiationsThe negotiations on the paper were conducted in good spirits and with a collective sense ofresponsibility. As usual with the GLOBE process, the main challenge was the Chineseposition. Most legislators were very comfortable being, indeed they actively sought to be,ahead of their governments. With the Chinese the opposite was true – they simply could notgo beyond their government’s position. That is why the language on 2 degrees C, previouslyagreed at the Major Economies Forum, was used in this document.In background discussions with the Chinese negotiator (a MFA official from the officialChinese negotiating team), he opened up about the 2 degrees C issue. Although many

commentators believed that China had signed up to the 2 Degs C goal at the MEF, this wasnot the case. They simply recognized that there was a scientific view. This was verydifferent. Setting a mitigation goal without agreeing on how the world would get there wasfolly. This was not a serious position. China could sign up to 2 degs C as a long-term goalonly if similar long-term goals on adaptation, finance and technology were also agreed. Theonly fair way to do this was to look at historical emissions – maybe not from the 1800s buteven from 1990 this showed that developed countries must effectively reduce by well over100 per cent. This meant a reduction of 80-95 per cent at least by 2050 combined withfinance and technology to make up the difference by paying for further reductions indeveloping countries. He offered to send me some analysis to back up this position.The other major sticking point was on “legal form”. Both the Chinese and Indian delegationswere absolutely against a “new treaty” even if it was based on the principles of the UNFCCCand Kyoto. The worry here was clearly that a new treaty would open up elements of theUNFCCC and Kyoto that were sacrosanct. The language finally agreed upon cited thepossible options and the desired effect in terms of the outcome but did not stipulate the form.On MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification), China was insistent that there should onlybe international monitoring in developing countries of those actions supported by developedcountry finance. They were very happy to improve transparency of national actions andimprove the frequency and quality of national communications but international monitoringof unsupported national actions was unacceptable (just as it would be in the US or anydeveloped country, they insisted).Brazil insisted on a mention of biofuels, hence the addition of a reference to “sustainablebiofuels” in the technology paragraph.Canada had some reservations on the figures quoted for finance – they called it “premature”to discuss figures and were generally nervous about the text. However, they were persuadedthat, as a legislators’ document, they would not be binding the Canadian government.France pushed for the inclusion of “and low carbon energy” after the mentions of“renewables” to allow for the recognition of nuclear as an energy source that should bepromoted.Other delegations, including Denmark, Japan Mexico, South Africa and the UK providedhelpful input to strengthen the text.5.MediaMedia coverage of the event was very strong. Danish TV (TV2 and DR) covered the openinghigh-level session with the PM and Connie and BBC Newsnight flew in on the Saturday tointerview the PM, Connie, Congressman Wang and Congressman Markey. A piece wasplayed on Newsnight on Thursday evening (29thOct) and repeated on BBC World thefollowing weekend. BBC World and BBC online also covered the event and, throughGLOBE’s partnership with the ComPlus Alliance, 30 journalists from developing countrieswere sponsored to attend and cover the event. This resulted in print articles in newspapersfrom Mexico, Brazil, Colombia, India (including the India Times), China Xinhua and theMoscow Times. China National Radio recorded several interviews and Bloomberg wrote apiece on the legislative principles.

6.Awards for lifetime achievementAs is traditional at GLOBE forums, awards were made to two members in recognition ofoutstanding contributions to the environment. The two recipients were Yoshio Yatsu of Japan(who stepped down at the recent election) and Svend Auken (former Danish Energy andEnvironment Minister and architect of the Danish wind energy leadership). UnfortunatelySvend died just a few weeks before the forum so the award was presented to his widow and inthe presence of his niece, Ida Auken (a Member of Parliament for the Social Democrats).7.Danish political parties uniteIn the final session, representatives of both the government parties (Peter Juel Jensen ofVenstre) and the opposition (Mette Gjerskov of the Social Democrats) gave colourfulperspectives from the Danish political scene and united around a common position in supportof the Danish PM’s objectives for COP15.

