EUU, Alm.del - 2009-10 - Bilag 464: Handlingsplan: Et mere åbent og sikkert indre marked

1. introduction 2. fewer trade barriers in the internal market2.1 fewer and more uniform nationalrules on goods and services2.2 further opening ofthe services market2.3 eu regulation to drive innovation 2.4 continued effective implementationof eu legislation3. information about internal market rules3.1 the internal market centreof the danish state3.2 better application of the ce marking3.3 improved national knowledgeand application of internalmarket rules3.4 further development of aninternal market for consumers4. safer products and services in the internal market4.1 improved surveillance ofthe market for goods– set-up of a marketsurveillance committee4.2 planning and prioritisation4.3 coordination and cooperationbetween market surveillance authorities4.4 international cooperation onmarket surveillance4.5 improved enforcement in the services field5. notes

2. færre handelshindringer i det indre marked2.1 færre og mere ensartede nationaleregler for varer og services2.2 Yderligere markedsåbningpå serviceområdet2.3 innovationsdrivende regulering i eu2.4 fortsat effektiv implementeringaf eu-lovgivning3. 3.13.23.3information om regler i det indre markedstatens indre markeds centerbedre anvendelse af ce-mærketbedre nationalt kendskab til oganvendelse af regler for det indremarked3.4 videreudvikling af et indremarked for forbrugerne4. mere sikre varer og services i det indre marked4.1 bedre markedsovervågning påvareområdet – oprettelse afmarkedsovervågningsudvalg4.2 planlægning og prioritering4.3 koordination og samarbejde mellemmarkedsovervågningsmYndighederne4.4 internationalt samarbejde ommarkedsovervågning4.5 bedre håndhævelse på serviceområdet5. noter

Verden har befundet sig i en af de alvorligste økonomiske kriseri mange år med stigende arbejdsløshed og et drastisk fald i denøkonomiske vækst til følge. Vi er ikke igennem krisen endnu,men den økonomiske aktivitet er atter begyndt at øges verdenover. I krisetider har mange regeringers automatreaktion væretat beskytte egne virksomheder og arbejdspladser. I det langeperspektiv er protektionistiske tiltag som statsstøtte, tekniskehandelshindringer og antidumpingtold imidlertid uholdbare.De er med til at holde liv i virksomheder, der ikke er konkurren-cedygtige på længere sigt, og de fører således til en negativ spiralaf faldende international handel, vækst og beskæftigelse.Ikke kun i modgangstider, men også i tider som nu, hvor beho-vet for at få økonomien tilbage på det rette spor igen er frem-herskende, er der brug for at fastholde centrale principper omåbenhed, konkurrence og frihandel både internt i EU og i forholdtil resten af verden. Frihandel og konkurrence medvirker til ateffektivisere og strømline europæisk økonomi. Dette er nød-vendigt for at sikre stabil økonomisk vækst på den lange bane.Et stadigt mere udbygget og velfungerende indre marked i EUer i den forbindelse en hjørnesten i bestræbelserne på at få deneuropæiske økonomi tilbage på sporet igen.Det indre marked har været en central vækstmotor i den euro-pæiske økonomi gennem de seneste årtier - udbygningen af detindre marked siden 1992 har medført en stigning i EU’s BNP på2,15 % og skabt 2,75 mio. ekstra jobs i EU.1Fjernelsen af handels-barrierer har styrket konkurrencen på de nationale markeder tilgavn for virksomheder, forbrugere og samfundet generelt. Ana-lyser viser imidlertid, at der fortsat er et stort uudnyttet poten-tiale i det indre marked.2Skal dette udnyttes, så kræver det, atde resterende handelsbarrierer i EU fjernes, og at virksomhederog forbrugere har kendskab til og anvender deres rettigheder idet indre marked. I tider som nu har vi ikke råd til at lade dettepotentiale forblive uudnyttet.En vigtig forudsætning for at drive det indre marked videre er, atder skabes sikre og trygge rammer for handel på tværs af græn-serne. Tillid til, at varer og services opfylder krav til sikkerhed,sundhed og miljø, er et grundvilkår for, at forbrugerne i sidsteende vil udnytte mulighederne i det indre marked. Forbrugerneskal kunne stole på, at varer og services, som er handlet i et an-det EU-land, overholder EU-lovgivningen. Virksomhederne skalderudover sikres lige konkurrencevilkår via effektive indgreboverfor de konkurrenter, der overtræder reglerne.

We have experienced the worst global depression in manyyears, resulting in rising unemployment rates and a steepdrop in economic growth. The crisis is not over yet, but we areseeing increasing economic activity all over the world onceagain. In times of crisis, many governments have reacted byautomatically protecting national businesses and jobs. However,protectionist initiatives such as state aid, technical trade barriersand anti-dumping duty are unsound in the long perspective.Such measures help businesses survive that are not competitivein the long run and will thus lead to a negative downward spiralof falling international trade, growth and employment rates.Not only in hard times, but also in times like these whenthere is a predominant need once again to bring the economyback on the right track, we need to maintain key principles ofopenness, competition and free trade within the EuropeanUnion and in relation to the rest of the world. Free trade andcompetition contribute to the optimisation and streamliningof the European economy. This is important to safeguard long-term, stable economic growth. In that connection, a growingand increasingly well-functioning European Internal Market isa corner stone of the efforts to restore the European economy tohealth.The Internal Market has been a key source of growth for theEuropean economy over the last decades. The expansion of theInternal Market since 1992 has implied an increase in EuropeanGDP of 2.15 per cent and the creation of 2.75 million new jobs inthe European Union.1The removal of trade barriers has boostedcompetition in the national markets for the benefit of businesses,consumers and society in general. However, analyses show thatthe Internal Market2still has massive unexploited potential. Toexploit this potential, the remaining trade barriers that existin the European Union must be removed and businesses andconsumers must know and exercise their rights in the InternalMarket. In times like these we cannot afford to leave thispotential unexploited.The creation of a secure and safe framework for cross-border trade is an important precondition for continuing thedevelopment of the Internal Market. In the end, confidencethat goods and services meet safety, health and environmentalstandards is a basic condition for consumers to make use of theopportunities offered by the Internal Market. Consumers mustbe able to trust that goods and services purchased in anotherMember State comply with EU legislation. In addition, we mustmake sure that businesses have equal competitive conditions by

Et velfungerende indre marked med effektiv forbruger- ogmiljøbeskyttelse kan også bidrage effektivt til at fremme øgetinnovation blandt virksomhederne. Det kan bl.a. ske gen-nem regulering, der belønner anvendelsen af bæredygtigeenergikilder eller andre grønne løsninger, som på sigt kangive europæiske virksomheder en konkurrencefordel på deinternationale markeder. Særligt på miljøområdet har EU for-mået at være international trendsætter for de krav, der stillestil forskellige produkter. Det bevirker, at flere lande, særligt iSydøstasien, vælger at kopiere reglerne i EU for på den mådeat sikre, at deres virksomheders produkter lever op til kravenepå det købestærke og attraktive europæiske marked. Nårandre lande således tager de europæiske regler til sig, vil deeuropæiske virksomheder typisk opnå en first-mover fordelved allerede at have opnået en vis ekspertise inden for ram-merne af de europæiske regler.Endelig er der grund til at understrege, at en stadig bedrebeskyttelse af forbrugernes sikkerhed og sundhed, arbejds-tagere og miljø mest effektivt kan opnås ved, at myndighe-derne i alle EU-lande samarbejder og deler viden om, hvordanforbruger-, arbejdstager- og miljøbeskyttelsen tilrettelæggesbedst muligt.Regeringen lancerer derfor en handlingsplan, der skal bi-drage til udvikling af et mere åbent og sikkert indre marked.Strategien baserer sig på tre sammenhængende og gensidigtunderstøttende initiativområder, jf. figur 1. For det første ar-bejder regeringen for yderligere samhandel og åbninger afmarkederne i EU til gavn for danske virksomheder og forbru-gere. For det andet arbejder regeringen for øget opmærksom-hed om de gældende regler i det indre marked. For det tredjearbejder regeringen for bedre og mere ensartet kontrol medvarer blandt andet gennem bedre koordination af myndighe-dernes indsats og øget samarbejde mellem EU-landene.

imposing effective sanctions against competitors that break therules.A well-functioning Internal Market with an effectiveprotection of consumers and the environment may alsocontribute to effectively promoting innovation amongbusinesses. One way to further this development is toadopt legislation rewarding the use of sustainable energysources and other environmentally friendly solutions whichmay give European businesses a competitive edge on theinternational markets in the long term. Concerning theenvironment in particular, the European Union has beenable to set the standard on an international level for variousproduct requirements. This means that several countries,in South-East Asia in particular, choose to copy the EU rulesto make sure that the products of their businesses meet therequirements in the affluent and attractive European market.When other countries adopt the European rules, Europeanbusinesses will therefore typically have an advantage as first-movers because they have already gained a certain expertisewithin the framework of the European rules.Finally, it is important to emphasise that in order to effectivelyachieve the continued improvement of the protection ofconsumer safety and health, of workers and the environment,the authorities of all Member States must collaborateand share knowledge about how to plan the protection ofconsumers, workers and the environment in an optimummanner.The Government is therefore launching an action plan tocontribute to the development of a more open and safe SingleMarket. The strategy is based on three interconnected andmutually supporting initiative areas, see Figure 1. Firstly,the Government works to increase trade and opening of theEuropean markets for the benefit of businesses and consumersin Denmark. Secondly, the Government works to increaseawareness about applicable rules in the Internal Market.Thirdly, the Government works to create improved and moreuniform control of products through better coordination ofgovernment efforts and increased collaboration between EUMember States.

Målet med handlingsplanen er at videreudvikle det indremarked, så det også på lang sigt kan være en central vækst-motor i den europæiske økonomi. Handlingsplanen skalskabe et mere åbent og samtidigt mere sikkert indre markedi EU. Et indre marked med færre handelshindringer og effek-tiv beskyttelse af forbrugere, arbejdstagere og miljø. Et indremarked der fastholder visionen om frihandel også i økonomi-ske modgangstider. Et indre marked der sætter den interna-tionale dagsorden og fremmer innovation og grøn vækst gen-nem effektiv og målrettet EU-regulering.Regeringens handlingsplan vil desuden på sigt blive supple-ret af en række initiativer på EU-plan. Kommissionens for-mand Barroso har således annonceret, at 20-års jubilæet fordet indre marked i 2012 vil blive markeret med en ny indremarkedspakke. Kommissionen er derfor i gang med at vur-dere, hvilke elementer i det indre marked der stadig har etuudnyttet potentiale i sig, således at nye kilder til vækst ogbeskæftigelse kan identificeres.

The objective of the action plan is to further develop theInternal Market to make it a key source of growth for theEuropean economy also in future. The action plan is to createa more open and at the same time a safer Internal Market inthe European Union. An Internal Market with fewer tradebarriers and effective protection of consumers, workersand the environment; an Internal Market in which thevision of free trade is maintained, also in times of economicdepression; an Internal Market which sets the agenda on theinternational scene and promotes innovation and sustainablegrowth through effective and targeted EU legislation.The Government’s action plan will furthermore in thelong term be supplemented by a number of initiatives atEuropean level. The President of the European CommissionJosé Manuel Barroso has thus announced that the InternalMarkets 20 year’s anniversary in 2012 will be marked with anew internal market package. The Commission has thereforewith the purpose of identifying new sources for growth andjobs started the evaluation of which elements in the InternalMarket that still have an untapped potential.

færre handelshindringeri det indre markedfewer trade barriers inthe internal marketThe European Internal Market is well-developed in many re-spects. 80 per cent of the products marketed in the EuropeanUnion are subject to harmonised Community rules. The remai-ning 20 per cent is subject to national rules or is unregulated.The Services Directive is a common EU directive adopted for theservices field. The purpose of the Directive is to increase trade inservices within the European Union.3In addition, market ope-nings are constantly taking place in selected services sectors, in-cluding the transport, network and financial services sectors.Even though the European Union thus has made good progressin the efforts to create an Internal Market for goods and services,the job is not done. The development of uniform competitiveconditions, either in the form of actual harmonisation on the EUlevel or more uniform national rules, creates new potential mar-kets for Danish businesses and new options for Danish consu-mers. The markets become larger, which will intensify competi-tion and force businesses to improve their products, services andprocesses to gain market shares. Trade liberalisation and regula-tory convergence in the European Union will thus increase com-petition and force businesses to be innovative for the benefit ofDanish competitiveness and growth. This is imperative at a timewhen Danish exports are under extreme pressure, see Figure 2.Figure 2: Development in Danish exportsSource: Statistics Denmark (SITC2R4M).

