MPU, Alm.del - 2009-10 - Bilag 303: Invitation til 1-dags workshoppen "Marine Ecosystems Recovery Plan", d. 3/3-10, fra GLOBE

First Meeting of the Marine Technical Advisory Group, London, October 2009Summary of RecommendationsCross-cutting measures:Redirect inappropriate subsidieswhich artificially increase the profitability of fishing, leading toovercapacity and overfishing. Unsustainable fishing will continue to be perpetuated by the use of harmfulsubsidies unless they are removed.Ensure all relevant countries ratify existing UN oceans and fishery agreements,such as the UNConvention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the UN Fish Stocks Agreement (UNFSA) and the PortState Agreement on Illegal, Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) fishing, and adopt robust implementinglegislation.Ensure that fisheries are subject to environmental legislationby creating integrated oceans policythat strongly links fisheries and other commercial marine activities with the environment.Reduce unregulated activities by promoting governance systems for all oceans and fisheriesbyiexpanding the coverage and number of Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs ).Significantly reduce unreported fishing activitiesby encouraging the reporting of all fishing activities,including subsistence, artisanal, bycatch and discards, in all fishing countries.Promote governance reformto improve accountability, transparency and inclusiveness of decision-making at global, regional and national levels in accordance with the requirements of UNCLOS and theUNFSA.Regional Fisheries Management Organization (RFMO) Reform:Mandate the United Nations to review and monitor RFMO performanceby providing comprehensiveglobal oversight and ensuring effective science-based decision-making, referring to existing benchmarkstandards for RFMOs in the UNFSA .Hold states accountableby using the International Tribunal on the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) to betterenforce the international legal responsibilities of states, specifically compliance and performance, whenoperating in the high seas.Revise RFMO mandates to specifically include a precautionary, ecosystem-based approachtomanagement, protection of biodiversity in the marine environment and long term-sustainability of fishstocks (as already required by the UNFSA).Apply environmental, economic and social assessments to all fisheriesto determine the optimalway to operate the fishery and achieve maximum economic value or specific social goals, within theframework of sustainable ecosystem-based fisheries and environmental management.Investigate a “Cap and Restore” approach for severely depleted fisheriesthat would impose atemporary moratorium or drastic reduction in catches and effort to allow fish stocks to recover. Duringthe stock recovery period fishers will either be paid compensation to leave the industry or be employedfor scientific assessments or enforcement activities. Once re-opened, the fishery will be operated withstronger links to the market, greater economic efficiency, and compulsory environmental and economicimpact assessments to set precautionary catch levels.Tackling Illegal Unregulated and Unreported (IUU) Fishing and Traceability:Work with every link in the fishery supply chain,by implementing measures for RFMOs, flag states,coastal states, ports and market states, to strengthen action against IUU practices.Encourage comprehensive membership of RFMOs for all the states involved in the fishery,byinvestigating the nature of existing barriers to participation.Restrict market access for non-compliant flag statesand provide economic incentives for states tojoin RFMOs and enforce regulations.

Improve monitoring, control and surveillance (MCS) at the regional levelthrough capacity buildingthat increases and harmonizes the level and effectiveness of the MCS system. In addition, flag, coastaland port states should increase and harmonise sanctions against IUU perpetrators.Support and expand the capacity of the International MCS Networkto coordinate professionalenforcement efforts to fight IUU fishing. RFMOs or other regional bodies should be used as a hub toprovide funding and training to developing countries.Share technical and logistical resources with other marine agenciesto effectively manage fisheriesalongside other issues including immigration, smuggling, drug and human trafficking at a regional level.Create a global record of fishing vesselslinked to authorised vessel lists which include safetycertificate information plus blacklists for vessels, fisheries, management organisations or states that areinvolved in or allow IUU fishing.Marine Protected Areas (MPAs):Promote fully protected marine reservesthat build resilience in marine ecosystems, protectbiodiversity and provide reference points for research studies. When combined with complementarymeasures (specifically effort reduction), MPAs can help to successfully deliver sustainability targets,enhance food security in the future and help adapt to climate change.Adopt modern MPA network targetsto propel the creation of marine reserves and MPA networksbeyond 2012. This should be based on the latest scientific advice and the 2003 World Parks Congresstarget of 20-30% of each marine habitat to be protected, noting that in some cases the percentagerequired for protection may be higher.Ensure that MPAs are enforced and effectively managed following their designationby creating awell coordinated MCS network at all levels of governance from local communities to national and globallegislation. Penalties for breaking MPA regulations need to be severe enough to deter future violationand be fully enforced by all legal systems.Protect ecologically or biologically significant marine areas beyond national jurisdictionthroughthe use of MPAs and other measures, by ensuring that states cooperate using the relevant global andregional organizations and the 2008 CBD scientific criteria for protection.Investigate the establishment of a new Global Framework Treaty for Marine Spatial Planning inareas beyond national jurisdictionthat would provide a framework for MPA network designation,management and enforcement, and mandate the integration of marine conservation into sectoral andregional management.Increase requirements for Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and ensure their effectiveimplementation and scrutinyat both the national level and for all marine activities with a potentialimpact in areas beyond national jurisdiction. Governments can endorse efforts within the CBD to developguidance for such EIAs and promote a mechanism for global consultation.GlossaryCBDEIAFAOITLOSIUUMCSMPARFMOUNCLOSUNFSAUNGAi