Annex C: List of participantsLast NameA. PereiraCasagrandeLucenaSlhessarenkoPizzattoWilfertMillsWarawaFirst NameSolangeJosé RenatoCiceroSerysLucianoBryonBobMarkSenatorSenatorSenatorMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentParliamentary Secretary tothe Minister of theEnvironmentSpecial Assistant to theParliamentary Affairs-Parliamentary SecretaryOfficePresident of LandCommissionVICEPRESIDENT/CommissionLandParliamentaryTitleParliamentary Title OtherCountryBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilBrazilCanadaCanadaCanada

RiceXUSIZHAOZHAI

DougJIANMINYUANQINGGUOYONG

CongressmanCongressmanChairman of theEnvironment andResources ProtectionCommittee in the NPC

CanadaChinaChinaChinaChina

WANGWANGFULIUMAJIANG

GUANGTAOAIHUASHAYINGQIANLIJICHU

Congressman

CongressmanHost and Chair of theEnvironment and PlanningCommittee, Folketing andPresident of GLOBEEurope

ChinaChinaChinaChinaChinaChina

GadeHolmsgaardAukenJuel JensenGjerskovHansen

SteenAnne GreteIdaPeterMetteTorben

Member ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliementMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember of

DenmarkDenmarkDenmarkDenmarkDenmarkDenmark

PietikäinenHassuPoignantPLISSONKauchSchwabeJungParmarNirupamRajgopalKalitaDikshitJavadekarPasaribuCalabròTogniFormisanoHongoKatoMaedaUeda

SirpaSatuSergePhilippeMichaelFrankAndreasRajubhaiSanjayL.BhubaneswarSandeepPrakashBomerMaria TeresaRenatoWalterAnna TeresaTakashiShuichiTakeshiJinichi

ParliamentMember ofEuropeanParliamentMember ofEuropeanParliamentDeputyDeputyMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliament

EuropeanParliamentActing President ofGLOBE EUVice President of GLOBEEuropeEuropeanParliamentFranceFranceGermanyGermanyPresidentGermanyIndiaIndiaIndiaIndiaIndiaIndiaIndonesiaItalyItalyJBICMember of House ofCouncilorMember of House ofCouncilorFormer Member ofRepresentatives in Japan,Former President ofGLOBE JapanItalyJapanJapanJapanJapan

YatsuMenchacaEspinosaSisuluMorganIsaacsNgcobo

YoshioLudovinaJose LuisMaxGarethRichardShanaazEugeneNhlanhla

SenatorFormerDeputySpeakerMember ofParliamentSpeaker of the NationalAssemblyShadow Minister of Waterand Environmental AffairsCommittee Secretary:Science and TechnologyChairperson

JapanMexicoMexicoSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth Africa

Member ofParliament

NqabaStaff: Content Advisor:Portfolio Committee onWater and EnvironmentalAffairsChairpeson: PC on Waterand Environmental AffairsChairperson PC onAgriculture Forestry andFisheriesWhip: Portfolio Committeeon Water andEnvironmental Affairs

DawoodSotyuMlungisiKalyanMathebeLuyengeNdudeNgcengwaneTwalaBosmanMadubela-MamaboloMgxasheWatts

ShereenBanuMakhotsoMagdelineJohnsonSandyPietZukileHilda-GradeNikiweDorisMargaretLourensTyhilekaPreciousNokuzolaScotney

South AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth Africa

Member ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliament

YooChungLeeLeeOohLeeOxburghHuntStuartBruceBarker

Beom SikDoounByounggielInkiChe ChangSang HoonRonJulianGrahamMalcolmGregMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofParliament

Parliamentary OfficialPARLIAMENTARYRESEARCHERPortfolio CommitteeResearcherDirector, Task Force onInternational CooperationCommittee on GreenGrowthChief of staff for Specialcommittee on climatechange

South AfricaSouth AfricaSouth Africa

South KoreaSouth KoreaSouth KoreaSouth Korea

Assistant SecretaryLordLordMember ofParliamentMember ofParliamentMember ofHunt of chesterton

Shadow Minister for

South KoreaSouth KoreaUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdomUnited

ParliamentGardinerJayJohnsonBarryMichaelIanMember ofParliamentLord

Climate and Energy(Conservative)

KingdomUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdomUnitedKingdom

MarkeySarkerBlackhurstLambPughWheelerBankobezaLunaSanchezNiamir-FullerSweeneyClarkGroverKopperudJohnsonRobertshawHardingByersLeightonGardiner-SmithGauriHerriottMatthewsTownshendStephens

EdwardPallabRobRobertKenGraeme PaulSylviaDavidMaryamGraemeElizabethAnishaJakobTodd MiloAllisonSimonStephenThomasBethKiikAdamAdamTerryChris

Congressman

Chair of the SelectCommittee on EnergyIndependence and GlobalWarming and Chair of theGLOBE InternationalCommission on Climateand Energy SecurityMr

Director, TVProducer, TVLegal Officer - UNEPCongressman

USASaffronChaseSaffronChaseOne PlanetPicturesOne PlanetPicturesThe WorldBankUNEPColombiaUNEPShellZSLZSLThe WorldBankThe WorldBankZennstromPhilanthropiesZSLGLOBEInternationaGLOBEInternationaGLOBEInternationaGLOBEInternationaGLOBEInternationaGLOBEInternationaGLOBEInternationalGLOBEInternationa

n/a

Member ofParliament

Policy Director

CropperChambersDesChampsBissetFankhauserMehrotra

AngelaHarryFloydRobertSamShruti

UNEPNutmegProductionsGLOBEInternationaThe WorldBankGLOBEInternationaWorldEconomicForum

Annex D: Forum AgendaFriday 23rd October 20091900Welcome Drinks Reception at Kong Arthur Hotel

Saturday 24th October 20090900-1100Opening High-level SessionWelcome to CopenhagenSteen Gade MPPresident of GLOBE Europe & Chairman of the Environment and RegionalPlanning Committee, Danish ParliamentOpening Keynote Address & Dialogue with Legislators:What will political success look like at Copenhagen & the role parliaments canplay in advancing legislationLord Michael JayVice President, The Global Legislators Organisation (GLOBE)Lars Løkke Rasmussen MPPrime Minister of DenmarkSpeaker Nancy Pelosi(by video address)Speaker of the US House of RepresentativesTo be introduced byUS Congressman Ed MarkeyChairman of the Select Committee on Energy Independence & GlobalWarming & Co-Sponsor of the Waxman-Markey BillSpeaker Max SisuluSpeaker of the South African National AssemblyChairman Wang GuangtaoChairman Standing Committee on Environment & Resources ProtectionNational People's Congress of China13

Minister Connie HedegaardMinster for Climate and Energy, DenmarkChair of the UNFCCC COP15Keynote speeches to be followed by facilitated dialogue with legislators1100-1115Coffee

1115-1315High Level Session Continued – Dialogue withlegislators on the Role of Parliaments in advancing climate legislationWhat principals should underpin a common legislative platform on climatelegislation?Congressman Wang GuangtaoChairman,National People’s CongressStanding Committee on Environment & Resources ProtectionCongressmanCongressman Ed MarkeyChairmanof the Select Committee on EnergyIndependence & Global Warming & Co-Sponsor of the Waxman-Markey Bill1315-14151415-1615LunchSession 1:

From Pittsburgh to Copenhagen: Can a Copenhagen Agreement ReinforceEconomic Recovery?Analysisof recovery packages: what’s worked, whathasn’t, how to embed green recovery?Dr Sam FankhauserChiefEconomist, GLOBE International, PrincipalResearch Fellow at the Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change andthe Environment, LSEMr Graeme WheelerManagingDirector of the World Bank1615-1630Coffee

1630-1830

Session 2: Recommendations on ForestryReport of the International Commission on Land UseChange & Ecosystems on Forestry & Coral ReefsSession ChairsHonBarry Gardiner MPParliamentaryPrivate Secretary to the Cabinet Minister for Trade &IndustryCo-chair, International Commission on Land UseChange and EcosystemsSenator Renato CasagrandeLeaderof PresidentLula's Party in the Brazilian SenateCo-chair,International Commission on Land Use Change andEcosystemsPresentation of the International Commission's PolicyProposals on ForestryMr. Ian JohnsonCo-chair,International Commission onLand Use Change and EcosystemsResponse to the Commission's Policy Proposals &discussion