EU’s indre marked er veludviklet på en lang række områder. 80% af de varer, der markedsføres i EU, er dækket af harmoniseredefælleseuropæiske regler. De resterende 20 % er dækket af natio-nale regler eller er ikke regulerede. På serviceområdet er der ved-taget et tværgående direktiv – servicedirektivet3– der skal øgehandel med tjenesteydelser i EU. Derudover foregår der løbendemarkedsåbninger inden for udvalgte servicesektorer, herundertransport-, netværks- og finansielle tjenesteydelser m.v.Selv om EU således er kommet langt for at skabe et indre mar-ked for varer og services, kan der stadig gøres mere. Udviklingenaf ensartede konkurrencevilkår, enten i form af egentlig harmo-nisering på EU-niveau eller via mere ensartede nationale regler,skaber nye afsætningsmuligheder for danske virksomheder ognye valgmuligheder for danske forbrugere. Markederne bliverstørre, hvilket intensiverer konkurrencen og tvinger virksom-hederne til at optimere produkter, services og processer medhenblik på at vinde markedsandele. Handelsliberalisering ogregelharmonisering i EU øger således konkurrencepresset ogtvinger virksomhederne til at være innovative til gavn for danskkonkurrenceevne og vækst. Dette er afgørende i en tid, hvor dendanske eksport er under stærkt pres, jf. figur 2.Figur 2: Udvikling i dansk eksportKilde: Danmarks Statistik (SITC2R4M).

2.1 færre og mere ensartede nationale regler for varer og services De største tilbageværende knaster i det indre marked vedrø-rer de varer og services, som ikke er omfattet af EU-regler, el-ler hvor EU-reglerne giver mulighed for supplerende nationallovgivning. Det drejer sig om mindst 20 % af varerne og enstor del af serviceydelserne.Nationale regler kan udgøre barrierer for samhandlen i EU. Deindebærer, at varer og services ikke kan bevæge sig frit overgrænserne, men skal tilpasses, ændres eller godkendes for atblive handlet over grænserne. Det skaber meromkostninger,som i sidste ende skal betales af forbrugerne.Nationale regler er imidlertid oftest fastsat ud fra legitimehensyn såsom beskyttelse af forbrugere, sundhed, sikkerhedeller miljø eller på baggrund af den tekniske infrastruktur(jernbanesystemet, elektricitet, gas mv.). De nationale reglerer med andre ord begrundede i tungtvejende hensyn. Det erderfor nødvendigt med initiativer, som anerkender, at der i etvist omfang er behov for nationale regler, men som samtidigtilstræber størst mulig ensartethed imellem de nationale reg-ler.Ifølge en undersøgelse foretaget af Kommissionen har opmod 25 % af alle virksomheder, som handler i det indre mar-ked, haft problemer med nationale regler, der begrænser denfrie bevægelighed.4Beregninger viser, at danske regler på va-reområdet medfører, at BNP i Danmark årligt er knap 2 mia.kr. lavere, end det ellers kunne have været.5Andre analyserpeger på, at fjernelse af barrierer for 10 udvalgte serviceydel-ser, herunder krav om autorisation, nationalitet m.v., vil med-føre en årlig vækst i BNP på godt 300 mio. kr.6Nationale reglerbegrænser dermed både danske virksomheders eksport til deandre EU lande og dansk import af varer fra EU. Det skadervækst, konkurrence og innovation i Danmark.Alene på vareområdet er der i perioden 2001-2009 indførtomkring 5.900 nationale regler i EU-medlemslandene. Detsvarer til gennemsnitlig 655 forskellige nye nationale reglerom året, jf. figur 3.7

2.1 fewer and more uniform national rules on goods and servicesThe largest obstacles that remain in the Internal Market relateto goods and services not covered by EU rules or concerningwhich the EU rules allow for additional national regulation.This relates to at least 20 per cent of the goods and a largeproportion of the services.National rules may constitute barriers to intra-European trade.Such rules prevent the free movement of goods and servicesacross borders unless they have been adapted, modified orapproved for cross-border trade. This creates additional costs,which are ultimately paid by consumers.However, national rules are often laid down on the basisof legitimate considerations, such as the protection ofconsumers, health, safety or the environment, or on thebasis of the technical infrastructure (railways, electricity,gas, etc.). In other words, the national rules are justified byweighty considerations. Initiatives are therefore requiredthat recognise the necessity of national rules to a certainextent while at the same time aiming at the greatest possibleuniformity of national rules.According to a survey made by the European Commission,almost 25 per cent of all businesses trading on the InternalMarket have experienced problems with national rules thatlimit free movement.4Calculations show that Danish rulesgoverning the goods field imply that Denmark’s GDP isalmost DKK 2 billion lower than it could have been.5Otheranalyses indicate that the removal of barriers to the trade inten selected services, including authorisation and nationalityrequirements, would result in an annual growth in GDPof just over DKK 300 million.6National rules thereby limitboth Danish exports to other EU Member States and Danishimports of European goods. This has a negative effect onDanish growth, competition and innovation.In relation to goods alone, 5,900 national rules wereimplemented in the EU Member States from 2001 to 2009.This corresponds to an average of 655 different new rules ayear, see Figure 3.7

Med henblik på at reducere antallet af rent danske regler ned-satte regeringen i 2004 en såkaldt ”Task force for det indremarked” (TIM). TIM har i de senere år gennemgået ca. 400danske retsakter og identificeret barrierer i 154 af disse, derkan være i strid med principperne for det indre marked. Pådenne foranledning bliver der foretaget ændringer i 133 rets-akter. Efter dialog med relevante myndigheder blev det kon-kluderet, at det ikke var muligt at fjerne de resterende barri-erer ud fra særlige nationale hensyn.8Med TIM er Danmark kommet et stykke af vejen i retning afat fjerne uhensigtsmæssige krav i eksisterende regler og der-ved åbne det danske marked for yderligere konkurrence. Ud-fordringen ligger nu i at sikre, at nye eller reviderede reglerogså udarbejdes, så de forvrider handlen i det indre markedmindst muligt, samtidig med at de sikrer en effektiv beskyt-telse af forbrugere, arbejdstagere og miljø.Der indføres derfor et sammenligningskrav, når danske myn-digheder ønsker at indføre nye nationale regler eller revidereeksisterende regler for varer og services. Myndighederne skalfremover afdække, om der findes tilsvarende regler i andreEU-lande og i givet fald lægge de danske regler op ad disseeller begrunde eventuelle afvigelser. Hensigten er at skabestørst mulig konvergens mellem danske og udenlandske reg-ler for derved at udvide markedet for dansk producerede pro-dukter og samtidig opretholde et højt beskyttelsesniveau.Ved at lægge de danske tekniske forskrifter op ad fx tilsva-rende forskrifter i Sverige eller Storbritannien opnås enmindre variation i reglerne på nærtliggende markeder. Detgavner både danske og udenlandske virksomheder. Sammen-ligning med udlandet forbedrer danske virksomheders kon-kurrenceevne og giver endvidere bedre lovgivning, fordi derskabes bedre forudsætninger for at finde løsninger på fællesproblemer.9Indførelsen af et sammenligningskrav i Danmark følges opmed en aktiv dansk indsats for at indføre et tilsvarende kravi resten af EU. Regeringen vil have som prioritet, at der somgenerelt princip i EU stilles krav om sammenligning med ud-landet, når nationale myndigheder vælger at indføre nye reg-ler. Udvidelsen af sammenligningskravet til at omfatte alle 27lande i EU kan få en markant effekt på den danske eksport,da variationen i nationale særregler på tværs af EU mindskesbetragteligt.10

With a view to reducing the number of purely Danish rules,the Danish government set up the ‘Task Force for the InternalMarket’ (TIM) in 2004. Over the last couple of years, TIM hasreviewed around 400 Danish legislative acts, identifyingbarriers in 154 of those acts which may be contrary tothe principles of the Internal Market. For this reason, 133legislative acts will be amended. Following a dialogue withrelevant authorities, it was concluded that a removal of theremaining barriers would not be possible having regard tospecial national considerations.8With TIM, Denmark has made some progress in its effortsto remove inexpedient requirements from existing rules,thereby opening the Danish market to increased competition.The challenge that now remains is to ensure that new andrevised rules are designed so as to distort Internal Markettrade as little as possible while at the same time safeguardingthe effective protection of consumers, workers and theenvironment.The Government therefore introduces a comparisonrequirement that must be observed when Danish authoritieswish to implement new national rules or revise existingrules on goods and services. In future, the authorities mustexamine whether other EU Member States have equivalentrules and, if relevant, imitate such rules when designingthe Danish rules or state the reasons for any deviations. Thepurpose is to create the largest possible degree of convergencebetween Danish and foreign rules to expand the market forproducts manufactured in Denmark while maintaining ahigh level of protection.By imitating equivalent regulations in, for example, Swedenor Great Britain in connection with the preparation of Danishtechnical regulations, Denmark will obtain less variationbetween the rules governing neighbouring markets. This willbenefit both Danish and foreign businesses. Comparison withother countries will improve the competitiveness of Danishbusinesses and facilitate better legislation by providing animproved basis for finding solutions to mutual problems.9The introduction of a Danish comparison requirement will befollowed up by an active Danish effort to introduce a similarrequirement on the EU level. It will be a matter of priorityto the Government that a general European comparisonrequirement be adopted that applies to all national authoritieswhen they intend to introduce new rules. An expansion ofthe comparison requirement to cover all 27 EU Member Statesmay have a notable effect on Danish exports as the variationbetween national special rules across the European Unionwill be reduced considerably.10

initiativ 1: mere ensartede nationale reglerDer indføres et sammenligningskrav, som pålægger danskemyndigheder at sammenligne med regulering i udlandet, nårde indfører nye nationale regler. Konkret skal myndighederne:• Afdække hvordan mindst 3 andre EU lande har valgt atregulere et tilsvarende produkt eller serviceydelse eller etaspekt ved et produkt eller en serviceydelse.• Beskrive hvordan myndigheden har taget disse alternativereguleringsmodeller i betragtning og eventuelt har udfor-met reglen, så den lægger sig op ad udenlandske løsninger• Forklare hvorfor myndigheden eventuelt har valgt ikke atlægge sig op ad en udenlandsk løsning, og hvilke særligehensyn der gør sig gældende i en dansk kontekstDet er regeringens ambition at få vedtaget et generelt sam-menligningskrav i hele EU i forbindelse med revision af direk-tiv 98/34 (informationsproceduredirektivet).

initiative 1: more uniform national rulesA comparison requirement will be introduced which ordersDanish authorities to compare with the regulations ofother countries when introducing new national rules. Morespecifically, the authorities must:• Examine the way in which at least three other EU MemberStates have opted to regulate a similar product or service oran aspect of a product or a service.• Describe how the relevant authority has taken suchalternative regulation models into consideration and, ifrelevant, how it has designed the rule to imitate the foreignmodels.• Explain why the authority has opted not to imitatethe foreign models, if that is the case, and what specialconsiderations apply in a Danish context.It is the Government’s ambition that a general comparisonrequirement be adopted for the entire European Union inconnection with the revision of Directive 98/34/EC (theNotification Procedure Directive).

2.2 Yderligere markedsåbning på serviceområdetServicesektoren udgør et andet stort område med potentialefor yderligere markedsåbninger i EU’s indre marked. Service-området udgør over 70 % af den europæiske økonomi, menhandlen med serviceydelser på tværs af grænserne i EU udgørblot 20 % af den samlede handel.11Dette skyldes til dels, at enrække services ikke i samme omfang som varer kan handlesover grænserne. Visse services udføres således ”på stedet”, fxfrisører. Analyser viser dog, at samhandlen med serviceydelseri EU stadig er mindre, end man kan forvente.12Der er derfor etstort uudnyttet potentiale ved yderligere markedsåbning påserviceområdet. Kommissionen vurderer, at et helt frit markedfor services vil bidrage med 1,8 % af BNP i EU svarende til 2,5mio. jobs.13I 2006 tog EU et første skridt i retning af at styrke handlen medservices med vedtagelsen af servicedirektivet. Direktivet skalforbedre mulighederne for etablering af serviceydere i andremedlemsstater samt levering af serviceydelser på tværs afgrænserne og derved bidrage til at skabe et reelt indre markedfor services. I medfør af direktivet har alle EU-lande bl.a. gen-nemgået deres lovgivning for at fjerne ulovlige barrierer forhandel med serviceydelser. I løbet af 2010 skal medlemslandenevurdere hinandens implementering af direktivet med henblikpå at sikre, at alle ulovlige barrierer reelt er blevet fjernet.Med servicedirektivet er grundstenen således lagt for at rea-lisere et egentligt indre marked for services i EU. Men der vilfortsat eksistere barrierer for serviceydelsernes frie bevæge-lighed i EU. En lang række nationale regler påvirkes ikke af ser-vicedirektivet, hvilket indebærer, at medlemslandene fortsatvil have forskellig regulering af en række serviceydelser. Her-til kommer, at en del serviceydelser, helt eller delvist er undta-get fra servicedirektivet. Det gælder fx transport-, sociale- ogfinansielle services og netværksservices som el-, gas- og vand-

2.2 further opening of the services marketThe services sector is another important field with additionalmarket opening potential within the European InternalMarket. The services field accounts for 70 per cent of theEuropean economy, but cross-border trade in services withinthe European Union only accounts for 20 per cent of totaltrade.11This is partly due to the fact that it is not possible totrade a number of services across borders to the same extentas goods. Certain services are thus provided ‘on site’, forexample by hairdressers. However, analyses show that thetrade in services in the European Union is still lower thanwhat could be expected.12Further opening of the marketfor services thus possesses a major unexploited potential.According to an assessment made by the Commission, acompletely free market for services would contribute with 1.8per cent of European GDP, corresponding to 2.5 million jobs.13In 2006, the European Union took the first step towardsstrengthening the trade in services by adopting the ServicesDirective. The aim of the Directive is to make it easier forservice providers to set up business in other Member Statesand to provide services across borders, thereby contributingto the creation of a proper Internal Market for services.Pursuant to the Directive, all EU Member States have reviewedtheir national legislation, etc., to identify and remove illegalbarriers to the trade in services. During 2010, all MemberStates must assess the other States’ implementation of theDirective to make sure that all illegal barriers have actuallybeen removed.The Services Directive is thus the foundation stone of therealisation of a proper Internal Market for services in theEuropean Union. However, barriers to the free movementof services in the European Union will still remain. A largenumber of national rules are not affected by the Services

distribution. For at udnytte mulighederne for virksomhederog forbrugere, der findes i et indre marked for services, er derfortsat brug for en indsats.Den fremtidige indsats på serviceområdet skal ikke nødven-digvist ske i form af et nyt horisontalt servicedirektiv. I stedetvil regeringen arbejde for en målrettet indsats, der bygger vi-dere på servicedirektivets basis. Der skal sættes ind med yder-ligere markedsåbning og forenkling af regler og krav på deområder, hvor effekten vurderes at være størst for samhan-delen i EU. Midlerne til at fremme samhandel med services iEU kan enten være yderligere sektorvis harmonisering, mendet kan også være anvendelse af frivillige standarder for ud-valgte services eller bedre håndhævelse og information omeksisterende regler.

Directive, which implies that a number of services will stillbe regulated by different rules in the various Member States.Moreover, a fair number of services are exempted from theServices Directive, in full or in part. This applies to transport,social and financial services and network services such aspower, gas and water supply, etc. Work still needs to be doneto exploit the opportunities for businesses and consumersinherent in the Internal Market for services.Future efforts in the services field will not necessarily have tomanifest themselves in a new horizontal Services Directive.Instead, the Government will focus on targeted efforts thatbuild upon the foundation laid by the Services Directive.This includes further opening of markets and simplificationof rules and requirements in fields which are estimated tohave the largest effect on intra-European trade. The meansto promote trade in services in the European Union couldbe either in the form of further harmonisation by sector, bythe use of voluntary standards for selected services or byimproved enforcement of and information about existingrules.

2.3 innovationsdrivende regulering i euMed gennemførelsen af EU’s indre marked er der vedtagetharmoniserede EU-regler på en lang række områder. Reglernemedvirker til at fremme samhandlen i EU og samtidig sikre ef-fektiv beskyttelse af forbrugere, arbejdstagere og miljø. Omfan-get af EU-regulering betyder imidlertid, at et produkt ofte vilskulle overholde en række direktiver for at kunne markedsføreslovligt i EU. Det skaber problemer for virksomhederne, fordi derimellem direktiverne er store forskelle i centrale definitioner,krav til producenter og importører, mærkningskrav m.v. Detteskaber uklarhed omkring fortolkning af direktiverne, mang-lende sammenhæng og generelt betydelige administrativebyrder for virksomhederne.Som producent af eksempelvis fjernsyn skal man forholde sigtil mindst 8 forskellige EU-direktiver med forskellige definitio-ner m.v., jf. boks 1. Det er derfor svært for både myndigheder ogvirksomheder at skabe klarhed over kravene. Resultatet bliverforskellige fortolkninger og manglende sammenhæng.

2.3 eu regulation to drive innovationWith the implementation of the European Internal Market,harmonised EU rules governing a large number of fields havebeen adopted. The rules support the promotion of trade in theEuropean Union while safeguarding the effective protectionof consumers, workers and the environment. However, thescope of EU regulation means that a product must oftencomply with a number of directives to be marketed lawfullyin the European Union. This causes problems for businessesbecause of the wide differences in key definitions andmanufacturer, importer and labelling requirements, etc.,between the different directives. This causes confusion aboutthe interpretation of the directives, inconsistency and asignificant administrative burden in general for businesses.To give an example, manufacturers of televisions mustrelate to at least eight different EU directives with differentdefinitions, etc., see Box 1. It is therefore difficult for authoritiesand businesses to bring clarity to the requirements. Theoutcome is differing interpretations and inconsistency.

For at imødegå dette problem vedtog Europa-Parlamentet ogRådet i 2008 en afgørelse, der sætter rammerne for fremtidiglovgivning i relation til markedsføring af produkter i EU.15For-målet med afgørelsen er at strømline EU-lovgivningen, så detbliver nemmere for virksomheder at forstå og forholde sig tilEU-lovgivningen. Konkret betyder afgørelsen, at centrale be-greber og procedurer defineres på samme måde på tværs afdirektiver og forordninger. Det drejer sig bl.a. om ansvarsforde-ling mellem producenter, importører og distributører og kravtil testlaboratorier, der certificerer produkter inden markedsfø-ring.Derudover fastslår afgørelsen, at den såkaldte ”ny metode”skal anvendes som reguleringsform i fremtidig lovgivning.Den ny metode indebærer, at lovgiverne kun fastsætter devæsentlige krav til et produkt i lovgivningen, mens de tekni-ske krav præciseres i harmoniserede europæiske standarder,der udvikles med inddragelse af virksomheder, forbrugere,myndigheder og andre interessenter.Udgangspunktet om anvendelse af den ny metode kan dogfraviges, hvis det for at sikre tilstrækkelig beskyttelse af for-brugerne, den offentlige sundhed og miljøet eller andre of-fentlige interesser ikke er muligt eller hensigtsmæssigt atanvende væsentlige krav. I så fald kan der i den pågældendeharmoniseringslovgivning fastsættes detaljerede specifika-tioner.Den ny metode er den mest effektive tilgang til at sikre, atEU-regulering omsættes i innovative løsninger hos virksom-hederne. Med den ny metode er det kun de væsentlige krav,der fastsættes i lovgivningen. Det kunne fx være krav om, aten maskine skal være sikker. Det overlades derpå til virksom-hederne at vælge, hvilke tekniske løsninger man ønsker atanvende for at overholde de væsentlige krav. Herudover fast-sætter standarderne oftest krav til produkternes ydelse fremfor krav til produktets sammensætning, hvilket giver rumfor konkurrence mellem forskellige produkter og tekniskeløsninger. Dette fremmer igen virksomhedernes innovation.Endelig giver den ny metode mulighed for et hurtigere optag

To address this problem, the European Parliament and theCouncil adopted a decision in 2008 that provides the frameworkfor future legislation on the marketing of products in theEuropean Union.15The objective of the decision is to streamlineEU legislation to make it easier for businesses to understand andrelate to the EU legislation. More specifically, the decision meansthat the definition of key concepts and procedures must be thesame in all relevant directives and regulations. This applies, interalia, to the division of responsibility between manufacturers,importers and distributors and requirements of test laboratorieswhich certify products before they are marketed.The decision also establishes that the so-called ‘new approach’must be the instrument applied in future legislation. The newapproach implies that only the essential product requirementsare laid down by legislators while the technical requirementsare specified by harmonised European standards developedin collaboration with businesses, consumers, authorities andother stakeholders.However, the general rule on application of the new approachmay be deviated from if the safeguarding of adequateprotection of consumers, public health and the environmentor other public interests make it impossible or inexpedientto apply essential requirements. In that case, detailedspecifications may be laid down in the relevant harmonisedlegislation.The new approach is the most effective way to ensure that EUrules are translated into innovative solutions by businesses.With the new approach, only the essential requirementsare laid down by legislation. One example could be that amachine must be safe to use. It is then for the businesses todecide which technical solutions they want to use to complywith the essential requirements. Moreover, the standardsoften lay down product performance requirements ratherthan product composition requirements, thereby providingroom for competition between different products andtechnical solutions. This again promotes business innovation.Finally, the new approach facilitates faster authorisation

2.4 fortsat effektiv implementering af eu-lovgivningDer er bred enighed om, at et velfungerende indre marked i EUer afgørende for vækst og beskæftigelse i Danmark. Den dan-ske nationale EU-koordinationsproces fremmer høring af alleinteressenter og tidlig inddragelse af Folketinget i forbindelsemed forhandling af ny EU-lovgivning. Dette sikrer effektiv poli-tisk forankring af dansk interessevaretagelse i EU.Selve implementeringsprocessen er imidlertid ikke en del afden danske EU-koordinationsproces i dag. Medlemsstaternesevne til at implementere EU-lovgivning rettidigt og korrekt erimidlertid afgørende for, at det indre marked fungerer. Forsin-ket eller ukorrekt implementering udgør en handelshindringfor virksomheder, der opererer i det indre marked.Danmark har i mange år været førende i EU med hensyn til atimplementere EU-lovgivning til tiden, jf. figur4.