18151930

Forum ClosesReception and Formal Dinner

Hosted by the Danish FolketingSunday 25th October 20090900-1100Second High Level Session(Speakers will each deliver a 15 minute address – thereafter a facilitateddialoguewithlegislators will be taken)15

The Security Implications of Climate Change: What Action Do ParliamentsNeed to Take?Session Chair: Rt Hon Malcolm Bruce MPRear Admiral Nils WangRear Admiral of the Danish FleetAir Marshal AK SinghIndian Air force & Chairman of the Military Council on Climate Change

1130-11451145-1315

CoffeeSession 3: Impact of Climate Change on Coral Reefs

Report of GLOBE’s International Commission on Land Use Change &EcosystemsThis session will comprise the latest scientific update from the world’s leadingmarine scientists and advisors to the Commission on the impact of climatechange on the world's coral reefs.

1315-14151400-1500

LunchSession 4: Perspective From the Danish Parliament

Is there a common platform amongst Danish parties ahead of the UNFCCCCOP?Perspectives from the government and opposition parties.

1500-1600

Session 5: Renewable Energy

What regulatory instruments are needed to spur the growth of renewableenergy?Chaired by Anne Grete Holmsgaard MP1600-1700Session 6:

A Case Study of Mexico’s Low Carbon Pathway:This session will examine the role of National Carbon reduction strategieswhich are being considered as part of a future framework. A case study will bepresented based on the latest analysis of Mexico undertaken by the WorldBank and the government of Mexico.Mr Todd JohnsonLead Energy SpecialistLatin America and the Caribbean Region World Bank1700-1830Session 7:Closing Session:

Commission Report on Climate and Energy Security and PoliticalStatement to COP15Presentation of Commission Report and High Level Statement to COP15 &Discussion about follow up: actions for legislators between now and COP15and beyondCongressman Ed MarkeyChairman GLOBE International Commission on Climate & Energy Security &Chairman of the US House of Representatives' Select Committee on EnergyIndependence and Global Warming and Co-sponsor of the Waxman-MarkeyBill18301930Forum ClosesGLOBE International 20th Anniversary Dinner

Annex E: International Commission on Land Use Change and Ecosystems:Policy Proposals on Forestry, October 2009Tropical forests continue to be lost and degraded at a rapid pace, accounting for 18 to25% of annual global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Reducing deforestation is aprerequisite for preventing dangerous levels of climate change and offers a price-efficient option with co-benefits outside of climate change, including biodiversityconservation and livelihood protection. The forestry and land use sector offers eightgigatonnes (Gt) of abatement potential by 2020, almost half of the global effort that isrequired to reach a 450 parts per million (ppm) carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e)trajectory. Therefore, the mitigation of terrestrial carbon emissions must be a centraland immediate component of the global GHG abatement strategy and be coordinatedwith significant industrial emission reductions.However, efforts to reduce deforestation will be undermined if new climate changepolicy is not accompanied by global action to tackle illegal logging and to address thedemand side drivers of deforestation. Therefore, a broad policy package must beadopted that reforms the forestry sector and establishes a solid foundation for theintroduction of forests to the future climate change agreement.New climate change policy offers an opportunity to restructure the underlyingeconomics of forestry by valuing the carbon sequestration services of forests. Immediateaction is necessary and finance must be made available for the necessary capacitybuilding and to commence performance-based reward schemes where appropriate. Aforest carbon funding mechanism must then be included in a post-2012 agreement thatrewards forested developing countries for reducing their deforestation rates against areference level and promotes the enhancement of forest stock. This mechanism shouldtransition towards a system that provides long-term incentives to forest nations toreach net zero deforestation rates. Each of these phases must be accompanied bystringent environmental and social safeguards.This paper seeks to identify the measures required for national governments, throughregulation and legislation (part A), and at the international policy level (part B) thatmust be adopted to successfully reduce deforestation, a critical component ofpreventing dangerous levels of climate change:A.Address Illegal Logging and Demand-Side Drivers:Voluntary bilateral timberlicensing regimes and legislation in consumer countries, such as the UnitedStates’ Amendment to the Lacey Act, have been welcome interventions thatcould be replicated across the major economies. Equally, the demand sidedrivers of deforestation need to be addressed by promoting sustainableagriculture, improving its productivity and providing support to supplier nationsto reform governance, where necessary.B.Include Forests and Terrestrial Carbon in Climate Change Policy:Provide Finance for Immediate Action:Establishing a forest carbonmechanism within the UNFCCC or emissions trading schemes will take a numberof years. Interim finance of the order €15-25 billion should be made availableover the 2010-15 period for results based incentives and capability building.Efforts on this scale could result in a 25% reduction in annual globaldeforestation rates by 2015. This finance must also reward conservation