2.4 continued effective implementation of eu legislationIt is widely agreed that a well-functioning European InternalMarket is of decisive importance to growth and employmentin Denmark. The Danish national EU policy coordinationprocedure promotes the consultation of all stakeholdersand involvement of the Folketing (the Danish Parliament)early in the process in connection with the negotiation ofnew EU rules. This ensures effective political support for thesafeguarding of Danish interests in the European Union.However, the actual implementation procedure is not partof the Danish EU policy coordination procedure today. Thetimely and correct implementation of EU legislation byMember States is, however, of decisive importance to a well-functioning Internal Market. Late or incorrect implementationconstitutes a trade barrier to businesses operating in theInternal Market.For many years, Denmark has been one of the leadingcountries in respect of timely implementation of EUlegislation, see Figure 4.

information om regler idet indre markedinformation about internalmarket rulesAlthough further initiatives are still necessary, see chapter 2,the Internal Market has now become very well-developed interms of harmonisation of rules across Member States. However,various surveys show that consumers and businesses only havelimited knowledge of the relevant rules, rights and principlesin the Internal Market. Moreover, national authorities do notalways apply the EU rules correctly.A 2006 survey show that only three in ten Danes feel thatthey have very good or good knowledge about their rights inthe Internal Market, which is fewer than in our neighbouringcountries, see Figure 5.18Figure 5: Knowledge of rights in the Internal Market. Denmark,Sweden and the NetherlandsSource: The Commission

Selvom yderligere initiativer er nødvendige, jf. kapitel 2, så er detindre marked efterhånden ganske veludviklet, når det gælderharmonisering af regler på tværs af medlemslandene. En rækkeundersøgelser viser imidlertid, at forbrugere og virksomhederkun i begrænset omfang kender relevante regler, rettigheder ogprincipper i det indre marked. Derudover anvender nationalemyndigheder ikke altid EU-reglerne korrekt.En undersøgelse fra 2006 viser, at kun 3 ud af 10 danskere føler,at de har meget godt eller godt kendskab til deres rettigheder idet indre marked, hvilket er mindre end i vores nabolande, jf. fi-gur 5.18Figur 5: Kendskab til rettigheder i det indre marked. Danmark,Sverige og Nederlandene.Kilde: Kommissionen

I en svensk undersøgelse fra 2005 peger 8 ud af 10 svenskevirksomheder på, at de enten helt mangler eller har et megetbegrænset kendskab til egne rettigheder i det indre marked.19Tilsvarende erkender 8 ud af 10 svenske myndigheder, at dehar begrænset eller ingen viden om EU-reglerne på deres om-råde.20Disse forhold gør, at forbrugere og virksomheder ikke fuldtud nyder godt af de fordele, der er forbundet med EU’s indremarked. Der er derfor behov for, at hver enkelt medlemsstatpåtager sig et ansvar for at sikre, at det indre marked ogsåfungerer i praksis, således at borgere og virksomheder kannyde godt af fordelene ved det indre marked. I partnerskabmed Kommissionen bør de nationale myndigheder arbejdefor at oplyse om reglerne i det indre marked og fremme kor-rekt anvendelse heraf. Kun ved en koordineret indsats på EU-og nationalt niveau kan gevinsterne ved det indre markedrealiseres fuldt ud.For at sikre, at danske virksomheder og forbrugere kan agereproblemfrit i det indre marked, vil regeringen igangsætte enrække initiativer, der vil:• Styrke information om reglerne i det indre marked• Lette adgang til problemløsning• Fremme korrekt national håndhævelse af EU-reglerne.3.1 statens indre markeds center Udviklingen af det indre marked har skabt store fordele forbåde virksomheder og forbrugere i form af forbedrede eksport-muligheder, øget konkurrence, større produktudvalg og laverepriser. Der er imidlertid fortsat et uudnyttet potentiale i detindre marked. En lang række erhvervsdrivende møder fortsathindringer for varernes frie bevægelighed, ligesom blot 25 % afforbrugerne handler over grænserne i EU.Dette skyldes i høj grad, at både virksomheder og forbrugerehar et utilstrækkeligt kendskab til deres muligheder og rettig-heder i det indre marked. Derudover peger undersøgelser på, atder også hos visse myndigheder kan være brug for øget kend-skab til fællesskabsretten.21Problemets omfang kan illustreresved, at hele 28 % af virksomhederne støder på barrierer, når deforsøger at sælge varer på tværs af EU, mens kun 4 % af virk-somhederne vælger at klage til myndighederne og forsøger atbekæmpe barriererne. Langt størstedelen af virksomhedernevælger i stedet enten at tilpasse varen til de særlige nationaleregler eller opgiver markedet, jf. figur 6.22

According to a Swedish survey from 2005, eight in ten Swedishbusinesses indicate that they have no knowledge at all or onlyvery limited knowledge of their rights in the Internal Market.19Correspondingly, eight in ten Swedish authorities admit thatthey have limited or no knowledge about the EU rules in theirfield.20This implies that consumers and businesses do not fully enjoythe advantages offered by the European Internal Market. It istherefore necessary that all Member States assume a sharedresponsibility that the Internal Market works in practice toenable citizens and businesses to enjoy the advantages of theInternal Market. National authorities ought to work togetherwith the Commission to improve information about InternalMarket rules and to promote the correct application thereof.The benefits of the Internal Market can only be realised in fullthrough coordinated European and national efforts.To avoid encountering problems when Danish businessesand consumers act in the Internal Market, the Governmentwill launch various initiatives to:• Improve information about Internal Market rules• Provide easier access to problem solving• Advance correct national enforcement of EU rules.

3.1 the internal market centre of the danish state The development of the Internal Market has created majorbenefits for businesses as well as consumers in the formof improved export opportunities, increased competition,more products on the market and lower prices. However, theInternal Market still has unexploited potential. Many tradersstill face obstacles to the free movement of goods, and only 25per cent of consumers make cross-border transactions in theEuropean Union.To a large extent, this is due to the fact that businesses aswell as consumers have insufficient knowledge of theiropportunities and rights in the Internal Market. In addition,surveys indicate that some authorities may also need moreknowledge of Community law.21To illustrate the scope of theproblem, as much as 28 per cent of businesses meet barrierswhen they try to sell goods across borders in the EuropeanUnion, while only 4 per cent of the businesses choose tocomplain to the authorities and try to overcome the barriers.Instead, the majority of businesses opt to modify the productto comply with the special national rules or give up themarket, see Figure 6.22

virksomhedens reaktionreaction of the businessMed henblik på at øge virksomheders og forbrugeres videnom regler og rettigheder i det indre marked er der gennemde senere år i alle medlemslande etableret en række kon-taktpunkter, som skal oplyse og vejlede forbrugere og virk-somheder om EU. Der er dog generelt ringe kendskab til kon-taktpunkterne og ansvarsfordelingen mellem dem. 73 % afdanskerne har ikke hørt om et eneste af kontaktpunkterne,jf. tabel 2.23A number of contact points have been established in all EUMember States in recent years for the purpose of increasingbusiness and consumer knowledge about rules and rights inthe Internal Market. The contact points provide informationand guidance to consumers and businesses about theEuropean Union. However, awareness of the contact pointsand their division of responsibility is generally poor. 73 percent of the Danes have not heard about one single contactpoint, see Table 2.23

kontaktpunkt contact point Your EuropeKommissionens informationstjeneste som oplyserom borgers og virksomheders rettigheder ogmuligheder i det indre marked.Your EuropeThe information service of the Commission providinginformation to citizens and businesses about their rightsand opportunities in the Internal Market.SOLVITUformelt problemløsningsnetværk som hjælpervirksomheder og borgere, der støder på hindringeri det indre marked.SOLVITInformal problem solving network assistingbusinesses and citizens who encounter obstaclesin the Internal Market.FIN-NETUformelt klagenetværk i spørgsmål vedrørendefinansielle tjenesteydelser på tværs af medlemslande.FIN-NETInformal dispute resolution network relating tofinancial services across Member States.Europe DirectFælleseuropæisk tjeneste som besvarer generellespørgsmål om EU samt henviser til kilder for yderligereinformation.Europe DirectJoint European service giving replies to general inquiriesabout EU matters and about where to obtain additionalinformation.Forbruger EuropaGenerel rådgivning om forbrugerrettigheder ogklagevejledning ved konkrete forbrugerhenvendelser.European Consumer Centre DenmarkEuropean information centre providing general adviceabout consumer rights and complaints procedures inconnection with specific consumer inquiries.

eksempel på en handelsbarriere der blev håndteret gennem solvitEn dansk virksomhed, som bl.a. sælger forskellige tekstilvarerfra detailforretninger i Ungarn, blev mødt med en rækkemærkningskrav, som lå ud over kravene i det relevante EU-direktiv.De ungarske myndigheder henholdt sig imidlertid til denungarske forbrugerbeskyttelseslov, som bl.a. stiller megetspecifikke mærkningskrav vedr. importør, oprindelsesland,renholdelse m.v. samt krav om, at alle oplysninger skullevære på ungarsk. Da virksomhedens tekstilvarer ikke opfyldtealle disse krav, udstedte myndighederne i Ungarn en rækkebøder og nedlagde salgsforbud, indtil virksomheden opfyldtekravene.SOLVIT Danmark gjorde opmærksom på, at de mangespecifikke krav lå ud over kravene i EU-direktivet og heller ikkehavde hjemmel i anden gældende EU-lovgivning. Desudenhenledte SOLVIT Danmark opmærksomheden på traktatensartikel 28 og 30 (nu TEUF artikel 34 og 36) og princippet omgensidig anerkendelse.På den baggrund erkendte myndighederne i Ungarn, atden nationale lovgivning var i strid med EU-retten, oglovgivningen blev ændret pr. 1. september 2008. Den danskevirksomhed sælger nu sine varer i Ungarn uden problemer.

example of a trade barrier issue handled through the solvit networkA Danish business which sells different textile goods fromretail shops in Hungary encountered a number of labellingrequirements in addition to the requirements stipulated bythe relevant EU directive.The Hungarian authorities, however, relied on the Hungarianconsumer protection act, which stipulates very strict labellingrequirements relating to the importer, country of origin,cleaning, etc., and a requirement that all information must bein Hungarian. Because the textile goods of the business didnot satisfy all these requirements, the Hungarian authoritiesissued a number of fines and a preliminary ban on sales untilthe business satisfied the requirements.SOLVIT Denmark drew attention to the fact that the manyspecific requirements were not part of the requirements ofthe EU directive and had no legal basis pursuant to any otherEU legislation. Moreover, SOLVIT Denmark drew attention toArticles 28 and 30 of the Treaty (now article 34 and 36 of theTreaty on the Functioning of the European Union) and to theprinciple of mutual recognition.Against that background, the Hungarian authoritiesacknowledged that their national legislation was contrary toEU law and amended the act on 1 September 2008. The Danishbusiness now sells its goods in Hungary without problems.

For at forbedre virksomhedernes adgang til viden om og pro-blemløsning i det indre marked har regeringen etableret et In-dre Markeds Center. Indre Markeds Centret arbejder proaktivtfor, at EU-reglerne implementeres og håndhæves korrekt i Dan-mark og andre EU-lande. Dette sker primært gennem rådgiv-ning og vejledning af virksomheder og myndigheder om an-vendelse af de grundlæggende principper i EU’s indre markedfor varer og services. Indre Markeds Centret tilbyder endvidereproblemløsning for virksomheder, der møder barrierer i andreEU-lande gennem SOLVIT-systemet samt oplysning om danskeog udenlandske regler for varer og services via produktkon-taktpunktet og kvikskranken for serviceydere.Indre Markeds Centret har også til formål fortsat at udvikle detindre marked. Dette sker gennem forhandling og implemen-tering af tværgående indre markedslovgivning, som det harværet tilfældet med servicedirektivet og den såkaldte ”vare-pakke”.24Det sker også gennem analyseprojekter og policyini-tiativer, som fokuserer på at styrke det indre marked i Danmarkog EU.Endelig skal Indre Markeds Centret sikre et tættere samarbejdemellem danske kontaktpunkter, der har til formål at hjælpedanske virksomheder med at agere i det indre marked. Eta-bleringen af indre markeds koordinationsfunktioner er nævntsom et eksempel på god praksis på i Kommissionens anbefa-linger.25

The Government has set up the Internal Market Centre to im-prove businesses’ access to knowledge and problem solving as-sistance relating to the Internal Market. The Internal MarketCentre works proactively for the correct implementation andenforcement of EU rules in Denmark and other EU MemberStates. This work mainly consists of guidance and advice tobusinesses and authorities about the application of the funda-mental principles of the European Internal Market for goodsand services. The Internal Market Centre also offers problemsolving assistance through the SOLVIT network to businesseswhich encounter barriers in other EU Member States and infor-mation about Danish and foreign rules on goods and servicesthrough the Product Contact Point and the Single Point of Con-tact for service providers.Another purpose of the Internal Market Centre is to further de-velop the Internal Market. This work includes the negotiationand implementation of horisontal Internal Market legislation,as was the case with the Services Directive and the so-called‘goods package’.24Other means are analysis projects and policyinitiatives which focus on strengthening the Internal Marketin Denmark and the European Union.Finally, the Internal Market Centre is to work for closer colla-boration between Danish contact points which help Danishbusinesses act in the Internal Market. In its Recommendations,the European Commission mentions the setting up of InternalMarket coordination functions as a good practice example.25

initiativ 5: stYrkelse af statens indre markeds centerIndre Markeds Centret skal styrke den overordnede og tværgå-ende koordinering af indre markedspolitikken. Indre MarkedsCentret har følgende opgaver:• Rådgivning og vejledning af danske myndigheder i anven-delsen af de grundlæggende principper i det indre markedfor varer og services• Rådgivning og vejledning af virksomheder, som støder påproblemer med handel med varer og services i det indremarked gennem SOLVIT-netværket• Drift af en række kontaktpunkter, herunder en kvikskrankefor udenlandske serviceudbydere, produktkontaktpunkt forvarer samt kontaktpunkt for myndighedernes notifikatio-ner af danske regler til Kommissionen (direktiv 98/34/EF og2006/123/EF)• Forhandling af tværgående indre markedslovgivning forvarer og services• Gennemførelse af analyser og udvikling af tværgående ini-tiativer, der kan styrke det indre marked i Danmark og EU

initiative 5: strengthening of the internal market centre of the danish stateThe purpose of the Internal Market Centre is to strengthen theoverall and joint coordination of the Internal Market policy.The Internal Market Centre is responsible for:• Providing guidance and advice to Danish authorities inrelation to the application of fundamental principles in theInternal Market for goods and services• Providing guidance and advice to businesses which haveencountered problems in relation to the trade in goods andservices in the Internal Market through the SOLVIT network• Operating a number of contact points, including a one-stopshop for foreign service providers, a product contact pointfor goods and a contact point for authorities in connectionwith notifications to the Commission about Danish rules(Directives 98/34/EC and 2006/123/EC)• Negotiating common Internal Market legislation on goodsand services• Carrying out analyses and developing joint initiativesto strengthen the Internal Market in Denmark and theEuropean Union

I realiteten er CE-mærket producentens tilkendegivelse af, at envare opfylder alle de gældende lovkrav til sikkerhed, sundhedog miljø m.v. I nogle tilfælde skal et uafhængigt tredjepartsor-gan, fx et prøvningslaboratorium, inddrages, før fabrikantenmå sætte CE-mærket på varen. I andre tilfælde kan producen-ten selv sætte CE-mærket på varen. Det afhænger af risikoenved varen. CE-mærket er således producentens erklæring om,at varen lever op til EU-reglerne. CE-mærket kan ses som varenspas, der sikrer, at en vare let kan handles over grænserne i heleEU.For at systemet fungerer, er det imidlertid afgørende, at de er-hvervsdrivende kender betydningen af mærket og anvenderdet i overensstemmelse med reglerne. Er det ikke tilfældet, sårisikerer forbrugerne i sidste ende at købe produkter, der erulovlige og potentielt farlige.For at sikre bedre anvendelse af CE-mærket blandt danske virk-somheder iværksætter regeringen en informationsindsats ret-tet mod producenter, importører og distributører af varer. Ind-satsen skal mindske antallet af ulovlige produkter på markedetmed henblik på at sikre effektiv beskyttelse af forbrugere, ar-bejdstagere og miljø samt medvirke til at skabe lige konkur-rencevilkår i Danmark. Informationsindsatsen målrettes er-hvervsdrivende inden for de sektorer, hvor der viser sig størstproblemer med korrekt forståelse og anvendelse af CE-mærket.

The CE marking is in fact the manufacturer’s declaration thata product meets all applicable statutory safety, health andenvironmental requirements, etc. In certain cases an independentthird party, for example a test laboratory, must be involved beforethe product may be labelled with the CE marking. In other cases themanufacturer itself may label the product with the CE marking.This depends on the risk associated with the product. The CEmarking is thus the manufacturer’s declaration that the productcomplies with the EU rules. The CE marking may be regarded asthe passport of the product, facilitating easy cross-border trade ofthe product in the entire European Union.However, in order for the system to function, it is imperative thattraders know the meaning of the mark and apply it in accordancewith the rules. If that is not the case, consumers may ultimately riskpurchasing products that are illegal and potentially dangerous.As part of its efforts to improve the use of the CE marking bybusinesses, the Government will launch an information initiativetargeted at manufacturers, importers and distributors of goods.This initiative is to reduce the number of illegal products onthe market with a view to ensuring the effective protectionof consumers, workers and the environment and contributeto creating equal competitive conditions in Denmark. Theinformation initiative will be targeted at traders in the sectorswhere the problems of understanding and applying the CEmarking correctly are the greatest.

3.3 bedre nationalt kendskab til og anvendelse af regler for det indre marked Analyser peger på, at barrierer i det indre marked i et vist om-fang også opstår, fordi de nationale myndigheder ikke anven-der reglerne korrekt. Det er fx tilfældet i forhold til princippetom gensidig anerkendelse af varer. Princippet indebærer, atvarer, som er lovligt markedsført i en medlemsstat, som ud-gangspunkt lovligt kan markedsføres i hele EU, uanset hvadder måtte være af regler for den pågældende vare i den na-tionale lovgivning, medmindre de nationale regler falder indunder traktatens undtagelsesbestemmelser.Princippet om gensidig anerkendelse af varer bliver eksem-pelvis brudt, hvis myndighederne kræver yderligere testrap-porter eller stiller yderligere krav til et produkt, som alleredeer lovligt markedsført i et andet land. Opgørelser viser, athele 43 % af de sager, som Kommissionen i 2005 anlagde mod

3.3 improved national knowledge and application of internal market rules Analyses indicate that barriers to the Internal Market arealso to a wide extent due to misapplication of the rules by thenational authorities. This is the case in connection with theprinciple of mutual recognition of goods. The principle meansthat goods that are marketed lawfully in one Member Statemay generally be marketed lawfully in the entire EuropeanUnion, regardless of any national statutory rules that mayexist for the relevant product, unless such national rules fallwithin the exemptions of the Treaty.For example, it would be an infringement of the principle ofmutual recognition of goods if the national authorities requireadditional test reports to be carried out or make additionalrequirements of a product which is already marketed lawfullyin another Member State. Surveys show that as much as 43 per

I en spørgeskemaundersøgelse gennemført blandt 2.000 er-hvervsdrivende i EU svarede op mod 89 % af de erhvervsdri-vende inden for en specifik produktgruppe, at de har oplevetproblemer med anvendelsen af princippet om gensidig aner-kendelse.28Regeringen vil i partnerskab med Kommissionen sikre, atprincippet om gensidig anerkendelse anvendes mere korrekt iDanmark. Nem adgang for udenlandske produkter til det dan-ske marked styrker konkurrencen og øger forbrugernes valg-muligheder, hvilket samlet set bidrager til vækst og velfærd iDanmark. Men korrekt anvendelse i andre EU-lande er ogsåcentralt, da det vil gavne danske virksomheders eksportmulig-heder.For at imødegå problemerne med anvendelsen af princip-pet om gensidig anerkendelse er der i EU-regi vedtaget en nyforordning, der præciserer betydningen af princippet og fast-sætter en ny procedure for partshøring m.v.29For at sikre for-ordningens korrekte anvendelse i Danmark, er det vigtigt, atdanske myndigheder og virksomheder informeres grundigtom indholdet og konsekvenserne af den nye forordning, somalle medlemsstaternes myndigheder skal følge. Regeringengennemfører derfor en informationsindsats rettet mod danskemyndigheder.

In a questionnaire survey among 2,000 traders in the EuropeanUnion, up to 89 per cent of the traders within a specific sectorstated that they had encountered problems with the applicationof the mutual recognition principle.28Together with the Commission, the Government will workfor a more correct application of the mutual recognitionprinciple in Denmark. Easy access for foreign products to theDanish market will boost competition and provide moreoptions for consumers, thereby contributing to growth andwelfare in Denmark. But a more correct application in other EUMember States is also essential as it will provide better exportopportunities for Danish businesses.A new EU regulation has been adopted to address the issuesof misapplication of the mutual recognition principle. TheRegulation clarifies the importance of the principle and laysdown new procedures for individual consultation, etc.29Toguarantee the correct application of the Regulation in Denmark,it is important that Danish authorities and businesses receivethorough information about the content and implications of thenew Regulation, which applies to all Member State authorities.The Government will therefore launch an information initiativetargeted at Danish authorities.

3.4 videreudvikling af et indre marked for forbrugerneRealiseringen af det indre marked fremhæves ofte som en afEU’s største bedrifter. Det indre marked har skabt vækst og jobsi EU, konkurrencen er styrket, og virksomhederne udnytter ihøj grad det indre markeds muligheder.Langt de fleste EU-borgere køber dog fortsat deres varer og tje-nesteydelser lokalt i deres egen medlemsstat.30Og selv om e-handlen vokser i disse år, foregår den stadigt primært internti medlemslandene.31Siden 2006 er der i EU sket en stigning ie-handlen indenrigs fra 27 til 33% Alligevel ligger den grænse-overskridende e-handel i det indre marked stabilt på omkring7% i samme periode. Konsekvensen er, at konkurrencepoten-tialet i det indre marked ikke udnyttes fuldt ud – med højerepriser, et begrænset vare- og serviceudbud samt et generelt vel-færdstab til følge.Forbrugerne spiller derfor en central rolle, når potentialet i detindre marked skal realiseres. For mens virksomhederne alle-rede handler over grænserne, har forbrugerne kun i særdelesbegrænset omfang taget mulighederne til sig. De resterendebarrierer for den grænseoverskridende handel må derfor fjer-nes. Det er især væsentligt at sikre forbrugerne et højt beskyt-telses- og oplysningsniveau ved handel over grænser. Tillids-fyldte og oplyste forbrugere, som kender deres rettigheder ogmuligheder, er nemlig en forudsætning for et velfungerendeindre marked.Regeringen har derfor i sin forbrugerpolitiske handlingsplan“Ansvarlig forbrugerpolitik”32fra januar 2010 bl.a. peget på be-hovet for et stærkt internationalt samarbejde og fælleseuropæ-iske løsninger, hvis forbrugerne skal gives ordentlige forhold.Dette indbefatter fx, at der skal udvikles løsninger, som kanstyrke forbrugernes tillid til online-handel og markedsføring.For en uddybende beskrivelse af regeringens initiativer på for-brugerområdet henvises til den forbrugerpolitiske handlings-plan ”Ansvarlig forbrugerpolitik”.