activities in high forest cover, low deforestation nations to prevent internationalleakage.Include Terrestrial Carbon in Post-2012 Climate Change Policy:Early anddramatic reductions in deforestation rates must be incentivised by integrating aperformance-based mechanism for forest and terrestrial carbon in existing andemerging emissions trading schemes. This mechanism must be accompanied bystringent environmental and social safeguards, incentivise private sectorparticipation and target national level reference levels in a phased and flexiblemanner.Commit to a Payment for Ecosystem Services Approach:In order to achievenet zero deforestation levels, a funding mechanism must be established thatprovides forested developing countries with long term certainty of the benefitsof avoided deforestation. This “Stabilization Fund” must persuade countries thatthere are better financial rewards to be gained from ongoing payments for forestecosystem services (starting with carbon sequestration but expanding to includeothers) and create long-term financial incentives that encourage all forestnations to reach a stable or increasing level of forest.

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Measures to Address Illegal Logging and Demand-side Drivers ofDeforestation:1. Introduction of a Common System for Recognising Source CountriesLicensing Schemes:G8 countries should take the lead in establishing thelegality of their own timber imports by introducing a common system forrecognising source countries licensing schemes for legal timber, encompassingall major timber source and consumer countries. To achieve this, the followingsteps should be taken:Develop a system that recognises and respects the laws of each producercountry.Clearly define the scope of rights and obligations such as ownership,customary usage, authorised forest management, permitted species, exportand customs regulations and taxation in each source country.Establish a system of verification that ensures compliance with the laws ofthe relevant source country.

2. Domestic Legislation within G8 countries:Consumer countries should reinforcethe legislation passed by producer countries by excluding illegal timber productsfrom consumer markets. To achieve this, G8 countries should examine theintroduction of simple and specific domestic legislation making the import of timberproduced illegally, according to the laws of foreign source countries, an offence inthe consumer country.3.Marketsfor Legal and Sustainable Timber:Building protected markets for legaland sustainable timber products is essential to raise the market price. The followingmarket-orientated steps should be taken:Make mandatory requirements within their public procurement policies torequire legal and sustainable timber for all government contracts, and

immediately move to harmonisation of technical specifications and theirimplementation and enforcement.Use government building standards to promote the use of legal andsustainable building materials incorporating clear requirements for legal andsustainable timber.Develop common standards of legality verification.Have primary responsibility to assess which existing certification and legalityverification systems satisfy their government’s criteria for legality andsustainability.

4. Governance – Forest Sector Transparency:The G8 should support theintroduction of a global Forest Transparency Initiative (FTI). This should bedeveloped with International Finance Institutions and pilot tested at a country level.It should be designed to establish parliamentary oversight in producer and consumercountries to improve accountability and governance of national forest resources.5. Finance for Sustainable Forest Management:Long-term investment in thetropical forestry sector needs to be stimulated in order to incentivise thetransition of progressive timber companies to forest management companies.The G8 should direct official development assistance to producer countries tosupport:Capacity building that allows forest management enterprises to implementcredible, certified sustainable forest management activities and transitionexisting sustainable forest management operations from namely timberproducers to multiple-revenue (goods- and services-based) forestmanagement operations.The development of sustainable ‘value-adding’ timber processing capacitywithin the producer country rather than simply exporting raw timber.