3.4 further development of an internal market for consumersThe realisation of the Internal Market is often highlighted asone of the biggest accomplishments of the European Union. TheInternal Market has generated growth and jobs and boostedcompetition in the European Union, and businesses exploit theopportunities in the Internal Market to a great extent.However, the vast majority of EU citizens still purchase goodsand services locally in their own Member State.30And eventhough e-commerce is increasing these years, it is still mainly alocal phenomenon within the individual Member States.31Since2006, national e-commerce in the European Union increasedfrom 27 per cent to 33 per cent. Still, cross-border e-commercein the Internal Market has remained stable at around 7 per centin the same period. The consequence is that the competitionpotential inherent in the Internal Market is not exploited infull, resulting in higher prices, a limited supply of goods andservices and loss of welfare in general.Consumers therefore play a key role in the exploitation ofInternal Market potential. Because while businesses arealready trading across borders, consumers only make use of theopportunities to a very limited extent. The remaining barriersto cross-border trade must therefore be removed. Safeguardinga high level of consumer protection and information in relationto cross-border trade is particularly important. Confident andinformed consumers who know their rights and opportunitiesare a precondition for a well-functioning Internal Market.In its consumer policy action plan ‘Responsible ConsumerPolicy’32from January 2010, the Government has thereforeemphasised the need for strong international collaborationand common European solutions to achieve proper conditionsfor consumers. This work includes the development ofsolutions to strengthen consumer confidence in e-commerceand marketing.For an in-depth description of the Government’s consumerinitiatives, reference is made to the consumer policy actionplan ‘Responsible Consumer Policy’.

mere sikre varer ogservices i det indre markedsafer products and servicesin the internal marketTo achieve well-functioning markets, authorities and businessesmust make sure that only legitimate goods and services aretraded on the market. Authority efforts to ensure that the goodstraded in the Internal Market comply with the legislation, rulesand standards laid down are together referred to as marketsurveillance. The services sector is not traditionally subjectto actual market surveillance. Instead, this sector is coveredby various authorisation and licensing schemes designed towarrant the quality of the services provided.Effective market surveillance is a precondition for consumersand businesses to have confidence in the products traded in theInternal Market. Confidence benefits trade and creates growthand jobs in Europe. Well-functioning and effective marketsurveillance in Denmark and the European Union is thereforeessential.Market surveillance includes a wide range of efforts fromthe communication of information to and dialogue withbusinesses to control and sanctioning. New EU rules33laydown a Community framework for market surveillance whichprepares the ground for a strengthening of the efforts in all EUMember States for the benefit of businesses and consumers.In addition to minimising the number of dangerous productson the market, the purpose of effective market surveillanceis to provide equal competitive conditions for businessesin all Member States. It is therefore important that thereis a reasonably uniform level of market surveillance in theEuropean Union.The Government intends to launch a number of initiativesto support the Danish market surveillance efforts in generaland ensure that the Danish market surveillance level forgoods is on a level with that of the rest of the European Union.The initiatives will support the Government’s objective ofpromoting an effective and targeted enforcement of businessregulations.In step with the increasing globalisation of trade, goodsimported from third countries and other EU Member Statesconstitute an ever growing part of the Danish market. This ispositive as increased trade promotes business competitivenessand generates a larger supply of goods at lower prices forconsumers. But increased trade also entails a risk that anincreasing number of products on the market do not meet thestatutory requirements – and in certain cases may be down

En forudsætning for velfungerende markeder er, at myndig-heder og virksomheder sørger for, at der kun er lovlige varerog services på markedet. Myndighedernes indsats for at sikre,at de varer, der forhandles i det indre marked, overholder defastsatte love, regler og standarder betegnes samlet set sommarkedsovervågning. På serviceområdet foretages traditio-nelt ikke decideret markedsovervågning. I stedet findes enrække autorisations- og godkendelsesordninger, som skalsikre kvaliteten af de udførte serviceydelser.Effektiv markedsovervågning er en forudsætning for, at for-brugere og virksomheder kan have tillid til de varer, der købesog sælges i det indre marked. Tillid gavner samhandelen ogskaber vækst og beskæftigelse i Europa. Det er derfor afgø-rende, at markedsovervågningen i Danmark og EU er velfun-gerende og effektiv.Markedsovervågning spænder bredt fra informationsfor-midling og dialog med virksomhederne til kontrol og sank-tionering. Nye EU-regler33etablerer en fællesskabsrammefor markedsovervågningen, som lægger op til en styrkelse afindsatsen i alle EU-lande til gavn for både virksomheder ogforbrugere. Ud over at minimere antallet af farlige produkterpå markedet skal effektiv markedsovervågning medvirke til,at virksomhederne oplever lige konkurrencevilkår i alle med-lemslande. Det er derfor en forudsætning, at der er et nogen-lunde ensartet niveau for markedsovervågningen i EU.Regeringen vil iværksætte en række initiativer, der skal med-virke til at styrke den danske markedsovervågningsindsats ge-nerelt og sikre, at det danske niveau for markedsovervågnin-gen med varer ligger på niveau med resten af EU. Initiativernevil understøtte regeringens målsætning om at fremme en ef-fektiv og målrettet håndhævelse af erhvervsreguleringen.I takt med stigende globalisering af handelen udgør varerimporteret fra 3. lande og fra andre EU-lande en stadig størreandel af det danske marked. Det er positivt, da øget samhan-del fremmer virksomhedernes konkurrenceevne og giver for-brugerne et større udbud af varer til en lavere pris. Men øgetsamhandel medfører også en risiko for, at der kommer flerevarer på markedet, der ikke lever op til kravene i lovgivningen– og som i visse tilfælde er direkte farlige for forbrugerne. Pro-blemets omfang kan illustreres med, at antallet af advarsler iEU’s fælles system for varsling af farlige produkter, RAPEX34,er steget eksplosivt de seneste år fra 139 i 2003 til 1.866 i 2008,jf. figur 9.

4.1 bedre markedsovervågning på vareområdet - oprettelse af markedsovervågningsudvalg I Danmark er markedsovervågningen med varer fordelt mel-lem en række myndigheder, som hver især har faglig ekspertiseinden for et område. Fx overvåger Miljøstyrelsen, at varer pådet danske marked overholder kemikalielovgivningen, mensSikkerhedsstyrelsen varetager markedsovervågning med elek-triske produkter, legetøj, fyrværkeri m.v. Denne decentrale an-svarsfordeling sikrer stor faglig ekspertise hos myndighederne.Men fordelingen betyder også, at der opstår en række til tideruklare snitflader mellem myndighederne, hvilket medfører enrisiko for, at visse produkter falder mellem to stole og derforikke kontrolleres i tilstrækkeligt omfang. Derudover tilrette-lægges og gennemføres markedsovervågningen meget forskel-ligt på forskellige områder, hvilket kan betyde, at virksomhe-derne oplever en forskellig behandling på forskellige områder,samt at forbrugerne ikke oplever det samme sikkerhedsniveaupå alle områder.For at styrke den overordnede koordination af markedsover-vågningen i Danmark etableres et markedsovervågningsud-valg i regi af Økonomi- og Erhvervsministeriet. Styrket koordi-nering af markedsovervågningen skal medvirke til at afklaregrænseflader mellem myndigheder i forbindelse med konkreteprodukter. Derved sikres det, at den decentrale organisering af

4.1 improved surveillance of the market for goods – set-up of a market surveillance committee In Denmark, surveillance of the market for goods is carriedout by different authorities with technical expertise in theirrespective fields. For example, the Danish EnvironmentalProtection Agency monitors the compliance of goods onthe Danish market with the legislation on chemicals, andthe Danish Safety Technology Authority is responsible formonitoring the market for electrical products, toys, fireworks,etc. This decentralised division of responsibility ensuresa high level of technical expertise in connection with thesurveillance by the authorities. But the division also meansthat the dividing lines between the authorities are sometimesblurred, entailing a risk that certain products fall between twostools and are therefore not controlled adequately. In addition,market surveillance efforts are planned and carried out invery different ways in different fields, which may result inbusinesses experiencing different treatment in different fieldsand consumers experiencing varying safety levels in differentfields.A market surveillance committee will be set up under theDanish Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs for thepurpose of improving the overall coordination of marketsurveillance efforts in Denmark. Improved coordination of the

markedsovervågningen ikke resulterer i, at et farligt produktfalder mellem to myndigheder. Koordinering af indsatsen vilvære et vigtigt redskab til at fastholde et højt beskyttelsesni-veau i Danmark i takt med, at yderligere markedsåbninger fø-rer til et større udbud af varer på markedet.Udvalget vil bestå af alle myndigheder, der gennemfører mar-kedsovervågning med varer , samt Forbrugerstyrelsen, SKAT ogregeringens Indre Markeds Center (jf. initiativ 5). Udvalget vilholde jævnlige møder med en kreds af organisationer, der re-præsenterer erhvervsliv, forbrugere og arbejdstagere. Udvalgetaflægger en årlig rapport om markedsovervågningsindsatsentil Folketinget.

market surveillance efforts is to help clarify the dividing linesbetween the authorities in relation to specific products. Thiswill prevent the risk of dangerous products falling between twoauthorities as a consequence of the decentralised organisationof market surveillance efforts. Coordinated efforts will be animportant tool to achieve a high level of protection in Denmarkas further market openings lead to a larger supply of productson the market.The committee will consist of representatives of all authoritiesresponsible for the surveillance of the market for goods andthe Danish Consumer Agency, the Danish Tax and CustomsAdministration (SKAT) and the Internal Market Centre of theDanish State (see Initiative 5). The committee will hold regularmeetings with a group of organisations representing trade andindustry, consumers and workers. The committee will submita report each year to the Folketing on the market surveillanceefforts.

initiativ 8:oprettelse af markedsovervågningsudvalgDer oprettes et markedsovervågningsudvalg, som får til opgaveat koordinere og gennemføre regeringens initiativer til en styr-ket markedsovervågningsindsats indenfor tre indsatsområder:1) Planlægning og prioritering2) Koordination og samarbejde3) Internationalt samarbejdeUdvalget vil bestå af alle myndigheder, der gennemfører mar-kedsovervågning med varer, samt Forbrugerstyrelsen, SKAT ogStatens Indre Markeds Center. Udvalget vil holde jævnlige mø-der med en kreds af organisationer, der repræsenterer erhvervs-liv, forbrugere og arbejdstagere.Udvalget vil have en koordinerende og vejledende funktioni forhold til de involverede myndigheder men vil være udeninstruktionsbeføjelser. Udvalget afgiver en årlig rapport til Fol-ketinget om markedsovervågningsindsatsen i Danmark.

initiative 8: set-up of a market surveillance committeeA market surveillance committee will be set up which will beresponsible for coordinating and carrying out Governmentinitiatives to strengthen market surveillance efforts in threeareas:1) Planning and prioritisation2) Coordination and collaboration3) International collaborationThe committee will consist of representatives of all authoritiesresponsible for the surveillance of the market for goods andthe Danish Consumer Agency, the Danish Tax and CustomsAdministration (SKAT) and the Internal Market Centre of theDanish State. The committee will hold regular meetings witha group of organisations representing trade and industry,consumers and workers.The committee will function as a coordinating body andprovide guidance relative to the relevant authorities, but willnot have any authority to give instructions. The committee willsubmit a report each year to the Folketing on the Danish marketsurveillance efforts.

4.2 planlægning og prioriteringUndersøgelser af den eksisterende praksis for markedsovervåg-ningen på vareområdet viser, at der er stor variation i, hvordanmyndighederne planlægger og prioriterer deres indsats. Derfindes ingen overordnede retningslinjer for, hvordan myndig-hederne skal prioritere indsatsen, hvilket medfører en megetuens praksis på tværs af områder. Dette indebærer, at virksom-hederne behandles forskelligt, og at markedsovervågningenikke nødvendigvis udføres på den mest effektive måde på alleområder.Nogle myndigheder udfører primært en reaktiv markedsover-vågning, hvor der er fokus på opfølgning på konkrete henven-delser fra fx forbrugere om farlige eller ulovlige produkter. Den

4.2 planning and prioritisationSurveys of current market surveillance practices concerninggoods show that the planning and prioritisation of efforts bythe authorities vary greatly. There are no general guidelinesas to how authorities should prioritise their efforts, whichimplies that practices differ greatly from sector to sector. Thismeans that businesses are treated differently and that marketsurveillance may not be carried out in the most effectivemanner in all fields.Some authorities mainly focus on a reactive market surveillanceapproach by following up on specific inquiries from consumersabout dangerous or illegal products. To a wide extent, reactivemarket surveillance is based on inspections. Other authorities

reaktive markedsovervågning er i vid udstrækning baseret påkontrolbesøg. Andre myndigheder lægger i højere grad vægtpå en proaktiv markedsovervågning, som ligeledes inkludererkontrolbesøg hos virksomheder, men som også indbefatter eninformationsindsats om gældende regler over for virksomhe-der og brancheorganisationer, dokumentkontrol og udarbej-delse af egenkontrolprogrammer i samarbejde med virksom-hederne.Med henblik på at sikre kvaliteten af markedsovervågningenpå tværs af områder udarbejdes en fælles overordnet målsæt-ning for markedsovervågningen i Danmark. Herudover styrkesplanlægning og prioritering gennem udarbejdelse af årligeovervågningsprogrammer og i form af fælles retningslinier forkontrolbesøg og opfølgning. Endvidere undersøges mulighe-den for udarbejdelse af en fælles database med relevante op-lysninger fra kontrolbesøg og fælles retningslinier for fx risiko-vurdering. Disse konkrete redskaber skal bruges til at prioriteremarkedsovervågningsindsatsen og vil generelt medvirke til enmere effektiv markedsovervågning. Redskaberne udarbejdesunder hensyntagen til, at det varierer, hvilke metoder og til-gange der passer bedst til et givet område.

focus more on a proactive market surveillance approach which,in addition to business inspections, also includes informingbusinesses and trade organisations about applicable rules,checking of documents and preparation of self-inspectionschemes in collaboration with businesses.To achieve a uniform quality of market surveillance across thedifferent fields, the Government will prepare a national overallobjective for market surveillance efforts in Denmark. Moreover,the planning and prioritisation will be strengthened by meansof annual surveillance programmes and common guidelinesfor inspections and follow-up. Furthermore, the feasibility ofcreating a common database of relevant information frominspections and common risk assessment guidelines, etc., willbe examined. These specific tools are intended to support theprioritisation of market surveillance efforts and contribute tomore effective market surveillance in general. The tools willbe developed with due consideration for the different methodsand approaches that best suit the individual fields.

4.3 koordination og samarbejde mellem markedsover-vågningsmYndighederneDen decentrale organisering af markedsovervågningen inde-bærer, at potentielle gevinster ved fælles initiativer mellemmyndighederne ikke realiseres fuldt ud. De samme virksomhe-der kan således opleve at få besøg af flere forskellige kontrol-myndigheder. Det er en ineffektiv udnyttelse af såvel virksom-hedernes som myndighedernes tid. Øget samarbejde mellemmyndighederne, fx i forbindelse med fælles informationskam-pagner eller kontrolbesøg hos virksomheder, skal medvirketil at sikre virksomhederne en ensartet behandling og lettevirksomhedernes administrative byrder. Herudover vil mulig-hederne for effektivisering af indsatsen via nye kontrolformerblive undersøgt, fx kontrolfællesskaber og egenkontrol. Dette

4.3 coordination and cooperation between market surveillance authoritiesThe decentralised organisation of market surveillance effortsmeans that potential benefits of joint initiatives between theauthorities are not exploited in full. The same business maythus experience inspections from several different authorities.This is an inefficient use of time for businesses as well asauthorities. By increasing authority cooperation, for examplein connection with joint information campaigns or businessinspections, the Government intends to achieve more uniformtreatment and ease the administrative burdens of businesses. Inaddition, the possibilities of streamlining the efforts by meansof new forms of inspection will also be examined, for exampleinspection groups and self-inspection. These measures are to

skal sikre en mere effektiv og i sidste ende bedre markedsover-vågning.Øget samarbejde vil desuden medvirke til at øge erfaringsud-veksling og udbredelse af ”bedste praksis” mellem myndighe-derne, hvilket vil højne kvaliteten af markedsovervågningen.Regeringen vil endvidere fremme fælles initiativer mellemmarkedsovervågningsmyndighederne og SKAT, således at enstørre del af de ulovlige produkter stoppes, allerede inden denår ud på det danske marked. Erfaringerne viser, at importe-rede varer udgør en stor andel af de ulovlige varer på markedet,fx udgør importerede varer over 70 % af alle ulovlige varer pådet elektrotekniske område. Alle varer fra tredjelande skal told-behandles, inden de frigives til omsætning på markedet. SKATer derfor i en unik position til at tilbageholde ulovlige varer,hvis de får tilstrækkeligt input fra markedsovervågningsmyn-dighederne til fx risikoprofiler over relevante produkttyper,producenter eller importører.

provide a more effective and, ultimately, better surveillance ofmarkets.Closer cooperation will also help increase the sharing ofexperiences and best practices between authorities, therebyincreasing the market surveillance quality.The Government will also work to promote joint initiativesbetween the market surveillance authorities and SKAT to stopa larger proportion of the illegal products already before theyreach the Danish market. Experience shows that importedgoods account for a large proportion of the illegal goods on themarket. For example, imported products account for more than70 per cent of all illegal electrical/technical products. All third-country goods must be cleared before they can be released fortrade on the market. SKAT therefore has a unique authorityto withhold illegal goods if they receive sufficient input frommarket surveillance authorities for example for risk profiles ofrelevant product types, manufacturers or importers.

initiativ 10: stYrket samarbejde mellem mYndighederRegeringen vil iværksætte fælles markedsovervågningsinitiati-ver mellem relevante myndigheder, herunder SKAT. Initiativetvil primært vedrøre:• Fremme af målrettet og effektiv markedsovervågning• Tilrettelæggelse af fælles uddannelsesprogrammer• Tilrettelæggelse af samarbejde mellem markedsovervåg-ningsmyndighederne og mellem disse og SKAT, fx ved fællesinformationskampagner og fælles kontrolbesøg• Test af nye kontrolsamarbejder, fx gennem egentlige kontrol-fællesskaber• Undersøge muligheden for at gennemføre ensartet kontrolpå sammenlignelige områderInitiativet forankres i regeringens markedsovervågningsudvalg.

initiative 10: increased cooperaton between authoritiesThe Government intends to launch joint market surveillanceinitiatives between relevant authorities, including SKAT. Theinitiative will mainly relate to:• Promotion of targeted and effective market surveillanceefforts• Planning of common training programmes• Planning of cooperation between market surveillanceauthorities and between these authorities and SKAT, forexample in connection with joint information campaignsand inspections• Testing of new joint inspection efforts, for example byactual inspection groups• Examination of feasibility of carrying out uniforminspections in comparable fieldsThe initiative will be administered by the Government’smarket surveillance committee.

4.4 internationalt samarbejde om markedsovervågningEnsartet markedsovervågning på tværs af grænserne i det in-dre marked er en forudsætning for, at danske forbrugere ople-ver et ensartet beskyttelsesniveau, uanset om de køber danskeller udenlandsk producerede varer, og uanset om de handleri Danmark eller i et andet EU-land. Ensartet markedsovervåg-ning sikrer herudover, at danske virksomheder oplever ligekonkurrencevilkår overalt i EU. Markedsovervågningsindsat-sen varierer imidlertid meget på tværs af landegrænserne. IEU-regi er der derfor netop vedtaget en fælles ramme for denfremtidige markedsovervågning.36Den danske regering vil i forbindelse med nye EU-regler sikreet højt beskyttelsesniveau for forbrugere, arbejdstagere ogmiljø i hele EU ved at sikre en ensartet implementering oghåndhævelse. Danmark vil deltage aktivt i at fremme EU-

4.4 international cooperation on market surveillanceUniform market surveillance standards across borders in theInternal Market is necessary for consumers to experience auniform level of protection, whether they purchase productsmanufactured in Denmark or abroad and whether theytrade in Denmark or in another EU Member State. Uniformmarket surveillance will also ensure that Danish businessesexperience equal competitive conditions in all EU MemberStates. However, market surveillance efforts vary greatlyacross the national borders. For that reason, a commonEuropean framework for future market surveillance effortshas recently been adopted.36In connection with new EU rules, the Danish Governmentwill work to achieve a high level of protection of consumers,workers and the environment throughout the European Union

initiativ 11: internationalt samarbejde om markedsovervågningMarkedsovervågningsudvalget skal sikre, at den danske indsatsfor markedsovervågning er på niveau med indsatsen i resten afEU. Initiativer vil især vedrøre:• Sammenligning af den danske indsats med indsatsen i rele-vante EU-lande• Styrket koordinering af danske input til horisontale EU-initia-tiver vedrørende markedsovervågning• Udbredelse af erfaringer og bedste praksis fra EU-projekterblandt alle danske markedsovervågningsmyndigheder• Styrket koordinering af dansk deltagelse i fælleseuropæiskeinformationskampagner og besøgsprogrammerInitiativet forankres i regeringens markedsovervågningsud-valg.

ainitiative 11: international cooperation on market surveillanceThe market surveillance committee is responsible for ensuringthat Danish market surveillance efforts are on a level with theefforts of the other EU Member States. The initiative will mainlyrelate to:• Comparison of Danish efforts with the efforts of relevant EUMember States• Improved coordination of Danish input for horizontalEuropean market surveillance initiatives• Sharing of experiences and best practices from EU projectswith all Danish market surveillance authorities• Improved coordination of Danish participation in commonEuropean information campaigns and inspection schemesThe initiative will be administered by the Government’s marketsurveillance committee.

4.5 bedre håndhævelse på serviceområdet På serviceområdet foretages traditionelt ikke decideret mar-kedsovervågning. I stedet findes en række autorisations- oggodkendelsesordninger, som sikrer kvaliteten af de udførteserviceydelser. Med vedtagelsen af EU’s servicedirektiv, somer trådt i kraft ved udgangen af 2009, er der skabt rammer forøget samhandel med services. Det er imidlertid afgørende forsikkerheden på markedet, at myndighederne kan verificere, atudenlandske serviceudbydere lever op til de danske regler.Der er derfor brug for et stærkt samarbejde mellem myndighe-derne på tværs af grænserne i EU. I forbindelse med vedtagel-sen af servicedirektivet har man i EU-regi opbygget et informa-tionssystem (IMI ), som alle medlemslande er koblet op til. IMIskal bruges til at udveksle oplysninger mellem myndighederom grænseoverskridende serviceydere. Konkret kan de natio-nale myndigheder via systemet få kontakt til og føre en dialogmed relevante kompetente myndigheder i andre EU-lande påderes eget modersmål.Såfremt de danske sundhedsmyndigheder fx modtager en an-søgning om autorisation fra en udenlandsk læge, vil de danskemyndigheder gennem informationssystemet kunne spørgemyndighederne i den pågældende læges hjemland om rig-

4.5 improved enforcement in the services field The services field is not traditionally subject to actual marketsurveillance. Instead, this sector is subject to a number ofauthorisation and licensing schemes to warrant the quality ofthe services provided. The EU Services Directive, which enteredinto force at the end of 2009, laid down a new framework forincreased trade in services. However, to guarantee marketsafety it is essential that authorities are able to verify thatforeign service providers comply with Danish rules.Strong cross-border cooperation between the nationalEuropean authorities is therefore required. In connectionwith the adoption of the Services Directive, a Europeaninformation system (IMI ) was established which is accessiblefor all Member States. IMI is to be used for the exchange ofinformation between authorities about cross-border serviceproviders. More specifically, the national authorities may usethe system to contact and communicate with the relevantcompetent authorities in other EU Member States in their ownlanguages.For example, if the Danish health authorities receive anapplication for authorisation by a foreign medical practitioner,the Danish authorities may use the information system to

inquire the authorities of the relevant practitioner’s country oforigin about the correctness of the information provided by thepractitioner, for example the validity of the diploma or similardocumentation.The IMI system will also contribute to reducing theadministrative burdens of foreign service providers as itfacilitates a faster and more effective processing of authorisationapplications by making it possible to communicate with theauthorities of the country of origin.The Government will make sure that the relevant authoritiesreceive information about and training in the new system sothat consumers can feel confident in choosing foreign serviceproviders, which will promote competition and reduce theprice of services in Denmark.