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6. Sustainable Agricultural Commodities:Governments should investigate thelinks between the demand for agricultural commodities and deforestation andtake action where appropriate, including:Introduce sustainability criteria for agricultural commodities, includingbiofuels, and encourage private sector entities from across the supplychain to demonstrate that their actions are environmentally and sociallyresponsible, and to calculate the ecological footprint of commodities.Provide support to supplier nations to reform governance by supplyingfunding and capacity building assistance that focus on the reform of landtenure and implementation of land use regulations.Increase funding for research and action to improve agriculturalsustainability and productivity for, amongst others, smallholder farmers.

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B. Measures to Include Forest and Terrestrial Carbon in a Post-2012Climate Change Agreement:1.Scope:The terrestrial ecosystems to be covered by post-2012 climate changeagreement should be phased, with the initial focus being on what is achievablein the short term. A comprehensive terrestrial carbon accounting systemshould be a central part of each forest nation’s low carbon developmentstrategy:Immediate:The immediate scope of a forest carbon mechanism shouldinclude reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation,conservation, sustainable forest management and the enhancement offorest stocks through afforestation and reforestation, i.e. REDD+.Long-term:Parallel efforts should be made to follow a detailed programof work to fill the scientific, methodological, technical, and capacity gapsto bring in agriculture and other land use before 2020, with a focus onthe most threatened, high-carbon ecosystems, e.g. peatlands, wetlands.2.Financing:The forest carbon finance mechanism must involve a combinedmarket and fund approach to deal with the varying circumstances in foresteddeveloping countries and to mobilize public and private finance. This parallelapproach must incentivise and reward immediate mitigation action andguarantee long-term financial rewards for reaching and maintaining zero netdeforestation levels. This can be achieved by:Immediate Public Finance:The Informal Working Group on InterimFinance for REDD (IWG IFR) suggest that if financing of €15-25 billionwere made available for the 2010-15 period for results based incentivesand capability building, complementing other REDD+ efforts, a 25 percent reduction in annual global deforestation rates may be achievable by2015. Within this, funding should be provided for conservation activitiesin high forest, low deforestation nations to prevent international leakage.Market Mechanism:Early and dramatic reductions in deforestationrates must be incentivised by integrating a performance-basedmechanism for forest carbon in existing and emerging emissions tradingschemes, with fungibility of forest carbon credits only being allowedwhen projects/national schemes meet strong environmental and socialcriteria (see 3). Demand for forest carbon credits must be created bysetting reasonable import caps in developed countries that complementdomestic commitments to reach a 450 ppm trajectory. Private sectorparticipation should be incentivised by developing innovative riskmitigation strategies that use public finance to underwrite key risks (e.g.permanence) and ensure credible monitoring systems. Project-levelreference levels should be allowed for an interim period in lessdeveloped countries, but all participating nations must target a nationallevel referencing system.Stabilisation Fund:As forest nations reduce their deforestation rates,long-term financial incentives must be created by paying for the ongoing

ecosystem services provided by forests, to encourage these nations toreach, at a minimum, a stable level of forest cover.3.Integrity:Each of the financing stages outlined above must include qualityassurance systems that maintains a high level of environmental and socialintegrity in a transparent manner:MRV:An independent and international monitoring, reporting andverification (MRV) authority should be established to coordinate thecrediting of forest carbon mechanism, oversee the collection and sharingof data and authorise third-party verifiers to carry out on-the-groundaudits. The development of this institution should involve both publicand private sectors, along with civil society.Environmental:Participating countries and projects must meet a set ofinternationally accepted environmental criteria, as defined by anindependent and legitimate institution, that ensure emission reductionsare permanent, additional and that there is no leakage. In addition, thesecriteria should ensure the minimal loss of biodiversity and other non-carbon ecosystem services.Social:Safeguards must be established that guarantee localcommunities are involved in decision making processes, from design toimplementation, and are fairly rewarded for their actions. Rent accruedfrom credit sales should be fairly distributed with a focus on low-carbondevelopment strategies that benefit local communities.