noternotesEuropean Economy Economic Papers, No 271, January 2007.Copenhagen Economics (2007), ‘The Internal Market for Goods. TheUnrealised Potential’. Copenhagen Economics (2005), ‘Economic Assess-ment of the Barriers to the Internal Market for Services’.3Directive 2006/123/EC of the European Parliament and of the Councilof 12 December 2006 on services in the Internal Market.4European Business Test Panel (2004), ‘Trading Goods Across the EU– Applying the Principle of Mutual Recognition’.5The Danish Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs (2006), ‘The Sig-nificance of Danish Special Rules’ (‘Betydningen af danske særregler’).Not published.6Copenhagen Economics (2006), ‘The Financial Significance of Autho-risation Schemes’ (‘Den økonomiske betydning af autorisationsordnin-ger’). Not published.7All notifications are available in the EU TRIS database at http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/tris/.8The Danish Enterprise and Construction Authority (2006), ‘Task ForceReport on the Internal Market (TIM)’ (‘Rapport fra Task forcen for detindre marked (TIM)’). Not published.9The comparison must be made before the presentation of the rules. Inrelation to goods, this could take place in connection with the manda-tory notification to the Commission of new or revised rules on goodsand services. According to Directive 98/34/EC (the Notification Proce-dure Directive), all new national rules and essential revisions of existingrules on goods must be notified to the Commission before they are putinto force. The Services Directive introduces a similar provision for ser-vices regulated by the Directive. The purpose of the notification proce-dures is to give the Commission and the other EU Member States theopportunity to object to national rules.10The Government proposes to introduce the comparison requirementas a permanent element of the EU notification procedures in connec-tion with the revision of Directive 98/34/EC.11The Commission (2004), ‘Extended Impact Assessment of Proposal fora Directive on Services in the Internal Market’, SEC (2004) 21.12Ibid.13Ibid.14Confederation of Danish Industry (2007), ‘The EU Internal Market.Well Begun is Half Done’ (‘EU’s indre marked. Godt begyndt – halvt fuld-endt’).15Decision 768/2008/EC of the European Parliament and the Councilon a common framework for the marketing of products, and repealingCouncil Decision 93/465/EEC.16The timely implementation of EU legislation by Member States ispublished every six months by the Commission in the ‘Internal MarketScoreboard’. The most recent Scoreboard is available at http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/score/index_en.htm.17For example, it may be possible to calculate the number of cases con-cerning incorrect application of the mutual recognition principle thatare pending before the European Court of Justice or how the collabora-tion about market surveillance in the European Union is planned andcarried out.18The Commission (2006), ‘Special Eurobarometer: Internal Market. Opi-nions and experiences of Citizens in EU-25’.19The Swedish National Board of Trade (2005), ‘Yes, Of Course Europeis Our Home Market – Nearly All Our Exports Go There. SwedishCompanies’ Views of the EU Internal Market’ (’Visst är EU vår hem-mamarknad – nästan all vår export går dit. Svenska företags uppfatt-ning om EU:s inre marknad’).12

European Economy Economic Papers, No 271, January 2007.2Copenhagen Economics (2007), ‘The Internal Market for goods. TheUnrealised Potential’. Copenhagen Economics (2005), ‘Economic Assess-ment of the Barriers to the Internal Market for services’.3Europa-parlamentets og Rådets direktiv 2006/123/EF af 12. december2006 om tjenesteydelser i det indre marked.4European Business Test Panel (2004), ’Trading Goods Across the EU– Applying the Principle of Mutual Recognition’.5Økonomi- og Erhvervsministeriet (2006), ’Betydningen af danske sær-regler’. Ikke publiceret.6Copenhagen Economics (2006), ’Den økonomiske betydning af autori-sationsordninger’. Ikke publiceret.7Overblik over notifikationer findes i EU’s TRIS database, http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/tris/.8Erhvervs- og Byggestyrelsen (2006), ’Rapport fra Task forcen for det in-dre marked (TIM)’. Ikke publiceret.9Sammenligningen skal ske inden reglerne fremsættes. For varer vil detfx kunne ske i forbindelse med den obligatoriske notifikation af nye ellerreviderede regler for varer og services til Kommissionen. Ifølge direktiv98/34 (Informationsproceduredirektivet) skal alle nye nationale reglerog væsentlige revisioner af eksisterende regler på vareområdet notifice-res til Kommissionen, inden de sættes i kraft. Servicedirektivet indføreren tilsvarende bestemmelse for tjenester omfattet af direktivet. Formå-let med notifikationsprocedurerne er at give Kommissionen og de øvrigeEU-lande mulighed for at gøre indsigelse mod nationale regler.10Regeringen foreslår, at sammenligningskravet indføres som et fastelement i EU’s informationsprocedure, når direktiv 98/34 skal revide-res.11Kommissionen (2004), ‘Extended impact assessment of proposal fora directive on services in the internal market’, SEC (2004) 21.12Ibid.13Ibid.14Dansk Industri (2007), ’EU’s indre marked. Godt begyndt – halvt fuld-endt’.15Europa-Parlamentets og Rådets afgørelse nr. 768/2008/EF om fællesrammer for markedsføring af produkter og om ophævelse af Rådets af-gørelse 93/465/EF.16Medlemslandenes evne til at implementere EU-lovgivningen til tidenbliver målt hvert halve år i Kommissionens ’Resultattavle for det indremarked’. Den seneste resultattavle findes på http://ec.europa.eu/inter-nal_market/score/index_en.htm.17Det kan fx opgøres, hvor mange sager vedr. forkert anvendelse af prin-cippet om gensidig anerkendelse, der verserer ved EU-Domstolen ellersamarbejdet om markedsovervågning i EU tilrettelægges og gennemfø-res.18Kommissionen (2006), ’Special Eurobarometer: Internal Market. Opini-ons and experiences of Citizens in EU-25’.19Kommerskollegium (2005), ’Visst är EU vår hemmamarknad – nästanall vår export går dit. Svenska företags uppfattning om EU:s inre mark-nad’.20Kommerskollegium (2005), ’Europa – ja men hur? – svenske myndighe-ters uppfattning om EU:s inre marknad’.21Se note 17-19.22European Business Test Panel (2004) ‘Trading Goods Across the EU– Applying the principle of Mutual Recognition’. Figur fra CopenhagenEconomics (2007) jf. note 2.23Kommissionen (2006), ’Special Eurobarometer: Internal Market. Opini-ons and experiences of Citizens in EU-25’.

Varepakken består af forordning 764/2008 om gensidig anerkendelse,forordning 765/2008 om akkreditering og markedsovervågning og afgø-relse 768/2008 om fælles rammer for markedsføring af produkter.25Kommissionens henstilling om foranstaltninger til fremme af det in-dre marked, K(2009) 4728 endelig.26Eurobarometer (2000), ‘Europeans and the EC logo’, 52, nr. 1.The Swedish Research Institute of Trade (2004), ‘CE – A study of consu-mers’ and retailers’ knowledge of the CE mark’.27Copenhagen Economics (2007), ‘The Internal Market for Goods. TheUnrealised Potential’.28Kommissionen (2002), ’Anden toårsrapport om anvendelsen af prin-cippet om gensidig anerkendelse i det indre marked’, KOM(2002) 419.Se også konsekvensvurdering af forslag til forordning om procedurerfor anvendelsen af visse nationale tekniske forskrifter på produkter, dermarkedsføres lovligt i en anden medlemsstat, SEC (2007) 112.29Europa-Parlamentet og Rådets forordning 764/2008/EF om procedurerfor anvendelsen af visse nationale tekniske forskrifter på produkter, dermarkedsføres lovligt i en anden medlemsstat.30I 2006 har kun 26 % af de europæiske forbrugere handlet i en andenmedlemsstat. Dog har 54 % af de danske forbrugere handlet i en andenmedlemsstat i 2006, jf. ”Monitoring consumer outcomes in the singlemarket: the Consumer Market Scoreboard”, COM (2008) 31, januar 2008,s. 45-46.3144 % af de europæiske forbrugere har handlet på internettet, men kun12 % har handlet på internettet i en anden medlemsstat. COM (2008) 31,januar 2008, s. 46.32Regeringens Forbrugerpolitiske Handlingsplan er offentliggjort den26. januar 2010.33Jf. forordning 765/2008 om akkreditering og markedsovervågning.34RAPEX er et fælleseuropæisk system, som drives af Kommissionen, ogsom alle medlemslande har afgang til via et nationalt kontaktpunkt.RAPEX bruges til udveksling af oplysninger om produkter, der udgør enalvorlig risiko for forbrugernes sundhed og sikkerhed, mellem EU-lan-dene.35Dette omfatter kun ikke-organiske varer, dvs. ikke fødevarer og foder.36Jf. forordning 765/2008 om akkreditering og markedsovervågning.37Enhancing Market Surveillance through Best Practice38IMI – Internal Market Information System. For yderligere informatio-ner se http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/imi-net/24

The Swedish National Board of Trade (2005), ‘Europe – Yes, But How?Swedish Government Agencies’ Views of the EU Internal Market’(’Europa – ja men hur? – svenske myndigheters uppfattning om EU:s inre marknad’).21See notes 17-19.22European Business Test Panel (2004), ‘Trading Goods Across the EU– Applying the principle of Mutual Recognition’. Figure from Copen-hagen Economics (2007), see note 2.23The Commission (2006), ‘Special Eurobarometer: Internal Market.Opinions and experiences of Citizens in EU-25’25Commission mentions the setting up of Internal Market coordination func-tions as a good practice example.24The goods package consists of Regulation 764/2008/EC on mutualrecognition, Regulation 765/2008/EC on accreditation and marketsurveillance and Regulation 768/2008/EC on a common frameworkfor the marketing of products.25Commission Recommendation on measures to improve the func-tioning of the single market, C(2009) 4728 final.26Eurobarometer (2000), ‘Europeans and the EC logo’, 52, No. 1.The Swedish Research Institute of Trade (2004), ‘CE – A study of con-sumers’ and retailers’ knowledge of the CE mark’.27Copenhagen Economics (2007), ‘The Internal Market for Goods. TheUnrealised Potential’.28The Commission (2002), ‘Second biennial Report on the Applicationof the Principle of Mutual Recognition in the Single Market’ COM(2002) 419.See also Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament andof the Council laying down procedures relating to the applicationof certain national technical rules to products lawfully marketed inanother Member State, Impact Assessment SEC (2007) 112.29Regulation 764/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of theCouncil laying down procedures relating to the application of certainnational technical rules to products lawfully marketed in anotherMember State.retailers’ knowledge of the CE mark’30In 2006, only 26 per cent of European consumers traded in anotherMember State. However, 54 per cent of Danish consumers traded inanother Member State in 2006, see ‘Monitoring consumer outcomesin the single market: the Consumer Markets Scoreboard’, COM (2008)31, January 2008, pp. 45-46.3144 per cent of European consumers traded on the Internet, whereasonly 12 per cent traded on the Internet in another Member State. COM(2008) 31, January 2008, p. 46.32The Government action plan ‘Responsible Consumer Policy’ waspublished on 26 January 2010.33See Regulation 765/2008/EC setting out the requirements for ac-creditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of pro-ducts.34RAPEX is a common European system operated by the Commission,which all Member States have access to via national contact points.RAPEX is used for exchanging information between the Member Sta-tes about products posing a serious risk to the health and safety ofconsumers.35This does not apply to organic goods, ie. food end feed.36See Regulation 765/2008/EC setting out the requirements for ac-creditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of pro-ducts.37Enhancing Market Surveillance through Best Practice.38IMI – Internal Market Information System. More information isavailable at http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/imi-net/.20